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Name:_________________________
Global 9RH
Global History and Geography 9RH
Review Sheet
UNIT III: Persia & Greece
Persian Empire
Identify the greatest accomplishments (or failures) of the following Persian leaders:
Persia: approx 550 BC
- Cyrus the Great
- Cambyses
- Darius the Great: religious tolerance, built Royal Road, established “eyes and ears of
King”
- Xerxes I
- Zoroastrianism
- Bureaucratic system
- Geography
- Achievements and Treatment of the Conquered Peoples
- Zoroastrianism –Founder, monotheistic/polytheistic, major beliefs
Greece
 Effects of geography – mountains, sea, climate
 Early peoples of the Aegean – Minoans, Mycenaeans, & Phoenicians
 Athens & Sparta – similarities/differences in government & culture, Persian Wars,
Peloponnesian War
Athens: height at approx 400 - 500 BC
 Originated the idea of limited democracy
 Pericles
 Only citizens (land owning males) can participate
 Peloponnesian Wars
Sparta: height at approx 400 - 500 BC
 Boys lived away from home
 Girls exercise to produce healthy male babies
 Helots – slaves
 Peloponnesian Wars
 Alexander the Great
Vocabulary
 Bureaucracy
 Autocracy
 Monarchy
 Tyranny
 Oligarchy
 Democracy
 Direct democracy
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Republic
Theocracy
Satrap
Monotheism
City-state
Delian League
Hellenistic culture
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Name:_________________________
Global 9RH
UNIT IV – Silk Roads
SILK ROAD – civilizations/territory covered, goods traded, danger, economic benefits, cultural
diffusion
Rome: fall 476 AD
 Geography – importance of location, importance/role of Mediterranean Sea
 Stretched around the entire Mediterranean Sea
 Julius Caesar turned Rome from a Republic to an Empire
 Birthplace of Christianity
 Punic Wars: Carthage was burned and salted by the Romans
 Fell because of unemployment, inflation, invasion of Germanic tribes
 Fall of Rome in the west caused decline in trade, breakdown of central government, rise
of Church and the Middle Ages
 Eastern Rome became the Byzantine Empire with Constantinople as capital
Republic:
 Basics positions in gov. – consuls, dictator, Senate, Assemblies of the People, tribunes
 Twelve Tables – what where they, why were they created
 Transition from Republic to Empire – Julius Caesar, Caesar Augustus
Empire:
 Pax Romana
 Legacy of law
 Technology – arch, dome, aqueducts
 Colosseum
 “Bread & Circuses”
 Treatment of Christians
 Emperor Constantine – Constantinople
Decline of the Empire:
 Causes – political, economic, social, military
 Long process
 Effects on Eastern & Western Europe
China:
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Order of dynasties; Shang, Zhou, Qin, Han, Tang, Song, Yuan (Mongols), Ming
Qin & Han Dynasties:
3 philosophies – know the founder and major ideas:
o Daoism (Laozi), belief in finding peace and happiness through nature
o Confucianism (Confucius), belief in the five relationships based upon respect and
understanding of one’s role
o Legalism (Han Fe Zi), practiced by Qin Shi Di whose Qin dynasty centralized
China into one country in 221 BC
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Name:_________________________
Global 9RH
Qin dynasty:
 Qin Shi Huangdi
 Philosophy
 Pros & cons of the reign
 Great Wall
 Tomb
 Treatment of people/opposition
 Why did the dynasty fall?
Han Dynasty
 Han Wudi
 Philosophy
 Economic changes
 Silk Road
 Achievements
 Spread of Buddhism to China
 Bureaucratic system
 Civil service
 Centralized govt.
Aksum
geographic advantages (location), role in trade on Silk Road, Christianity
Mauryan & Gupta Empires
Mauryan Empire:
 Chandragupta – how did he rule?
 Pataliputra
 Asoka – centralized India, Asoka’s religious tolerance after Edict of Kalinga
Gupta Empire:
 Economic prosperity
 Achievements
 Silk Road
 Golden Age
VOCABULARY
 Silk Road
 Democracy
 Direct democracy
 Republic
 Consul
 Dictator
 Senate
 Patrician
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Plebeian
Tribune
Forum
Twelve Tables
Carthage
Punic Wars
Legion
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Global 9RH
Pax Romana
Golden Age
Arch
Aqueduct
Colosseum
“Bread & Circuses”
Constantinople
Feudalism
Mandate of Heaven
Dynastic cycle
Legalism
Daoism
Wu wei/in-action
Yin & yang
Confucianism
Filial piety
Centralized bureaucracy
Monarchy
Autocracy
Dissent
Xi’an
Civil servant
Civil service system
Civil service exam
Buddhism
Aksum
Pataliputra
Asoka’s Edicts
Decimal system
Concept of zero
Arabic numerals
Cultural diffusion
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