Download ap us history first quarter review sheet

AP US HISTORY FIRST QUARTER ASSESSSMENT REVIEW SHEET
Mr. Peterson
1. The Aztecs lived in Mexico
2. Characteristics of Aztec, Mayan and Iroquois civilization—Reliance on agriculture
3. European, Mayan and Aztec cultures of fifteenth century all featured a hierarchical society in
which authority came from above.
4. European Renaissance began in 1300 in Italy
5. Renaissance-era ideologies—civic humanism
6. Portugal was the first European nation to involve itself in exploration of the Atlantic.
7. Merchants from which of the following countries made inroads in the Arab-dominated trade
routes of the Mediterranean—Italy.
8. The rise of commerce in most of Europe in the fifteenth century shifted the balance of power by
favoring Monarchs.
9. Why were the Crusades important? The expeditions exposed Europeans to Arab trade goods
and their classical heritage.
10. Which of the following was a result of the Crusades—Western European merchants gained
awareness of Asian trade routes.
11. The first phase of the Reformation in the 1500s had its greatest success in which of the following
countries: Germany
12. Martin Luther advocated that the Catholic Church was corrupt and in need of reform.
13. John Calvin and Calvinist theologians
14. Which of the following motivations drove the Spanish conquistadors who followed Columbus to
the Americas in the early sixteenth century? Their thirst for battle and riches as well as land in
the conquered territory and titles of nobility
15. Which of the following statements describe the impact of the Columbian Exchange? It
transported livestock, crops, and diseases among Africa, Europe, Asia and the Americas.
16. Why did the number of Indians living in Mesoamerica decline from about 30 million in the
fifteenth century? Disease carried by Europeans decimated most Indian tribes who came into
contact with them.
17. Explorers: Balboa, Cortes, Pizarro and Diaz
18. The Legacy of the Spanish conquest in the New World—Spanish government and missionaries
waged a campaign to suppress indigenous cultures
19. Spain was the wealthiest nation in Europe during most of the sixteenth century.
20. By the mid-1500s, Spain’s main goal in North America was to maintain its dominance and power
in the region.
21. Which of the following diseases were introduced into Europe by Christopher Columbus’s sailors
after their journey to the Americas in the 1490s? Syphilis
22. Which of the following statements describes the significance of the arrival of New World crops,
including maize and potatoes, in Europe and Asia after the 1500s? American crops increased
agricultural yield and population growth in the Old World.
23. Which of the following was an outcome of Elizabeth I’s compromise on the Church of England in
the late 1500s: It angered English people who supported radical Protestantism.
24. Main motive for King Philip II’s attack o England in 1588
25. Why was the influx of American gold and silver into the English economy during the sixteenth
century significant: It stimulated further economic expansion.
26. Portuguese colonists in Brazil in the sixteenth century created an industry based on which
resource: sugar
AP US HISTORY FIRST QUARTER ASSESSSMENT REVIEW SHEET
Mr. Peterson
27. Which of the following statements describes the English migrants who initially settled in the
Jamestown colony in the early 1600s? Early Jamestown settlers expected to profit from gold and
Indian labor
28. Powhatan
29. What accounted for the uneasy relations that persisted between Powhatan’s people and the
Jamestown settlers? Both groups’ inability to reach an agreement about who would pay tribute
to whom.
30. The economic livelihood of the Virginia colony in the 1700s depended on Tobacco
31. What effect did American tobacco have in England during the early colonial period: The English
developed a huge appetite for tobacco, which stimulated the English economy and bolstered
England’s treasury.
32. Which of the following characteristics was a common feature of royal colonies throughout
English America in the seventeenth century? An elected assembly
33. Lord Baltimore, the proprietor of Maryland, established that colony as a haven for Catholics.
34. Which of the following describes the colony of Maryland: Tobacco production shaped its
economy and social structures.
35. In North America’s plantation colonies, most indentured servants did not escape from poverty.
36. In which of the following ways did the plantation colonies of Barbados differ from those in the
Chesapeake in the seventeenth century? The Chesapeake adopted slavery gradually and
Barbados did so quickly.
37. Which of the following statements describes Africans in Virginia after the 1660s? Africans found
themselves more entrenched in slavery as a permanent condition.
38. How was colonization similar for the French and Spanish—the French and Spanish aimed to
Christianize the native peoples.
39. John Winthrop’s phrase “City upon a Hill” referred to which of the following colonies?
Massachusetts Bay
40. For which of the following reasons was Roger Williams banished from Massachusetts Bay in
1636? He questioned the English seizure of native people’s lands.
41. Anne Hutchinson was banished from Massachusetts Bay for questioning the idea that good
works led to salvation.
42. Cotton Mather
43. Why did the largest landholdings in seventeenth century New England towns usually belong to
wealthier families? Men of higher social status tended to receive the largest land grants from
their towns.
44. Which of the following was characteristic of both the Massachusetts Bay and Connecticut
colonies? Ordinary farmers had more political power than most Chesapeake men.
45. How did the Puritans justify their invasion of the Native Americans’ land in the seventeenth
century? The Puritans interpreted epidemics that devastated Native American populations as a
favorable sign from God.
46. Which of the following statements is true of Metacom’s War (King Philip’s War), which took
place in 1675-1676? The war was a last-ditch attempt to save Indian lands and culture in New
England.
47. Which of the following statements describes life in the Chesapeake region—A wealthy, plantermerchant elite dominated the Chesapeake economy and owned almost half the land in Virginia.
48. Why was Berkeley significant in the Chesapeake region: His political favoritism during his
governorship aroused great resentment in Virginia.
49. Consequence of Bacon’s Rebellion in the 1670’s
AP US HISTORY FIRST QUARTER ASSESSSMENT REVIEW SHEET
Mr. Peterson
50. Where did the first colonists who settled South Carolina and introduced racial slavery in the
1660s come from? Barbados
51. Which American colony was established in the 1660’s as a haven for Quakers: Pennsylvania
52. The Navigation Acts, implemented in the American colonies by Britain in the mid-seventeenth
century, were originally intended to cut the Dutch and French out of the colonial trade.
53. The Navigation Acts
54. Which of the following events provoked a major crisis for Puritans—The annulment of
Massachusetts’ charter.
55. In Maryland, the aftermath of the Glorious Revolution was characterized by the establishment
of the Church of England as the official church.
56. Which of the following describes the process of tribalization that occurred in America in the
early eighteenth century? Stateless peoples’ adaptation to the demands imposed on them by
neighboring states.
57. Which agricultural product served as the foundation for the South Atlantic system in the
eighteenth century? Sugar
58. The transatlantic slave trade resulted in which of the following outcomes in the eighteenth
century? The emergence of polygamous marriage in many African societies
59. The Middle Passage
60. The creation of a slave-based plantation economy was a consequence of the “tobacco
revolution” in Virginia and Maryland in the late seventeenth century? The creation of a slavebased plantation economy
61. Which of the following characterized tobacco, rice, and sugar production in eighteenth-century
America? Each drove the expansion of the slave trade for a time.
62. What method did Chesapeake planters use in the early eighteenth century to prevent slave
revolts? They bought slaves of different ethnic backgrounds to limit their ability to organize.
63. What spurred slaves to organize the Stono Rebellion in South Carolina in 1739? The Spanish
governor in Florida had promised freedom to fugitive slaves.
64. Which of the following was true of slavery in the American colonies in the eighteenth century?
Slaves created a sophisticated culture with extended kin relationships and traditions
65. Which of the following changes occurred in white society in the Chesapeake colonies at the
same time that slavery was being forced on Africans? A more rigid class structure with a welldefined and highly visible economic and political elite began to emerge.
66. What did the British policy of salutary neglect of the American colonies in the early eighteenth
century mean? The British relaxed their supervision of the colonies’ internal affairs while
concentrating on defense and trade policies
67. The Americans’ major objection to the Navigation Acts related to which of the following
stipulations? The requirement that Americans maintain a favorable balance of trade with
England.
68. Which of the following statements best describes women’s property rights in the English
colonies in the eighteenth century? When they married, women passed legal ownership of all
personal property to their husbands.
69. Which of the following statements describes rural life in the New England colonies during the
eighteenth century? Colonists’ sense of personal worth and dignity in rural New England
contrasted sharply with European peasant life.
70. Which of the following statements characterizes eighteenth-century religious practice in
Pennsylvania? Each religious sect enforced moral behavior among its members.
AP US HISTORY FIRST QUARTER ASSESSSMENT REVIEW SHEET
Mr. Peterson
71. Why was the print revolution that occurred in the colonies during the early eighteenth century
significant? Printing allowed for the broad transmission of new ideas
72. Which of the following individuals created the foundation for Enlightenment thinking? Nicolas
Copernicus
73. The English philosopher John Locke believed which of the following ideas? People had natural
rights such as life, liberty, and property.
74. The power of human reason, a world ordered by natural laws, and the progressive improvement
of society are associated with which of the following movements? The Enlightenment
75. Influenced by Enlightenment science, which of the following religious movements believed that
God had created the world but allowed it to operate in accordance with the laws of nature—
Deism.
76. What made George Whitefield such a successful evangelical preacher in New England in the
1740’s: A reputation for being “almost angelical” in appearance
77. During the Great Awakening in the 1730s and 1740s, which of the following groups challenged
the authority of ministers? New Lights
78. Which of the following consequences of the eighteenth-century Great Awakening made it
historically significant? Americans new freedom to challenge authority within and outside the
church.
79. The French and Indian War started as a result of disputed land claims regarding the Ohio River
Valley
80. The 1754 Albany Congress was a significant event because it demonstrated that neither the
colonists nor the British found the other’s plan acceptable.
81. Which of the following was part of William Pitt’s strategy to mobilize the American colonists for
the Great War for Empire in 1756? Committing to provide a fleet of British ships and 30,000
soldiers to North America
82. Which of the following was a provision of the Treaty of Paris of 1763? France lost all of her
North American territory east of the Mississippi River.
83. George Grenville conceived the Sugar Act of 1764 to replace which of the following acts—The
Molasses Act of 1733
84. The colonists’ real objections to the Sugar Act stemmed from which of the following---the
growing administrative power of the British government over the colonies
85. The Stamp Act was instituted by Parliament in the colonies in 1765; it was a part of England’s
plan to create a more centralized imperial system in America.
86. At the same time that Parliament imposed the Stamp Act, it also passed the Quartering Act,
which required colonial governments to provide barracks and food for British troops sent to
America to protect them.
87. Which of the following statements describes the Stamp Act Congress, which was held in New
York in 1765? The delegates protested loss of American liberties and challenged the act’s
constitutionality.
88. Members of activist groups, such as the Sons of Liberty, were typically which of the following?
Artisans, shopkeepers, poor laborers and seamen
89. Which of the following factors as among that that motivated many merchants, artisans, and
journeymen to protest against the Stamp Act? Fear that they personal liberty would be
undermined.
90. In which of the following ways did the Rockingham ministry in Britain fashion a compromise to
the Stamp Act crisis in 1766? It repealed the Stamp Act, lowered the molasses tax, and crafted
the Declaratory Act.
AP US HISTORY FIRST QUARTER ASSESSSMENT REVIEW SHEET
Mr. Peterson
91. The Townshend Acts of 1767 imposed duties on which of the following goods? Paper, paint,
glass, and tea imported into the colonies
92. How did the Stamp Act crisis of 1765 compare to the crisis over the Townshend duties in 1768?
The stakes had risen: In 1765, American resistance to taxation had provoked an argument in
Parliament; in 1768, it produced a British plan for military coercion.
93. Which Patriot leader persuaded Bostonians to create the first committee of correspondence?
Samuel Adams.
94. Which of the following was the purpose of the Tea Act imposed by Parliament on the colonies in
May 1773? The British needed to bail out the financially strapped British East India Company.
95. Why did radical Patriots in the colonies object to the Tea Act of 1773? They saw it as a bribe to
eliminate colonial tax resistance.
96. The 1774 Coercive Acts applied to which of the following colonies: Massachusetts only
97. Why did d New England’s resent the Quebec Act of 1774? It recognized Catholicism as the
official religion of Quebec.
98. Which of the following events took place during the Second Continental Congress in 1775?
George Washington became head of the Continental Army.
99. Who led the moderate faction at the Second Continental Congress and won approval of a
petition expressing loyalty to George III and asking for a repeal of oppressive parliamentary
legislation: John Dickinson
100.
Why was the popular pamphlet entitled Common Sense significant: It called for
republicanism and convinced many colonists of the need to fight for American independence.
ESSAY QUESTIONS:
1. What were the major social and environmental developments that made America a new world for
both Europeans and Indians?
2. How did British policies in the late 17th and early 18th century shape the American colonies and the
British/American relationship?
ESSAY:
1. In what ways did the Enlightenment and the Great Awakening prompt Americans to challenge
traditional sources of authority?
AP US HISTORY FIRST QUARTER ASSESSSMENT REVIEW SHEET
Mr. Peterson
2. What happened between 1763 and 1776 to deepen colonists’ sense of common cause? What
political and cultural resources did they share in common as they drew together to resist
imperial authority? How did they organize to oppose British power so effectively?
3. Trace the key events in both Britain and America from 1763 to 1776 that forged the Patriot
movement. Why did those in Parliament believe that the arguments of the rebellious colonists
were not justified? How did the Patriots gain the widespread support of the colonists?
4. How was rhetoric about slavery and freedom employed by the American colonists during the
years between 1763 and 1776? How did white colonists apply such rhetoric to themselves?
How did it affect the experiences of African American slaves?
5. The narrative suggests that the war for American independence was not inevitable and the
British Empire could have been saved. Do you agree? Was there a point during the imperial
crisis at which peaceful compromise was possible?