Download Learning poetry down on IPAD Street Meter = The pattern of

Learning poetry down on
Free Verse Techniques – Figures of Speech (Assonance, Alliteration, Consonance)
Meter = The pattern of stressed
and unstressed
syllables in poetry

Example of Assonance: Identity or similarity in
sound between internal vowels in neighboring
words.
Foot = a metrical unit of poetry,
typically comprised of 2 or 3
stressed and unstressed
syllables
IPAD ST
Dear Mama by Tupac Shakur
You are appreciated
When I was young me and my mama had beef
Seventeen years old kicked me out on the streets
Though back at the time, I never thought I'd see her face
[ The “ee” vowel sound]
Ain't a woman alive that could take my mama's place
Suspended from school, and scared to go home, I was a fool

Example of Alliteration:
The repetition of an
initial consonant sound.
Dear Mama by Tupac Shakur
…with the big boys, breaking all the rules
[“b” in ‘big boys, breaking’]
I shed tears with my baby sister
Over the years we was poorer than the other little kids
And even though we had different daddies, the same drama [“d” in ‘different
daddies’…’drama’]

Example of Consonance a poetic device characterized
by the repetition of the same consonant two or more times
in short succession, as in "pitter patter"
Iambic = Unstressed, Stressed
Phyrric = Unstressed, Unstressed
Anapestic = Unstressed,
Unstressed,
Stressed
Dactylic = Stressed, Unstressed,
Unstressed
Spondaic = Stressed, Stressed
Trochaic = Stressed, Unstressed
Foot measurements per line of
verse
Dimeter = 2 feet
Trimeter = 3 feet
Tetrameter = 4 feet
Pentameter = 5 feet
Hexameter = 6 feet
Heptameter = 7 feet
Octameter = 8 feet
Verse = A single metrical line in a
poetic composition; one line of
poetry
Stanza = A fixed number of lines
of verse forming a
unit of poetry (similar to a
paragraph in prose)
Stanza Names
2 verses = Couplet
3 verses = Tercet
4 verses = Quatrain
5 verses = Cinquain
6 verses = Sestet
7 verses = Septet
8 verses = Octave
Dear Mama by Tupac Shakur
…and even as a crack fiend, mama
You always was a black queen, mama
I finally understand
For a woman it ain’t easy tryin to raise a man
Slash = Represents Stressed “/“
Breve = Represents Unstress “u”
IPAD Street
Genre of Poetry:
Sonnet = Fourteen-line rhyming lyric poem in iambic pentameter. Common
Shakespearean (abab cdcd efef gg). Petrarchan (abba abba cde cde)
Expresses feelings or thoughts.
Elegy = a poem of mourning, usually for someone who has died
Ode = a lyrical poem written on a serious subject and in dignified language
Ballad = a narrative poem, usually tells a tragic story, has a steady rhyme
and a refrain
Free Verse = poetry that does not conform to meter or rhyme scheme
FIGURES OF SPEECH
1.
Alliteration
The repetition of an initial consonant
sound.
2.
Assonance
Identity or similarity in sound
between internal vowels in neighboring words.
3.
Euphemism
The substitution of an inoffensive
term for one considered offensively explicit.
4.
Hyperbole
An extravagant statement; the use of
exaggerated terms for the purpose of emphasis or
heightened effect.
5.
Irony
The use of words to convey the opposite of
their literal meaning. A statement or situation
where the meaning is contradicted by the
appearance or presentation of the idea.
6.
Metaphor
An implied comparison between two
unlike things that actually have something
important in common.
7.
Metonymy
A figure of speech in which one word
or phrase is substituted for another with which it is
closely associated
8.
Onomatopoeia
The use of words that imitate
the sounds associated with the objects or actions
they refer to.
9.
Consonance a poetic device characterized by the
repetition of the same consonant two or more
times in short succession, as in "pitter patter"
10.
Personification
A figure of speech in which an
inanimate object or abstraction is endowed with
human qualities or abilities.
11.
Pun
A play on words.
12.
Simile
A stated comparison (usually formed with
"like" or "as") between two fundamentally
dissimilar things that have certain qualities in
common.
Volta = A point of dramatic
change in poem
Scanning = determining the poem’s meter
Free Verse Techniques – Figures of Speech (Assonance, Alliteration, Consonance)
Learning poetry down on
IPAD Street
Meter = The pattern of stressed
and unstressed syllables in poetry

Example of Assonance: Identity or similarity in sound
between internal vowels in neighboring words.
Dear Mama by Tupac Shakur
You are appreciated
When I was young me and my mama had beef
Seventeen years old kicked me out on the streets
Though back at the time, I never thought I'd see her face
[ The “ee” vowel sound]
Ain't a woman alive that could take my mama's place
Suspended from school, and scared to go home, I was a fool

Example of Alliteration:
The repetition of an initial
consonant sound.
Dear Mama by Tupac Shakur
…with the big boys, breaking all the rules
[“b” in ‘big boys, breaking’]
I shed tears with my baby sister
Over the years we was poorer than the other little kids
And even though we had different daddies, the same drama [“d” in ‘different daddies’…’drama’]

Example of Consonance a poetic device characterized by
the repetition of the same consonant two or more times in short
succession, as in "pitter patter"
Dear Mama by Tupac Shakur
…and even as a crack fiend, mama
You always was a black queen, mama
I finally understand
For a woman it ain’t easy tryin to raise a man
Genre of Poetry:
Foot = a metrical unit of poetry,
typically comprised of 2 or 3
stressed and unstressed
syllables
Sonnet = Fourteen-line rhyming lyric poem in iambic pentameter. Common
Shakespearean (abab cdcd efef gg). Petrarchan (abba abba cde cde)
Expresses feelings or thoughts.
IPAD ST
Elegy = a poem of mourning, usually for someone who has died
Iambic = Unstressed, Stressed
Phyrric = Unstressed, Unstressed
Anapestic = Unstressed,
Unstressed, Stressed
Dactylic = Stressed, Unstressed,
Unstressed
Spondaic = Stressed, Stressed
Trochaic = Stressed, Unstressed
Ode = a lyrical poem written on a serious subject and in dignified language
Foot measurements per line of
verse
Dimeter = 2 feet
Trimeter = 3 feet
Tetrameter = 4 feet
Pentameter = 5 feet
Hexameter = 6 feet
Heptameter = 7 feet
Octameter = 8 feet
Verse = A single metrical line in a
poetic composition; one line of
poetry
Stanza = A fixed number of lines
of verse forming a
unit of poetry (similar to a
paragraph in prose)
Stanza Names
2 verses = Couplet
3 verses = Tercet
4 verses = Quatrain
5 verses = Cinquain
6 verses = Sestet
7 verses = Septet
8 verses = Octave
Slash = Represents Stressed “/“
Breve = Represents Unstress “u”
Volta = A point of dramatic
change in poem
Scanning = determining the
poem’s meter
Ballad = a narrative poem, usually tells a tragic story, has a steady rhyme
and a refrain
Free Verse = poetry that does not conform to meter or rhyme scheme
FIGURES OF SPEECH
1.
Alliteration
The repetition of an initial consonant
sound.
2.
Assonance
Identity or similarity in sound
between internal vowels in neighboring words.
3.
Euphemism
The substitution of an inoffensive
term for one considered offensively explicit.
4.
Hyperbole
An extravagant statement; the use of
exaggerated terms for the purpose of
emphasis or heightened effect.
5.
Irony
The use of words to convey the opposite of
their literal meaning. A statement or situation
where the meaning is contradicted by the
appearance or presentation of the idea.
6.
Metaphor
An implied comparison between two
unlike things that actually have something
important in common.
7.
Metonymy
A figure of speech in which one word
or phrase is substituted for another with which
it is closely associated
8.
Onomatopoeia
The use of words that imitate
the sounds associated with the objects or
actions they refer to.
9.
Consonance a poetic device characterized by the
repetition of the same consonant two or more
times in short succession, as in "pitter patter"
10.
Personification
A figure of speech in which an
inanimate object or abstraction is endowed
with human qualities or abilities.
11.
Pun
A play on words.
12.
Simile
A stated comparison (usually formed with
"like" or "as") between two fundamentally
dissimilar things that have certain qualities in
common.
13.
"like" or "as") between two fundamentally
dissimilar things that have certain qualities in
common.