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Human Body Systems I. Levels of Organization A. Cells Organ Systems B. Tissue: C. Organ: D. Organ system: E. The 11 systems of the body work together to maintain __________________ II. Systems Name Structures Nervous Integumentary Skeletal Muscular Circulatory Respiratory Function Coordinates the body’s response to changes in its internal and external environments Barrier against infection and injury; helps regulate body temp; provides protection against UV rays Supports body; protects organs; allows movement; store minerals; produces red blood cells Works with the skeletal system to produce voluntary movement; helps circulate blood and move food through the digestive system Brings O2, nutrients, and hormones to cells; fights infections; regulates body temp Nose, pharynx, larynx, trachea, bronchi, bronchioles, alveoli, lungs Digestive Converts food into simpler molecules that can be used by cells of the body; absorbs food Excretory Eliminates waste products of metabolism from the body; maintains homeostasis Endocrine Reproductive Lymphatic Hypothalamus, pituitary, thyroid, parathyroids, adrenals, pancreas, ovaries, testes Males: testes, epididymis, vas deferens, urethra, and penis Females: ovaries, Fallopian tube, uterus, and vagina Helps protect the body from disease; collects fluid from lost blood vessels and returns the fluid to the circulatory system The _____________________ system consists of many of these different systems. III. Types of tissues A. ________________ tissue: i. most abundant tissue in body ii. controls the internal movement of materials iii. controls the external movements of the body iv. ex. heart B. ________________ tissue: i. cells are closely packed ii. covers the surface of the body iii. lines internal organs iv. glands are made up from this type of tissue v. ex. lines heart chamber to prevent fluid leakage C. ________________ tissue: i. holds organs in place ii. binds different parts of the body together iii. keeps organs flexible, but strong iv. pads and insulates some body parts v. ex. tendons and ligaments D. _________________ tissue i. receives messages from the body’s external and internal environments, analyses the data, and directs the response ii. ex. nervous tissue in the heart controls the rate at which it beats IV. Maintaining Homeostasis A. The cells of the body must be kept at a temperature within a specific range, supplied with energy through cellular respiration, bathed in fluid, and cleansed of their waste products. B. ________________________________ (Negative Feedback System) i. ii. Process by which the product of a system shuts down the system or limits it operation works like a thermostat iii. ex. ______________________ (in brain) contains nerve cells that monitor the body’s temperature 1. if temp is ________, the hypothalamus produces chemical signals that ______________ cell activity which produces heat 2. The hypothalamus detects increase in temp which will _____________ the production of those chemicals which prevents temps from rising to dangerous levels