Download Life On Earth, 5e (Audesirk)

Life on Earth, 5e (Audesirk)
Chapter 2 Atoms, Molecules, and Life
Using the figure provided, answer the following questions.
Figure 02-01
1) In Figure 02-01, the large spheres represent the element ________ and have a partially ________ electrical
charge.
A) hydrogen; neutral
B) hydrogen; positive
C) oxygen; positive
D) hydrogen; negative
E) oxygen; negative
Answer: E
Diff: 2
Skill: Factual
Objective: Section 2.2, 2.3
2) In Figure 02-01, the small spheres represent the element ________ and have a partially ________ electrical
charge.
A) hydrogen; positive
B) oxygen; positive
C) hydrogen; negative
D) oxygen; negative
E) hydrogen; neutral
Answer: A
Diff: 2
Skill: Factual
Objective: Section 2.2, 2.3
1
3) In Figure 02-01, what do the dotted lines represent?
A) energy shells
B) covalent bonds
C) electrons
D) ionic bonds
E) hydrogen bonds
Answer: E
Diff: 1
Skill: Conceptual
Objective: Section 2.2, 2.3
Using the figure provided, answer the following questions.
Figure 02-02
4) Figure 02-02 shows a reaction that combines two amino acids. Which two functional groups interact to form
the bond?
A) amino and carboxyl
B) the R group and carboxyl
C) amino and hydroxyl
D) amino and the R group
E) carboxyl and hydroxyl
Answer: A
Diff: 2
Skill: Conceptual
Objective: Section 2.8
5) In Figure 02-02, what type of bond is formed between the two amino acids?
A) amino bond
B) ionic bond
C) peptide bond
D) hydrogen bond
E) disulfide bond
Answer: C
Diff: 2
Skill: Factual
Objective: Section 2.8
6) What type of chemical reaction does Figure 02-02 depict?
A) dehydration synthesis
B) denaturation
C) hydrophobic
D) hydrolysis
E) hydrophilic
Answer: A
Diff: 2
Skill: Conceptual
Objective: Section 2.5
2
7) A substance with specific properties that cannot be broken down or converted to another substance is a(n):
A) element.
B) compound.
C) ion.
D) molecule.
E) atom.
Answer: A
Diff: 1
Skill: Factual
Objective: Section 2.1
8) What determines the atomic number of an atom?
A) the total number of energy shells
B) the total number of electrons and neutrons in the atomic nucleus
C) the number of electrons in the outermost energy level
D) the number of neutrons in the atomic nucleus
E) the number of protons in the atomic nucleus
Answer: E
Diff: 2
Skill: Factual
Objective: Section 2.1
9) Why is a helium atom (atomic number = 2) more stable than a hydrogen atom
A) Two electrons completely fill its outermost electron shell.
B) Eight electrons completely fill its outermost electron shell.
C) One electron is in its outermost electron shell, which is partially full.
D) Eight electrons are in its outermost electron shell, which is partially full.
E) Two electrons are in its outermost electron shell, which is partially full.
Answer: A
Diff: 2
Skill: Conceptual
Objective: Section 2.2
10) Sodium (Na), with an atomic number of 11, has a tendency to lose an electron in the presence of chlorine.
After losing the electron, Na will have ________ protons in its nucleus.
A) 12
B) 22
C) 10
D) 21
E) 11
Answer: E
Diff: 2
Skill: Conceptual
Objective: Section 2.1, 2.2
3
11) For an atom to achieve maximum stability and become chemically unreactive:
A) sharing of electron pairs must occur.
B) its outermost energy shell must be filled with electrons.
C) loss of electrons must occur.
D) the number of electrons must equal the number of protons.
E) ionization must occur.
Answer: B
Diff: 2
Skill: Conceptual
Objective: Section 2.3
12) An atom's nucleus is composed of:
A) protons only.
B) neutrons and electrons.
C) protons and electrons.
D) neutrons only.
E) protons and neutrons.
Answer: E
Diff: 1
Skill: Factual
Objective: Section 2.2
13) How do ions form?
A) gain or loss of electrons
B) gain or loss of protons
C) sharing of electrons
D) gain or loss of neutrons
E) sharing of protons
Answer: A
Diff: 2
Skill: Factual
Objective: Section 2.3
14) The formation of sodium chloride (NaCl) is the result of:
A) hydrogen bonding.
B) equal sharing of electrons.
C) attraction between oppositely charged atoms.
D) unequal sharing of electrons.
E) the action of water molecules.
Answer: C
Diff: 2
Skill: Factual
Objective: Section 2.3
15) Atoms or molecules that have gained or lost electrons are termed:
A) ions.
B) acids.
C) polymers.
D) bases.
E) buffers.
Answer: A
Diff: 1
Skill: Factual
Objective: Section 2.2
4
16) Phosphorus has an atomic number of 15, so what will be the distribution of its electrons?
A) Electron arrangement cannot be determined from the atomic number.
B) The first energy level will have 8 and the second will have 7.
C) The first energy level will have 2 and the second will have 13.
D) The first energy level will have 2, the second will have 8, and the third will have 5.
E) The first, second, and third energy levels will each have 5 electrons.
Answer: D
Diff: 2
Skill: Conceptual
Objective: Section 2.1
17) Which of the following BEST explains why a particular atom does not form compounds readily?
A) The atom has an uneven number of protons.
B) The atom has seven electrons in its outer shells.
C) The atom's outer energy levels are completely full.
D) The atom has different numbers of protons and neutrons.
E) The atom has no electrons.
Answer: C
Diff: 2
Skill: Application
Objective: Section 2.2
18) The element carbon has an atomic number of six. Carbon would most likely:
A) form four ionic bonds.
B) form two hydrogen bonds.
C) form four covalent bonds.
D) donate two electrons to another atom.
E) form two covalent bonds.
Answer: C
Diff: 2
Skill: Application
Objective: Section 2.2
19) Calcium, which has an atomic number of 20, can form ions. How many electrons might a calcium ion have?
A) 10
B) 18
C) 20
D) 8
E) 2
Answer: B
Diff: 1
Skill: Application
Objective: Section 2.1, 2.2
20) Polar covalent bonds form when:
A) more than one pair of electrons is shared.
B) atoms from two molecules are attracted to each other.
C) an acid and a base are combined.
D) electrons are shared unequally between atoms.
E) ions are formed.
Answer: D
Diff: 1
Skill: Factual
Objective: Section 2.2
5
21) Which of the following represents a molecule characterized by polar covalent bonding?
A) O2
B) H2O
C) H2
D) NaCl
E) CH4
Answer: B
Diff: 2
Skill: Factual
Objective: Section 2.2
22) Which of the following bonds is most easily disrupted in aqueous (water) solutions?
A) hydrogen
B) covalent
C) polar covalent
D) ionic
E) peptide
Answer: D
Diff: 2
Skill: Conceptual
Objective: Section 2.2
23) If sulfur has an atomic number of 16, how many covalent bonds can it form?
A) 4
B) 0
C) 2
D) 8
E) 6
Answer: C
Diff: 2
Skill: Conceptual
Objective: Section 2.1, 2.2
24) A single covalent chemical bond represents the sharing of how many electrons?
A) 1
B) 0
C) 4
D) 2
E) 8
Answer: D
Diff: 2
Skill: Factual
Objective: Section 2.2
6
25) Polar molecules:
A) have an equal distribution of electric charge.
B) have no overall electric charge.
C) have an overall negative electric charge.
D) result from a transfer of electrons from one atom to another.
E) have an overall positive electric charge.
Answer: B
Diff: 2
Skill: Factual
Objective: Section 2.2
26) The hydrogen bond between two water molecules arises because water is:
A) ionic.
B) unstable.
C) nonpolar.
D) polar.
E) hydrophobic.
Answer: D
Diff: 1
Skill: Conceptual
Objective: Section 2.2
27) Which statement is an accurate description of water molecules?
A) They are uncharged and nonpolar.
B) They are charged and polar.
C) They are uncharged and ionic.
D) They are charged and nonpolar.
E) They are uncharged and polar.
Answer: E
Diff: 2
Skill: Factual
Objective: Section 2.2
28) Which of the following is an example of hydrogen bonding?
A) The bond between O of one water molecule and H of a second water molecule.
B) The bond between the H of a water molecule and the H of a hydrogen molecule.
C) The bond between H of one water molecule and H of a second water molecule.
D) The bond between O of one water molecule and O of a second water molecule.
E) The bond between O and H in a single molecule of water.
Answer: A
Diff: 2
Skill: Factual
Objective: Section 2.2
29) What happens when hydrochloric acid (HCl) is added to pure water?
A) There is a decrease in H+ ions in the water.
B) The HCl forms a molecular complex with water.
C) The HCl molecules separate into H+ and Cl- ions.
D) Water dissociates and OH- ions are released.
E) The pH of the solution increases.
Answer: C
Diff: 2
Skill: Factual
Objective: Section 2.3
7
30) If a substance measures 7 on the pH scale, that substance:
A) probably lacks OH- ions.
B) has an equal concentration of H+ and OH- ions.
C) has no free H+ ions.
D) has a greater concentration of OH- than H+ ions.
E) is basic.
Answer: B
Diff: 2
Skill: Conceptual
Objective: Section 2.3
31) A solution with a neutral pH:
A) has a pH of 0.
B) has no OH-.
C) has equal amounts of H+ and OH-.
D) is hydrophobic.
E) has no H+.
Answer: C
Diff: 2
Skill: Factual
Objective: Section 2.3
32) How do buffers work?
A) They monitor the blood pH.
B) They accept or release OH-.
C) They convert H+ and OH- to water.
D) They accept or release H+.
E) They bind extra acid and base.
Answer: D
Diff: 3
Skill: Conceptual
Objective: Section 2.3
33) The fact that salt dissolves in water is BEST explained by:
A) the hydrophobic nature of salt.
B) the hydrophobic nature of the water.
C) the polar nature of water molecules.
D) the uncharged nature of water molecules.
E) the ionic nature of water molecules.
Answer: C
Diff: 2
Skill: Conceptual
Objective: Section 2.3
8
34) Hydrophilic molecules:
A) are formed by breaking apart water.
B) are chemically unreactive.
C) form hydrogen bonds among themselves.
D) are neutral and nonpolar.
E) do not readily dissolve in water.
Answer: C
Diff: 2
Skill: Factual
Objective: Section 2.3
35) Water is considered a good solvent because:
A) it can form hydrogen bonds with other polar molecules.
B) it dissolves all polymers.
C) it dissolves all organic molecules.
D) it dissolves all molecules.
E) it dissolves all covalently bonded molecules.
Answer: A
Diff: 2
Skill: Conceptual
Objective: Section 2.3
36) Water moves through a plant because of the property of:
A) high heat of vaporization.
B) high specific heat.
C) cohesion.
D) adhesion.
E) high heat of fusion.
Answer: C
Diff: 2
Skill: Conceptual
Objective: Section 2.3
37) What determines the cohesiveness of water molecules?
A) covalent bonds
B) hydrophobic interactions
C) ionic bonds
D) hydrogen bonds
E) all of the above
Answer: D
Diff: 2
Skill: Conceptual
Objective: Section 2.3
9
38) If you place a paper towel in a dish of water, the water will move through the towel by capillary action.
What property of water gives rise to capillary action?
A) Water is a good solvent.
B) Water takes up large amounts of heat when it vaporizes.
C) Water molecules separate into H+ and OH- ions.
D) Water molecules have hydrophobic interactions.
E) Water can form hydrogen bonds.
Answer: E
Diff: 1
Skill: Application
Objective: Section 2.3
39) In general, a substance composed of atoms that carry a full or partial electrical charge can dissolve in water.
Given this fact, which of the following would most likely NOT dissolve in water?
A) polar covalent molecules
B) nonpolar covalent molecules
C) hydrogen-bonded molecules
D) large molecules
E) ionic compounds
Answer: B
Diff: 2
Skill: Application
Objective: Section 2.3
40) You place a paper clip on the surface of a bowl of water. You observe that the paper clip remains suspended
on the surface. This is due to the:
A) surface tension of the water.
B) density of the water.
C) polarity of the water molecules.
D) fact the water is a good solvent.
E) high specific heat of water.
Answer: A
Diff: 1
Skill: Application
Objective: Section 2.3
41) You drop a handful of salt into a glass of water. Which of the following BEST describes what is happening
inside the glass at the molecular level?
A) The partially charged hydrogen atoms of the water molecules are attracted to chloride ions.
B) The partially charged oxygen atoms of the water molecules are attracted to chloride ions.
C) Water and sodium form a covalent bond.
D) Sodium and chloride ions form a covalent bond.
E) The partially charged hydrogen atoms of the water molecules are attracted to sodium ions.
Answer: A
Diff: 2
Skill: Conceptual
Objective: Section 2.3
10
42) Large biological molecules are synthesized by removing:
A) only carbon atoms.
B) water molecules.
C) carbon dioxide molecules.
D) only hydrogen atoms.
E) only oxygen atoms.
Answer: B
Diff: 1
Skill: Factual
Objective: Section 2.5
43) What type of chemical reaction results in the breakdown of organic polymers into their respective subunits?
A) ionization
B) condensation
C) reduction
D) oxidation
E) hydrolysis
Answer: E
Diff: 2
Skill: Factual
Objective: Section 2.5
44) What do carbohydrates, lipids, and proteins have in common?
A) They are important components of an animal's diet.
B) Each of these organic molecules has a carbon backbone with various functional groups attached.
C) Covalent bonding holds these molecules together.
D) Monomers of these organic molecules form polymers by way of condensation reactions.
E) all of the above
Answer: E
Diff: 2
Skill: Conceptual
Objective: Section 2.5, 2.6, 2.7, 2.8
45) Which of the following correctly matches an organic polymer with its respective monomers?
A) protein and amino acids
B) DNA and ATP
C) lipid and steroids
D) carbohydrates and polysaccharides
E) hydrocarbon and monosaccharides
Answer: A
Diff: 2
Skill: Factual
Objective: Section 2.5, 2.6, 2.7, 2.8, 2.9
46) Which of the following BEST summarizes the relationship between dehydration reactions and hydrolysis?
A) Hydrolysis occurs during the day and dehydration happens at night.
B) Dehydration reactions occur only in animals and hydrolysis reactions occur only in plants.
C) Hydrolysis creates monomers and dehydration reactions destroy them.
D) Dehydration reactions can occur only after hydrolysis.
E) Dehydration reactions assemble polymers and hydrolysis breaks them down.
Answer: E
Diff: 2
Skill: Conceptual
Objective: Section 2.5
11
This question is concerned with the following chemical reaction:
Glucose + fructose -------- 1.-------> sucrose + water
<-------- 2.-------47) Which molecule is the disaccharide?
A) fructose
B) glucose
C) sucrose
D) water
E) none of these
Answer: C
Diff: 1
Skill: Factual/Conceptual
Objective: Section 2.6
48) The fiber in your diet is composed of:
A) chitin.
B) cartilage.
C) protein.
D) cellulose.
E) starch.
Answer: D
Diff: 2
Skill: Factual
Objective: Section 2.6
49) Chitin is an example of a:
A) disaccharide.
B) lipid.
C) monosaccharide.
D) protein.
E) polysaccharide.
Answer: E
Diff: 2
Skill: Factual
Objective: Section 2.6
50) Where is glycogen stored in vertebrate animals?
A) brain and kidneys
B) heart and bones
C) pancreas and blood
D) liver and muscles
E) liver and heart
Answer: D
Diff: 3
Skill: Factual
Objective: Section 2.6
12
51) ________ is an example of a structural polysaccharide.
A) Glycogen
B) Starch
C) Chitin
D) Glucose
E) Fructose
Answer: C
Diff: 2
Skill: Factual
Objective: Section 2.6
52) Which of the following provides long-term energy storage for plants?
A) glycogen
B) glucose
C) starch
D) chitin
E) cellulose
Answer: C
Diff: 2
Skill: Factual
Objective: Section 2.6
53) In humans, the first phase of dental cavity formation involves the S. mutans bacterium in the mouth causing
the hydrolysis of the disaccharide sugar sucrose. Which of the following would be the result of this reaction?
A) lactose
B) glycogen
C) starch and water
D) glucose and fructose
E) galactose
Answer: D
Diff: 2
Skill: Factual/Application
Objective: Section 2.6
54) Starch is to glycogen as ________ is to ________.
A) carbon; protein
B) hydrolysis; condensation
C) steroid; fatty acid
D) RNA; DNA
E) glucose; chitin
Answer: D
Diff: 3
Skill: Conceptual
Objective: Section 2.6, 2.7, 2.8, 2.9
13
55) Which type of lipid is most important in biological membranes?
A) phospholipids
B) oils
C) triglycerides
D) steroids
E) fats
Answer: A
Diff: 2
Skill: Conceptual
Objective: Section 2.7
56) Which of the following is insoluble in water?
A) oil
B) amino acids
C) salt
D) DNA
E) sucrose
Answer: A
Diff: 1
Skill: Factual
Objective: Section 2.6, 2.7, 2.8, 2.9
57) Cholesterol, testosterone, estrogen, and ecdysone are all examples of:
A) fatty acids.
B) proteins.
C) hormones.
D) waxes.
E) steroids.
Answer: E
Diff: 2
Skill: Factual
Objective: Section 2.7
58) How does one account for the nonpolar, hydrophobic nature of fats?
A) The fatty acids are linked to large long-chained alcohols.
B) Carboxyl groups (-COOH) are not present in fats.
C) Carbon and hydrogen atoms share electrons equally.
D) Glycerol is not water soluble.
E) Fats lack both double and triple bonds.
Answer: C
Diff: 3
Skill: Conceptual
Objective: Section 2.7
59) What are fats composed of?
A) three glycerols and their fatty acids
B) three oils and one glycerol
C) two fatty acids and one carboxyl acid
D) three fatty acids and one glycerol
E) one glycogen and two phospholipids
Answer: D
Diff: 2
Skill: Factual
Objective: Section 2.7
14
60) The role of phospholipids in cell structure is:
A) as an important energy carrier molecule.
B) for long-term energy storage.
C) to lubricate joints and waterproof surfaces.
D) as a part of DNA nucleotides.
E) as a primary component of cell membranes.
Answer: E
Diff: 2
Skill: Factual
Objective: Section 2.7
61) Lard is solid at room temperature because the fats of which it is composed are:
A) unsaturated fats.
B) hydrophobic.
C) hydrolyzed.
D) saturated fats.
E) mostly phospholipids.
Answer: D
Diff: 2
Skill: Application
Objective: Section 2.7
62) A trans fat is formed when food manufacturers turn liquid oils into solid fats by adding hydrogen to
vegetable oils. A solid is formed because the addition of hydrogen:
A) causes a phospholipid to form.
B) allows the fats to assume a tertiary structure.
C) results in hydrogen bonding between fat molecules.
D) allows the fatty acid chains to pack tightly together.
E) results in the formation of a wax molecule.
Answer: D
Diff: 3
Skill: Application
Objective: Section 2.7
63) The fat substitute Olestra contains a sucrose backbone with six to eight fatty acids attached. This differs from
naturally occurring fats in that naturally occurring fats contain:
A) sucrose, two fatty acids, and a phosphate group.
B) a glycerol and three fatty acids.
C) a glycerol and six to eight fatty acids.
D) a glycerol, two fatty acids, and a phosphate group.
E) a sucrose backbone and three fatty acid chains.
Answer: B
Diff: 2
Skill: Conceptual
Objective: Section 2.7
15
64) You add an unknown liquid from a sample of beans to a beaker of water and shake vigorously. After a few
minutes, the water and the unknown liquid separate into two layers. To which class of biological
macromolecules does the unknown liquid most likely belong?
A) enzymes
B) lipids
C) nucleic acids
D) carbohydrates
E) proteins
Answer: B
Diff: 1
Skill: Application
Objective: Section 2.6, 2.7, 2.8, 2.9
65) In a biological membrane, the phospholipids are arranged with the fatty acid chains facing the interior of the
membrane. As a result, the interior of the membrane is:
A) charged.
B) ionized.
C) hydrophilic.
D) hydrophobic.
E) polar.
Answer: D
Diff: 2
Skill: Conceptual
Objective: Section 2.7
66) The function of a protein is primarily determined by:
A) the number of disulfide bonds.
B) the conformation of its fatty acids.
C) the number of peptide bonds.
D) the sequence of amino acids.
E) a hydrophilic "head" attached to a hydrophobic "tail."
Answer: D
Diff: 1
Skill: Factual
Objective: Section 2.8
67) Specifically, a peptide bond forms between which groups?
A) amino and aldehyde groups
B) carboxyl and amino groups
C) phosphate and hydroxyl groups
D) carboxyl and aldehyde groups
E) hydroxyl and carboxyl groups
Answer: B
Diff: 2
Skill: Factual
Objective: Section 2.8
16
68) What maintains the secondary structure of a protein?
A) hydrogen bonds
B) peptide bonds
C) disulfide bonds
D) ionic bonds
E) all of the above
Answer: A
Diff: 2
Skill: Factual
Objective: Section 2.8
69) Complex three-dimensional tertiary structures of globular proteins are characterized by:
A) a helical shape.
B) an absence of hydrophilic amino acids.
C) a lack of cysteines in amino acid sequence.
D) disulfide bridges.
E) interactions among peptide chains.
Answer: D
Diff: 2
Skill: Factual
Objective: Section 2.8
70) Sequence information in DNA determines which of the following conformational components of proteins?
A) primary
B) secondary
C) tertiary
D) A, B, and C are correct.
E) none of the above
Answer: D
Diff: 3
Skill: Conceptual
Objective: Section 2.8, 2.9
71) A denatured protein differs from a normal protein in that it:
A) contains amino acids.
B) is composed of nucleotides.
C) has no secondary or tertiary structure.
D) has quaternary structure.
E) contains many disulfide bridges.
Answer: C
Diff: 1
Skill: Factual
Objective: Section 2.8
72) The "backbone" of a nucleic acid molecule is made of:
A) nitrogenous bases.
B) pyrimidines.
C) alternating sugar and phosphate groups.
D) nucleosides.
E) purines.
Answer: C
Diff: 1
Skill: Factual
Objective: Section 2.9
17
73) DNA carries genetic information in its:
A) tertiary structure.
B) phosphate groups.
C) sugar groups.
D) helical form.
E) sequence of bases.
Answer: E
Diff: 1
Skill: Factual
Objective: Section 2.9
74) Covalent bonds between nucleotides in DNA are found between:
A) a sugar and a nitrogenous base.
B) a phosphate group and a nitrogenous base.
C) nitrogenous bases.
D) phosphate groups.
E) a sugar and a phosphate group.
Answer: E
Diff: 2
Skill: Factual
Objective: Section 2.9
75) Adenosine triphosphate is an example of a(n):
A) protein.
B) carbohydrate.
C) lipid.
D) nucleotide.
E) amino acid.
Answer: D
Diff: 2
Skill: Factual
Objective: Section 2.6, 2.7, 2.8, 2.9
76) A nucleotide contains:
A) a phosphate, an amino acid, a sugar, and a base.
B) a phosphate, an amino acid, and a base.
C) a phosphate, a sugar, and a base.
D) a phospholipid, a sugar, and an amino acid.
E) a phospholipid, a sugar, and a base.
Answer: C
Diff: 1
Skill: Factual
Objective: Section 2.9
77) Which of these is a nucleotide?
A) amino acid
B) fatty acid
C) ATP
D) glucose
E) glycogen
Answer: C
Diff: 1
Skill: Factual
Objective: Section 2.9
18
78) You have discovered a new virus and have isolated its nucleic acid. What feature could you look for to
determine if the nucleic acid of this virus is RNA or DNA?
A) If it is DNA, there will be equal amounts of cytosine and thymine.
B) If it is RNA, it will contain thymine.
C) If it is RNA, it will contain uracil.
D) If it is DNA, it will not contain thymine.
E) If it is RNA, there will be no adenine.
Answer: C
Diff: 2
Skill: Application
Objective: Section 2.9
Using the scenario provided, answer the following questions.
You have been given four chemical samples. Your task is to analyze them and assign them to one of four categories, based
on the experimental results: carbohydrate, lipid, protein, or nucleic acid. Using your knowledge of the chemical
properties and compositions of each of these types of compounds, determine the type of compound each sample contains.
79) Samples 1, 2, and 4 are soluble in water; Sample 3 is not. Sample 3 is likely to be a:
A) nucleic acid.
B) lipid.
C) carbohydrate.
D) protein.
E) The answer cannot be determined from this evidence.
Answer: B
Diff: 2
Skill: Application
Objective: Section 2.6, 2.7, 2.8, 2.9
80) Samples 1 and 2 contain substantial amounts of nitrogen; samples 3 and 4 do not. Based on this evidence,
samples 1 and 2 could be:
A) carbohydrate or nucleic acid.
B) lipid or nucleic acid.
C) protein or nucleic acid.
D) lipid or protein.
E) carbohydrate or protein.
Answer: C
Diff: 2
Skill: Application
Objective: Section 2.6, 2.7, 2.8, 2.9
81) Sample 2 contains a substantial amount of phosphorus. It is likely to be either:
A) lipid or protein.
B) carbohydrate or lipid.
C) nucleic acid or lipid.
D) carbohydrate or protein.
E) nucleic acid or protein.
Answer: C
Diff: 3
Skill: Application
Objective: Section 2.6, 2.7, 2.8, 2.9
19
82) Sample 4 has equal amounts of carbon and oxygen, and twice as much hydrogen as carbon; the other
samples do not. What type of compound is Sample 4 likely to be?
A) nucleic acid
B) carbohydrate
C) protein
D) lipid
E) The answer cannot be determined from this evidence.
Answer: B
Diff: 2
Skill: Application
Objective: Section 2.6, 2.7, 2.8, 2.9
83) Based on all of the experimental evidence, what type of compound is Sample 1?
A) lipid
B) protein
C) carbohydrate
D) nucleic acid
E) The answer cannot be determined from this evidence.
Answer: B
Diff: 3
Skill: Application
Objective: Section 2.6, 2.7, 2.8, 2.9
84) Based on all of the experimental evidence, what type of compound is Sample 2?
A) protein
B) carbohydrate
C) nucleic acid
D) lipid
E) The answer cannot be determined from this evidence.
Answer: C
Diff: 3
Skill: Application
Objective: Section 2.6, 2.7, 2.8, 2.9
20