Download Quest Review Answers 2014

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Cells Quest Review
Cell Theory Questions:
This theory can be summarized in three statements:
1. All living things are made of cells.
2. Cells are the basic units of structure and function in living things
3. Living cells come only from other living cells
Cell Membrane Questions:
1. The thin layer that covers the cell and regulates substances that pass through it is called the
cell membrane.
2. What kinds of cells have both a cell wall and a cell membrane?
Plant cells
Cell Wall Questions:
1. Only plant cells have cell walls. Animal cells do not have cell walls.
2. Cell walls are the outer layer of plant cells.
3. The cell wall provides support (so that the plant can grow tall) and protection for the plant
cell.
4. The cell wall is what makes plants strong/rigid/unflexible/stable/stiff.
5. Cell wall are made of cellulose.
Cytoplasm Questions:
1. Define cytoplasm. – gel-like fluid that fills the region between the cell membrane and the
nucleus
2. List the names of at least 4 organelles that are found in the cytoplasm of eukaryotic cells.
Vacuole, ribosomes, ER, mitochondria, chloroplast, golgi body, lysosome, nucleus
Ribosome Questions:
1. What kind of organelle is found in every kind of cell? - ribosome
2. What do ribosomes do? – produce proteins
3. Where are ribosomes found in a cell?
- floating in the cytoplasm or attached to the ER
Mitochondria Questions:
1. Why are mitochondria called the powerhouse of the cell? - it is where most of the cell’s
energy is produced
Endoplasmic Reticulum Questions:
1. The endoplasmic reticulum (ER) is made up of a network of tubes/canals and sacs.
2. What other organelles does the ER work with in the cell? ribosomes and golgi body
Golgi Bodies Questions:
1. What are important functions that are done by the Golgi complex? the golgi body receives
materials, sorts materials, then ships the materials to parts of the cell
2. What is the relationship between the Golgi complex and the endoplasmic reticulum?
golgi body receives materials from the ER
- the
Vacuole Questions:
1. I can compared vacuoles to backpacks. Write a simile of your own that describes the function
of a vacuole.
2. What are two things that are stored in a vacuole? - water and food
Nucleus Questions:
1. Explain why I can compare a nucleus to a brain. - both are the control centers
2. What kinds of things are inside of a nucleus? - chromosomes/chromatin, nucleolus
3. What is DNA responsible for? – the genetic material that carries information about an
organism and is passed from parent to offspring
Chloroplast Questions:
1. Why are chloroplasts important? – they are responsible for capturing/converting sunlight and
use it to produce food for the cell
2. What is found in the chloroplast? - chlorophyll
3. Animal cells do not have chloroplasts. Therefore, they cannot make their own food.
Lysosome Questions:
1. The overall purpose of a lysosome in a cell is to break-down things.
2. What does a lysosome do? – contain chemicals that break down food particles and worn-out
cell parts
3. Why are lysosomes like our digestive system and immune system? - digestive (both break
down material/particles; immune (gets rid of threats)
Cells, Tissues, Muscles, Organs, Systems, Organism Questions:
1. A group of cells that work together to do a special job make up a tissue.
2. Groups of tissues that do special jobs make up organ. Your brain is an organ.
3. A group of organs that work together make up a system. For example, you have a nervous
system. Your brain, nerves, eyes and ears are some organs in your nervous system.
Cell – tissue – muscle - organ – organ system – organism
Cell Analogy
Once upon a time, in the land of Tewksbury, there lived a queen in a kingdom known far and wide
for its charming wooden toys. All of the subjects in the kingdom took part in the creation of
these wooden toys. The kingdom was designed to efficiently create the toys and export them to
other kingdoms. Any member of the kingdom could take part in the production process.
A large wall with many gates surrounded the kingdom to protect it from intruders. Special
subjects within the kingdom operated the gates to allow food and raw materials necessary for
building the toys into the kingdom. Some of the subjects were responsible for growing sugar
cane within the kingdom. The sugar cane was the main source of energy for the kingdom. Once
the sugar cane was harvested, it was brought to special furnaces where it was burned. The heat
generated from the burning sugar cane provided energy for the kingdom.
The queen kept all of the instructions for making the toys in her castle. The queen never left
the castle, so she relied upon some of her knights to bring copies of the instructions for
building the toys out to subjects in the kingdom.
The toys were made in small shops throughout the kingdom. These shops were built by the
queen’s corps of knights who lived in the castle. The workers in the toy shops carefully followed
the directions and completed the assembly of the toys. Once the toys were assembled, they
were transported in tunnels to different centers designed for packaging. When the toys arrived
at the packaging centers, the workers sorted and boxed them into special packages so they
could be easily exported out of the kingdom. If any of the toys were defective, they would be
sent to a recycling center where they would be broken down for parts or destroyed.
The toys from Tewskbury Land were in such demand that the queen and her kingdom continued
production for many years, living balanced and satisfying lives throughout her reign.
Tewksbury Land
Wall with gate
Special furnaces
castle
Small shops
Cell Part
What is the analogy?
Cell membrane
They are alike because they both protect.
mitochondria
They are alike because they both take raw
materials and turn them into energy.
nucleus
ribosomes
They are alike because the castle controls the
toy production and the nucleus controls all the
cells activities.
They are alike because the small shops make
toys and the ribosomes make proteins.
Knights
nucleolus
Tunnels
ER
They are alike because the knights make the
small shops and the nucleolus makes
ribosomes.
They are alike because they both are
passageways.
Packaging centers
Golgi body
They are alike because they both package and
organize materials.
Recycling center
lysosomes
They are alike because they both break down
materials.