Download Today you will be discovering your genome. In some cases this will

Today
you will be discovering your genome. In some cases this will be easy, and
others it will be more complex. To determine your alleles you must look at
your phenotype and your parents. Remember that each of your parents gave
you half of your alleles, so determine heterozygous or homozygous we look at
your parents. Let us begin:
Set #1: Contains 4,420 genes. One of these genes is for the shape
of your head. There are two alleles for this phenotype:
R (dominant) results in a round face, and r (recessive) results in a
square face.
Your genotype: ____
____
Another set of genes on this chromosome is your skin color. Your genome for
your skin color is on three separate chromosomes (#1, 2, and 4). This makes
this phenotype polygenic, having more than two alleles for a phenotype. All of
the polygenic phenotypes will be addressed at the end of the packet, as they are more complex.
Set #2: Contains 1,491 genes. One of
these genes is for a prominent chin.
There are two alleles for this
phenotype:
LL (dominant) results in a very
prominent chin, Ll (heterozygous) results
in a prominent chin, and ll (recessive)
results in a non-prominent chin.
phenotype are:
G (dominant) results in red pigment, and r (recessive) results in no
red pigment. Gr (heterozygous) results in some red pigment. Red
hair is special because you can carry the genotype and still not have
the phenotype. This is because it matters what hair color you have.
Your genotype: ____ _____
Figure 1 Prominent means
noticeable. The chin on the
left is prominent.
Your genotype: ____ _____
Set #3: Contains 1,100-1,500 genes. One of these genes is for
the shape of your chin. There are two alleles for this
phenotype:
S (dominant) results in a round chin, and s (recessive) results
in a square chin.
Your genotype:
____ _____
Also on your 3rd
chromosome set is the
genes for hair color. This is
Figure 3 Square chin
Figure 2 Round chin
polygenic so it will be at the
end of the packet. Hair color
is on chromosome 3, 6 and 10.
Set #4: Contains 700-1,100 genes. One of these is skin color
(polygenic), and will be covered at the end of the packet.
Another is the ability to have red hair. Now hair color is on
chromosomes 1,2, and 4, but red hair is different. It has two
alleles on chromosome #4. The two alleles for this
Set #5: Contains 900-1,300 genes.
One of these is cleft chin. There are
two alleles for this phenotype:
C (dominant) results in a cleft, and c
(recessive) results in no cleft.
Figure 4 Cleft Chin
Your genotype: ____ _____
Set #7: Contains 1,100-1,600 genes. One of these genes
controls the type of hair you have. There are two alleles
for this phenotype:
W (dominant) results in curly hair, Ww (heterozygous)
results in wavy hair, and ww (recessive) results in straight
hair.
Your genotype: _____
_______
Set #12: Contains 1,200 to 1,400 genes. One of these
genes determines how large your eyes are. There are two
alleles for this phenotype:
Set #8: Contains 700-1,100
genes. One of these genes
controls if you do or do not
have a widow’s peak. There
are two alleles for this phenotype:
LL (dominant homozygous) results in large eyes, Ll
(heterozygous) will result in medium sized eyes, and ll
(recessive homozygous) results in small eyes.
Figure 5 Widow's peak
is not baldness
P (dominant) results in widow’s peak,
and p (recessive results in no widow’s peak.
Your genome: ____ _____
Set #13: Contains 600-700 genes. One of these genes
determines the shape of your eyes.
Your genotype: ______ _______
V (dominant) will result in almond shaped eyes (ovals), and
v (recessive) results in round eyes.
Set #9: Contains 800-1300 genes. One of these genes
controls if you have thick eyebrows. There are two alleles
for this phenotype:
T (dominant) results in thick eyebrows, and t (recessive)
results in thin eyebrows.
Your genome: ____ _____
Set #14: Contains 800-1,300 genes. One of those genes
controls your nose shape.
U (dominant) will result in a rounded nose, and u
(recessive) will result in a pointed nose.
Your genotype: ________ ______
Also on Chromosome #9 is a gene that controls freckles on your
forehead. There are two alleles fro this phenotype:
T (dominant) results in freckles on your forehead, and t (recessive)
results in no freckles on your forehead.
Figure 7 Round
Nose
Your genotype: ____ ______
Figure 8 Pointed
Nose
Your genome: ______ _______
Set # 10: Contains 800-1200 genes. One of those genes
controls if you have one eyebrow or two separate ones.
E (dominant) will result
in no unibrow, and e
(recessive) will result in
M (dominant) results in long eyelashes, m (recessive)
results in short eyelashes.
Figure 6 this is a unibrow,
one eyebrow
one eyebrow, unibrow.
Your genotype: ______ _______
Set #11: Contains 1,300-1,700 genes. One of those
genes controls how far your eyes are apart.
OO (dominant
homozygous) will
result in your eyes
close together.
Oo (heterozygous) will result in average distance apart.
Oo (recessive homozygous) will result
in eyes are that are far apart.
Your genotype: _____
_______
Set #15: Contains 650-1,000 genes. One of those genes
controls how long your eyelashes are.
Your genome: ____
_____
Set #16: Contains 850-1,200 genes. One of those genes
controls if you have dimples or not.
K (dominant) results in dimples, and k (recessive)
results in no dimples.
Your genome: _____ ______
Set #17: Contains 1,200-1,500 genes. One of those
genes controls the size of your mouth.
Q (dominant) results in a wide mouth, Qq
(heterozygous) results in medium/average size mouth,
q (recessive) results in a small mouth.
Your genome: ______
_______
Set #18: Contains 300-500 genes. One of them controls
how thick your lips are. This phenotype has two alleles:
AAaaaa=slight tan
AAAaaa=tan
J (dominant) will result in thick lips, j (recessive) will result
in thin lips.
Your genotype: ______ ______
Set #19: Contains 1,300-1,700 genes. One of them
controls how large your nose is.
N (dominant) will result in a large nose, Nn (heterozygous)
will result in average sized nose, and n (recessive) will
result in small nose
AAAAaa=dark tan
AAAAAa=lighter shade of black
AAAAAA=black
Chromosomes 3,6, & 10 carry the genes for hair color. In total you
have 6 alleles that control hair color. If you have the red
pigmentation on chromosome #4 you may still not have red hair
because of the dominance of your hair color. (Pick the one that best
fits your genome):
Your genome: ________ ________
hhhhhh=white
Set #22: Contains 500-800
genes. One of them tells your
body if you have lobed ears or
attached ears.
Z (dominant) results in lobed
ears, and z (recessive) results in attached ears.
Your genome: ________
__________
Hhhhhh=blonde
HHhhhh=dirty blonde
HHHhhh=light brown
HHHHhh=brown
HHHHHh= dark brown
Set #21: One of these genes determines if you have
freckles on your cheeks.
HHHHHH= black
F (dominant) will result in freckles on your cheeks, and f
(recessive) results in no freckles on your cheeks.
Chromosomes 11 & 12 carry the genes for eye color. In total you
have four alleles for eye color. (pick the one that best describes your
phenotype)
Your genome: ______ ______
Set XX or XY: This is the sex chromosomes. These
determine if you are a girl or boy.
Are you a girl (XX) or are you a boy (XY)?
Your genome: _______ _______
This chromosome also carries on it your genes for vision.
N (dominant) results in no glasses needed, and n (recessive) results
in poor eyesight/needing glasses.
Your genome: _______ ________
Now, there were three phenotypes that we skipped because they
were polygenic. So here is that information now:
Chromosomes 1,2, & 4 carry skin color alleles. In total you have 6
alleles for skin color. (pick a genotype that best fits)
aaaaaa= really white (not albino)
Aaaaaa= creamy white
FFBB=dark brown
FFBb=brown
FfBb=dark blue
Ffbb=green
ffBB=light blue
ffbb=pale blue
Face Shape (round/square):
Thickness of eyebrows
Dimples
Prominence of chin:
Unibrow
Mouth size
Chin Shape (round/square)
Distance of eyes
Lip size
Red hair
Eye size
Nose size
Cleft Chin
Eye shape
Freckles on forehead
Type of hair
Nose shape
Freckles on cheeks
Widow’s peak
Eyelash Length
Earlobes or attached ears
Boy or girl
Polygenic Punnett squares look very different, but
we will be doing a simplified version of it. You will
be doing real polygenic Punnett squares in high
school biology.
Eye Color
Skin Color
Glasses or no glasses
FFBB=dark brown
FFBb=brown
aaaaaa= really white (not albino)
FfBB=brown
Aaaaaa= creamy white
FFbb= brown
AAaaaa=slight tan
FfBb=dark blue
AAAaaa=tan
Ffbb=green
AAAAaa=dark tan
ffBB=light blue
AAAAAa=lighter shade of black
ffBb= light blue
AAAAAA=black
ffbb=pale blue
Hair Color
hhhhhh=whit
Hhhhhh=blonde
HHhhhh=dirty blonde
HHHhhh=light brown
HHHHhh=brown
HHHHHh= dark brown
HHHHHH= black