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Standard #: SC.912.L.14.3
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Compare and contrast the general structures of plant and animal cells. Compare and contrast the
general structures of prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells.
Subject Area: Science
Grade: 912
Body of Knowledge: Life Science
Standard: Organization and Development of Living Organisms A. Cells have characteristic structures and functions that make them distinctive.
B. Processes in a cell can be classified broadly as growth, maintenance, reproduction, and
homeostasis.
C. Life can be organized in a functional and structural hierarchy ranging from cells to the
biosphere.
D. Most multicellular organisms are composed of organ systems whose structures reflect their
particular function.
Date Adopted or Revised: 02/08
Content Complexity Rating: Level 2: Basic Application of Skills & Concepts - More
Information
Date of Last Rating: 05/08
Status: State Board Approved
Assessed: Yes
Remarks/Examples
Annually Assessed on Biology EOC. Also assesses SC.912.L.14.2.
TEST ITEM SPECIFICATIONS
Reporting Category: Molecular and Cellular Biology
Clarification :
Students will compare and/or contrast the structures found in plant cells and in animal
cells.
Students will compare and/or contrast the structures found in prokaryotic cells and in
eukaryotic cells.
Students will describe how structures in cells are directly related to their function in the
cell.
Students will explain the role of the cell membrane during active and passive transport.
Content Limits :
Items will not address protists or fungi or assess cellular structures unique to protists or
fungi.
Items referring to prokaryotic structures are limited to the cell wall, cell membrane
(plasma membrane), cytoplasm, plasmid, ribosomes, and flagella.
Items referring to eukaryotic structures are limited to the cell wall, cell membrane
(plasma membrane), cytoplasm, nucleus, nuclear envelope, nucleolus, chromatin,
ribosomes, endoplasmic reticulum, microtubules, microfilaments, vacuoles,
mitochondria, Golgi apparatus, chloroplasts, lysosomes, cilia, and flagella.
Items referring to the role of the cell membrane may address hypotonic, hypertonic,
and/or isotonic solutions; however, the assessment should be on processes and not
terminology.
Stimulus Attributes :
None specified
Response Attributes :
None specified
Prior Knowledge :
Items may require the student to apply scientific knowledge described in the NGSSS
from lower grades. This benchmark requires prerequisite knowledge of SC.6.L.14.3 and
SC.6.L.14.4.
SAMPLE TEST ITEMS (1)
Test
Item #
Sample
Item 1
Question
Difficulty Type
There are some similarities between prokaryotic and
N/A
eukaryotic cells. Which of the following structures is found
in both prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells?
MC:
Multiple
Choice
Related Courses
Course Number
2002405:
2000310:
2000320:
2000430:
7920015:
7920025:
2000370:
2000020:
2002400:
2002050:
2000800:
2000315:
Course Title
Integrated Science 1 for Credit Recovery (Specifically in
versions: 2014 - 2015, 2015 and beyond (current))
Biology 1 (Specifically in versions: 2014 - 2015, 2015 and
beyond (current))
Biology 1 Honors (Specifically in versions: 2014 - 2015, 2015
and beyond (current))
Biology Technology (Specifically in versions: 2014 - 2015,
2015 and beyond (current))
Access Biology 1 (Specifically in versions: 2014 - 2015, 2015
and beyond (current))
Access Integrated Science 1 (Specifically in versions: 2014 2015, 2015 and beyond (current))
Botany (Specifically in versions: 2014 - 2015, 2015 - 2018
(course terminated))
M/J Life Science, Advanced (Specifically in versions: 2014 2015, 2015 and beyond (current))
Integrated Science 1 (Specifically in versions: 2014 - 2015,
2015 and beyond (current))
M/J Comprehensive Science 1, Advanced (Specifically in
versions: 2014 - 2015, 2015 and beyond (current))
Biology 1 Pre-International Baccalaureate (Specifically in
versions: 2014 - 2015, 2015 and beyond (current))
Biology 1 for Credit Recovery (Specifically in versions: 2014 2015, 2015 and beyond (current))
2002055:
2000500:
M/J Comprehensive Science 1 Accelerated Advanced
(Specifically in versions: 2014 - 2015, 2015 and beyond
(current))
Bioscience 1 Honors (Specifically in versions: 2014 - 2015,
2015 and beyond (current))
Related Access Points
Independent
Access Point Number
SC.912.L.14.In.2
Access Point Title
Identify the major parts of plant and animal cells, including the
cell membrane, nucleus, and cytoplasm, and their basic
functions.
Supported
Access Point Number
SC.912.L.14.Su.2
Access Point Title
Recognize that cells have different parts and each has a
function.
Participatory
Access Point Number
SC.912.L.14.Pa.1
Access Point Title
Match parts of common living things to their functions.
Related Resources
Video/Audio/Animation
Name
A Tour of the Cell
Description
Paul Anderson takes you on a tour of the cell. He starts by
explaining the difference between prokaryotic and eukaryotic
cells. He also explains why cells are small but not infinitely
small. He also explains how the organelles work together in a
similar fashion.
Lesson Plan
Name
Description
Animal vs. Plant &
Prokaryotic vs. Eukaryotic
Cells
Cell Structure
How are Prokaryotic and
Eukaryotic Cells Alike and
Different?
Prokaryote and Eukaryote
Microscope Activity
Social Cells
Spirillum, Dandelions, and
Koalas, OH MY!
Touring the Cell
This lesson will develop students' ability to identify similarities
and differences between animal and plant cells as well as
prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells.
This lesson will cover the cell structures of both prokaryotic and
eukaryotic cells.
This lesson will help students to understand the structural
differences between prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells. Students
will independently read to gain background knowledge of the
two types of cells. The class will be divided into groups to
complete a poster that compares and contrasts prokaryotes and
eukaryotes.
This activity incorporates the use of microscopes to show actual
cells that are examples of both eukaryotes and prokaryotes.
This is an interactive activity for the students to learn about the
different types of cells and which cell parts exist in them. It will
develop the students' ability to identify similarities and
differences between the various types of cells by engaging all
three learning styles: visual, auditory, and tactile.
This lesson allows students to create a science center display
showing their knowledge of the general structures of
prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells and the structures and functions
for the components of plant and animal cells. At the end of this
lesson, students will be assessed by participating in a gallery
walk that displays their design for a local science center.
This lesson is a STEM project-based learning opportunity.
In this lesson the students will provide detailed explanations of
cell structures and their functions, produce an artifact that
highlights how prokaryote and eukaryote cells differ, how plant
and animal cells differ, and how structure relates to function.
Students will also design and conduct a lab exploring cells
and/or their structures.
Tutorial
Name
Bacteria
Parts of the Cell
Description
This video from the Khan Academy introduces the symbiotic
relationship between the many bacteria that live inside the
human body. The basics of bacteria structure, reproduction, and
bacterial infections are discussed.
This Khan Academy tutorial describes the differences between
prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells. It then goes on to discuss in
detail the structures and their functions found in the
eukaryotic cell.
Prokaryotes, Eukaryotes, &
Viruses Tutorial
This a mostly text resource that provides accurate, straightforward descriptions of prokaryotes, eukaryotes, and viruses. It
could be a great tool to help students compare and contrast
organisms with each other and viruses, or a good review
passage.
Educational Game
Name
Cell Structure Crossword
Puzzle
Description
This cell structure crossword puzzle uses vocabulary from
CELLS alive! If you have trouble and need a hint, use the
"Search this Site" engine in the lefthand menu. Good Luck!
Original Tutorial
Name
Cell Types
Description
Cell Types
Virtual Manipulative
Name
Plant, Animal and Bacteria
Cell Models
Description
Living cells are divided into two types - procaryotic and
eucaryotic. This division is based on internal complexity. This
website provides interactive graphic roadmaps to the
organization of both of these cell types. It also shows
distinctions between plant and animal cells.
Perspectives Video: Expert
Name
Rapid Genetic Testing of
Seafood
Description
Dr. Mahmood Shivji explains how information contained in the
DNA of seafood species is used for identification in the
marketplace.
Student Resources
Name
Bacteria
Description
This video from the Khan Academy introduces the symbiotic
relationship between the many bacteria that live inside the human
body. The basics of bacteria structure, reproduction, and bacterial
infections are discussed.
This cell structure crossword puzzle uses vocabulary from CELLS
alive! If you have trouble and need a hint, use the "Search this Site"
engine in the lefthand menu. Good Luck!
Cell Types
Cell Types
This Khan Academy tutorial describes the differences between
Parts of the Cell
prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells. It then goes on to discuss in detail the
structures and their functions found in the eukaryotic cell.
This a mostly text resource that provides accurate, straight-forward
Prokaryotes,
descriptions of prokaryotes, eukaryotes, and viruses. It could be a great
Eukaryotes, & Viruses
tool to help students compare and contrast organisms with each other
Tutorial
and viruses, or a good review passage.
Cell Structure
Crossword Puzzle