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KINE 3320 Lower Extremity Evaluation Fall 2004 Study Guide – Test #2 Test questions will include multiple choice, short answer, and critical thinking items. Questions will be based on material from class notes and discussions, power points, and chapter readings. Chapter 4 The Foot and Toes Functional anatomy bony structures hindfoot or rearfoot calcaneus, talus, midfoot navicular, cuboid, cuneiforms forefoot metatarsals, phalanges. sesamoids bony articulations subtalar joint talocalcaneonavicular joint calcaneocuboid joint tarsometatarsal joints (Lisfranc) metatarsophalangeal joints interphalangeal joints ligamentous structures plantar fascia plantar ligament collateral ligaments calcaneonavicular (spring) ligament intrinsic muscles extrinsic muscles extensor hallucis longus extensor digitorum longus flexor hallucis longus flexor digitorum longus arches medial longitudinal lateral longitudinal transverse metatarsal Foot pathology (signs, symptoms, MOI, evaluation tests) retrocalcaneal bursitis corns hallux rigidus Foot pathology (signs, symptoms, MOI, evaluation tests) - continued MTP sprain callus plantar fasciitis plantar warts Morton’s neuroma tarsal tunnel syndrome midfoot sprain medial arch sprain transverse arch sprain sesamoiditis heel spur Jone’s fracture Lisfranc fracture hammer toe claw toe bunion pes cavus pes planus (supple vs. rigid) Morton’s toe retrocalcaneal exostosis (pump bumps) Assessment ROM MTP extension (0-80°) MTP flexion (0-40°) Rearfoot inversion and eversion stress tests MTP valgus and varus Midtarsal joint glides Tarsometatarsal joint glides Intermetatarsal glide test special tests Morton’s test Feiss’ line Navicular drop test Chapter 5 The Ankle & Lower Leg Functional anatomy bony structures talus calcaneus tibia fibula bony articulations talocrural subtalar distal tibiofibular (syndesmosis) ligamentous structures (function & position of tautness) anterior talofibular calcaneofibular posterior talofibular deltoid anterior tibiotalar tibionavicular tibiocalcaneal posterior tibiotalar anterior tibiofibular posterior tibiofibular other connective tissue interosseous membrane inferior extensor retinaculum superior extensor retinaculum superior peroneal retinaculum inferior peroneal retinaculum muscles (location & function) anterior compartment anterior tibialis extensor digitorum longus extensor hallucis longus peroneus tertius lateral compartment peroneus longus peroneus brevis superficial posterior compartment gastrocnemius soleus plantaris deep posterior compartment flexor hallucis longus flexor digitorum longus posterior tibialis arteries posterior tibial anterior tibial (branches to form dorsalis pedis) nerves deep peroneal tibial superficial peroneal Ankle & Lower Leg Pathology (signs, symptoms, MOI, evaluation tests) lateral (inversion) ankle sprains medial (eversion) ankle sprains syndesmotic (high) ankle sprains anterior tibialis strain/tendonitis posterior tibialis strain/tendonitis Achilles strain/tendonitis deep vein thrombophlebitis os trigonum trauma/fracture malleolar fracture malleolar avulsion fracture fibular shaft fracture fibular or tibial stress fracture anterior compartment syndrome (5 P’s) acute exertional compartment syndrome chronic exertional compartment syndrome peroneal nerve injuries medial tibial stress syndrome Assessment of Ankle & Lower Leg Injuries ROM (normal ranges) PF DF EV IN Closed-packed vs. open-packed position stress tests anterior drawer test inversion talar tilt eversion talar tilt special tests Kleiger’s test (external rotation test) squeeze test heel tap or bump test Thompson test Homan’s sign Tinel’s sign
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