Download Flashcards 4_17_11

Name__________________________
1. _________controls fruit ripening, ______________ controls shoot growth and growth towards light.
___________stimulates germination and the growth of stems and leaves.
2. The pH scale measures acidity or alkalinity. Any number <7 = __________. Any number >7=__________.
pH is a measure of the concentration of __________(ions). A pH 4 is _________times more acidic than pH6.
3. C6H12O6 is known as ___________, a monosaccharide. 1 __________+ 3 ___________make up a lipid.
4. A major difference between saturated and unsaturated fatty acids (in terms of structure) is:
5. Steroids are classified as (lipids / proteins / nucleic acids) . They are (nonpolar / polar) and hydrophobic. An
example of a steroid is ____________________.
Use the word bank to complete 6-17.
Nucleus
Central Vacuoles
Nucleolus
leucoplasts
Ribosomes
Mitochondria
Lysosomes
Rough ER
Golgi apparatus
Peroxisomes
microtubules
Cilia/flagella
Cell wall
chromoplasts
Smooth ER
_____________6. surrounded by semi-permeable membrane with pores (for passage of molecules like mRNA)
_____________7. this is where ribosome components are synthesized and assembled.
_____________8. these can be found free in the cytoplasm of attached at rough ER; site of protein synthesis
_____________9. connects rough ER to Golgi; synthesizes steroid hormones; carries out detox processes.
____________10. stationed near the nucleus; packages and secretes substances produced in the ER
____________11. enzyme sacs; joins food vacuole to complete intracellular digestion; helps in cell suicide
____________12. detox alcohol in the liver; contain enzyme to convert harmful H2O2 to water.
____________13. has double membrane (it used to be a free-living microorganism); cellular respiration happens here
____________14. found in mature plant cells enclosed by a tonoplast membrane
____________15. store starch
____________16. hollow tubes that make up cilia, flagella (arranged in 9+2 formation)
____________17. made of cellulose in plants and algae and chitin in fungi; not found in animal cells
18. _______________ is a “dead-end” process that diverts energy from photosynthesis (no ATP or sugar is produced). It
occurs when Rubisco binds to O2 instead of CO2 (Rubisco has a greater affinity for O2 than CO2)
19. In prophase I or meiosis, ____________ _______ exchanges genetic material between nonsister chromatids.
20. (Introns / Exons) do not code for protein and are removed during RNA processing. (Introns / Exons) are “expressed
sequences” and code for polypeptides.
21. (Homologous / analogous) structures provide evidence of evolution, result from divergent evolution and demonstrate
common origin. An example is a bat’s wing and human’s arm. (Homologous / analogous) structures do not provide
evidence of common ancestry. An example is a fly’s wing and bat’s wing.
22. Bryophytes grow close to the ground because they lack vascular tissue that enables land plants to grow tall. An
example of a bryophyte is a ______________.
23. Tracheophytes are plants that have transport vessels: ___________transports water and ____________transports sugar
from source to sink. These include all plants except mosses and liverworts. There are two kinds:
___________________(cone bearing) and angiosperms.
24. Apical dominance promotes (primary / secondary) growth but inhibits (primary / secondary) growth.
25. __________is produced in the liver and stored in the gallbladder. It is not an enzyme, but an emulsifier (it breaks
down large fat into small fat molecules to increase fats’ surface area to enhance enzyme hydrolysis).
26. Associative learning happens when one stimulus becomes linked to another through experience. (Operant / Classical)
conditioning is “trial and error learning”. Pavlov’s dogs (salivating) described (Operant / Classical) conditioning.
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