Download Seventh Grade ELA Notes Chapter One: The complete Sentence I. A

Seventh Grade ELA Notes
Chapter One: The complete Sentence
I. A Sentence: A group of words that expresses a complete thought.
II. Sentence Types
A. Declarative: Makes a statement; ends in a period.
B. Interrogative: A question; ends in a question mark.
C. Exclamatory: expresses a strong feeling; ends in an exclamation point.
D. Imperative: A command or request; can end in a period or an exclamation
point.
III. Subjects and Predicates
-Every sentence has two parts:
1. Subject: Who or what the sentence is about.
2. Predicate: What is happening/ What is being said about the subject?
IV. Complete Subjects and Predicates
A. Complete subject: All the words in the subject of the sentence.
B. Complete predicate: All the words in the predicate of the sentence.
V. Simple Subjects and Predicates
A. The simple subject
1. The main word in the subject of the sentence.
2. Almost always a noun or pronoun.
B. The simple predicate
1. The main word in the predicate of the sentence.
2. Always the verb or verb phrase.
C. The simple subject + the simple predicate = the smallest sentence that the
complete sentence can be broken into.
VI. Identifying the Subject
A. Not all sentences begin with the subject.
B. Many questions begin with a word that’s part of the predicate.
1. The subject comes next, followed by the rest of the predicate.
2. Rearrange the words to find the subject.
C. The predicate comes before the subject in sentences that start with here/there
is and here/there are.
D. In commands, the subject is implied.
VII. Compound Subjects and Predicates
A. A sentence may have more than one simple subject or simple predicate.
B. A compound subject has two or more simple subjects that have the same
predicate.
1.These subjects are joined by and, or, or nor.
2. Make sure your verb matches with the correct number.
C. A compound predicate has two or more simple predicates, or verbs, that have
the same subject.
-The simple predicates are connected by and, but, or, or nor.
VIII. Simple and Compound Sentences
A. A simple sentence has one subject and one predicate.
-A simple sentence may have a compound subject, a compound
predicate, or both…but it is still one thought.
B. A compound sentence is a sentence that contains two or more simple
sentences that are joined together.
1. Joined using a comma and a conjunction or a semicolon.
2. Still two individual sentences. These can be broken apart and will still
be two separate, complete thoughts.
IX. Identifying Sentence Fragments and Run ons
A. A sentence is a group of words that expresses a complete thought.
B. A sentence fragment is a group of words that does not express a complete
thought.
1.It could be missing a subject, a predicate, or both.
2. Fix it by adding in the missing part.
C. A run-on is two or more sentences that are incorrectly written as one
sentence.
-To fix it, write separate sentences or combine the sentences correctly.