Download Chapter One Biology and You

LTA: Chapter Three – The Dynamic Earth
Objectives (what you should be able to do after studying this chapter):
1. describe the composition and structure of the Earth
2. describe the Earth’s tectonic plates
3. explain the main cause of earthquakes and their effects
4. identify the relationship between volcanic eruptions and climate change
5. describe how wind and water alter the Earth’s surface
6. describe the composition of the Earth’s atmosphere and the layers of the atmosphere
7. explain three mechanisms of heat transfer in the Earth’s atmosphere
8. explain the greenhouse effect
9. name the three major processes in the water cycle
10. describe the properties of ocean water and the two types of ocean currents
11. explain how the ocean regulates Earth’s temperature
12. explain the difference between open and closed systems
Key Terms: Write and define
1. geosphere
2. crust
3. mantle
4. core
5. lithosphere
6. asthenosphere
7. tectonic plate
8. erosion
9. atmosphere
10. troposphere
11. stratosphere
12. ozone
13. radiation
14. conduction
15. convection
16. greenhouse effect
17. water cycle
18. evaporation
19. condensation
20. precipitation
21. salinity
22. fresh water
23. biosphere
Questions: Answer the following in complete sentences.
1. Name and describe the physical and compositional layers into which scientist divide the Earth.
2. Explain the main cause of earthquakes and their effects.
3. Describe the effects that a large-scale volcanic eruption can have on the global climate.
4. Describe how wind and water alter the Earth’s surface.
5. How does ozone in the stratosphere affect life on the Earth’s surface?
6. Why does cool air sink and warm air rise in the atmosphere?
7. Describe the composition of Earth’s atmosphere.
8. Describe a characteristic of each layer of Earth’s atmosphere.
9. Name and explain the three mechanisms of heat transfer in Earth’s atmosphere.
10. Describe the role of greenhouse gases in Earth’s atmosphere.
11. How does human activity change some greenhouse-gas levels?
12. Name and describe each of the three major processes in the water cycle.
13. Describe the properties of ocean water.
14. Describe the two types of ocean currents.
15. Why is the human body considered an open system?
Your Questions: