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S C I E N C E
Chapter 25
Weather
Review
Choose the best response. Write the letter of that choice in the space provided.
1. A region where air masses can form must be fairly
a. cold.
b. warm.
c. hilly.
d. uniform.
c. coastal.
d. cool.
2. In an air mass designated cP, the c stands for
a. continental.
b. cold.
3. Continental polar Canadian air masses generally move
a. southeasterly.
b. northerly.
c. northeasterly.
d. westerly.
4. The air masses that sometimes bring heavy rains to the deserts of the southwestern
United States are called
a. continental polar Canadian.
c. maritime tropical Pacific.
b. maritime polar Atlantic.
d. maritime continental tropical.
Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved.
5. The type of front formed when two air masses move parallel to the front between them is
called
a. stationary.
b. occluded.
c. polar.
d. warm.
6. A front that is completely lifted off the ground by cold air is called
a. cold.
b. occluded.
c. polar.
d. warm.
7. The winds of a wave cyclone blow in circular paths around a
a. front.
c. high-pressure center.
b. low-pressure center.
d. jet stream.
8. The eye of a hurricane is a region of
a. hailstorms.
c. calm, clear air.
b. torrential rainfall.
d. strong winds.
9. In the mature stage of a thunderstorm, a cumulus cloud grows until it becomes a
a. stratocumulus cloud.
c. cumulonimbus cloud.
b. altocumulus cloud.
d. cirrocumulus cloud.
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Chapter 25
Choose the best response. Write the letter of that choice in the space provided.
10. Tornadoes that occur over the ocean are called
a. waterspouts.
b. typhoons.
c. waves.
d. hurricanes.
11. A wind with a direction designated as 90° is blowing from the
a. north.
b. south.
c. east.
d. west.
12. An instrument package attached to a weather balloon is
a. an anemometer. b. a wind vane.
c. a radiosonde.
d. a thermograph.
13. The lines on a weather map connecting points of equal atmospheric pressure are called
a. isobars.
b. isotherms.
c. highs.
d. lows.
14. It is generally difficult to accurately predict
a. wind speed.
c. wind direction.
b. amount of precipitation.
d. temperature.
15. Of the following terms, which one would most likely be placed higher on a concept map
designed for this chapter?
a. occluded front
b. wave cyclone
c. tornado
d. air mass
1. If the air in your region is warm and dry, what type of air mass could be responsible? What letters designate this air mass?
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Critical Thinking
Read each question or statement and answer it in the space provided.
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Chapter 25
Read each question or statement and answer it in the space provided.
2. People on Vancouver Island, off the west coast of Canada, hear reports of a wave cyclone in the
Gulf of Alaska. Is it likely that the wave cyclone will reach their area? Explain why.
3. Suppose a hurricane is passing over a Caribbean island. Suddenly, the rain and winds stop and
the air becomes calm and clear. Is it safe to go outside? Explain your answer.
Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved.
4. Is it safe to be on the street in an automobile during a tornado? Explain your answer.
5. In what direction would a wind of 315° make a wind vane point?
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Read each question or statement and answer it in the space provided.
6. An air traffic controller is monitoring nearby airplanes by radar. The controller warns an incoming pilot of a storm a few miles away. How did radar help the controller detect the storm?
Application
Read each question or statement and answer it in the space provided.
1. Suppose you are traveling with friends through the desert in the southwestern United States and
a thunderstorm occurs. You then tell them about the type of air mass that may have brought the
storm. What did you say?
3. On a weather map, you see a station model with the circle half darkened and a straight vertical
line extending upward. What can you say about the weather in that area for that day?
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Chapter 25
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2. Suppose the air is warm and moist. You hear on the weather report, however, that a fast-moving
cold front will reach your region the next day. What kind of weather conditions can you expect?
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from a physics or chemistry laboratory. Heat the
strip so that it bends. Explain that the two metals in
the strip expand different amounts when heated,
causing the strip to curve. Expansion and contraction must be considered by engineers when they
design structures, such as bridges and roads, that
will be exposed to temperature changes.
Page 514–515: Discussion (Extension)
To extend students’ understanding of economics and
weather forecasting, tell students that the savings
that could be realized from more-accurate weather
forecasts have been estimated to be in the billions of
dollars. Discuss which industries might benefit from
more-accurate weather forecasts (agriculture, construction, tourism, aviation, utilities).
Page 515: EarthBeat
You may wish to point out that approximately 1,000
tornadoes are sighted in the continental United
States every year and that tornadoes have caused an
average of 50 deaths per year in the United States
from 1985 to 1997. You may also wish to explain
that Project VORTEX concentrated on an area of the
United States called Tornado Alley, which includes
northern Texas, Oklahoma, Kansas, Nebraska, and
southern South Dakota. Tornado Alley exhibits the
highest concentration of tornadoes in the world
because it is where cool Canadian air masses meet
the flow of warm, moist air from the Gulf of
Mexico.
Pages 516–517: Career Focus
You might discuss careers associated with maintaining temperature, humidity, and air quality in indoor
environments such as greenhouses, computer laboratories, hospitals, and zoos.
Small-Scale Investigation
Wind Chill (p. 510)
Science Process Skills: demonstrating, identifying
cause-and-effect relationships
Answers to Analysis and Conclusions
1. The temperature of the water decreases.
2. Wind from the fan increases the rate of evaporation of the water; evaporation takes heat from
the water, thereby decreasing the temperature.
3. Answers will vary. A typical answer would be to
minimize wind-chill effects by exposing little skin.
T124
Chapter 25
Chapter 25 Review
Answers to Review
1.
2.
3.
4.
d
a
a
c
5.
6.
7.
8.
a
b
b
c
9. c
10. a
11. c
12. c
13. a
14. b
15. d
Answers to Critical Thinking
1. tropical continental; cT
2. yes; A common wave-cyclone path begins in the
North Pacific Ocean and across the Gulf of
Alaska to the west coast of North America.
3. no; You are in the eye of the hurricane, and the
storm is not over.
4. no; A tornado destroys everything in its path.
5. northwest
6. Precipitation reflects radar waves and can thus be
seen on a radar screen. Radar can show the location and extent of a storm.
Answers to Application
1. tropical Pacific
2. large cumulus or cumulonimbus clouds, perhaps
followed by thunderstorms
3. The cloud cover is 50 percent and the wind speed
is 1 to 2 mph from the north.
In-Depth Investigation
Weather Map Interpretation (pp. 520–521)
Approximate time: 1 class period
Objectives: to study the symbols used on a weather
map to gain an understanding of the relationships
among temperature, pressure, and winds
Skills: classifying, comparing, inferring, interpreting data, predicting
Prelab Discussion
Before students begin this investigation, review the
map legend on page 520 with the class. Have students explain what each symbol represents. Explain
to them that the symbols and numerals on weather
maps are used to make predictions about the weather.
Teaching Strategies
1. Some students may have difficulty interpreting
the weather map at first. You may wish to ask