Download S2213177915006836_mmc1

Online Appendix
Figure Legends
Supplementary Figure 1: Meta-Analysis of the minimally adjusted effect estimates of the
association of asymptomatic left ventricular systolic dysfunction and incident clinically
overt heart failure
Forest plot showing the minimally adjusted overall estimate of the association of asymptomatic
left ventricular systolic dysfunction and incident clinically overt heart failure
1
Supplementary Figure 2: Meta-Analysis of the minimally adjusted effect estimates of the
association of asymptomatic left ventricular diastolic dysfunction and incident clinically
overt heart failure
Forest plot showing the minimally adjusted overall estimate of the association of asymptomatic
left ventricular diastolic dysfunction and incident clinically overt heart failure
2
Supplementary Figure 3: Funnel plot exploring the risk of publication bias of studies of the
association of asymptomatic left ventricular systolic dysfunction (LVSD) or left ventricular
diastolic dysfunction (LVDD) and incident heart failure
3
Supplementary Table 1: Additional characteristics of studies of the association of symptomatic left ventricular dysfunction and overt heart failure
Author/
Study /Place
Publication year
Nkcklas, 1992 (13)
Study
Exclusion Criteria
CHF Definition
Case
N
Overt HF
HF hospitalization &
Ascertainment
Participants
Serial follow-up
2117
None
Physician diagnosed
Adjudicated from
2671
None
HF on treatment
Medical record
Framingham criteria
Routine
4257
Age, sex, MI, SBP, HTN rx, smoking,
Population
SOLVD/ USA,
Asymptomatic
Canada,
low EF (<35%)
Adjustment Variables
HF death
Belgium
Aurigemma, 2001
CHS/USA
General
MI, Angina, CHF, AF
(8)
Wang, 2003 (23)
Framingham
General
CHF, age<40
/USA
surveillance,
ECG LVH, TC-HDL ratio, and VHD
medical record
Verdecchia, 2005
PUMA/Italy
(16)
Ren, 2007 (18)
HSS /USA
Hypertensive
CVD, CHF, terminal
individuals
illness
IHD
Low EF or HF at
HF hospitalization
GP follow-up,
2384
Age, LV mass
693
Age, sex, race, smoker, HTN, stroke,
record
HF hospitalization
baseline
Routine survey,
medical record
revascularization, medications, BMI,
DM, HR, TC, HDL, SBP, DBP, echo
parameters
Bibbins-Domingo,
CARDIA/USA
General
NA
N/A / USA
Diastolic
Symptom of HF
Diabetic
HF at baseline or
individuals
within 30 days, severe
2009 (17)
Correa de Sa,
2009 (14)
From, 2010 (21)
HF hospitalization or
Adjudicated from
5115
Echocardiogram and clinical measures
death
Medical record
Framingham criteria
Medical record
82
None
ICD-9 428
Code validated in
1760
Age, sex, BMI, HTN, CAD, EF, LAV,
- LVH, EF, CKD, DBP, BMI, HDL, TC
dysfunction
Olmsted /USA
Olmsted
LV mass index
VHD
Kane, 2012 (20)
Olmsted /USA
General
NA
ICD-9 428
Code validated in
1402
Age, THN, DM, CHD
1038
Age, sex, SBP, BMI, DM, HTN
Olmsted
Lam, 2011 (7)
FHS /USA
General
HF at baseline
Framingham criteria
Routine
surveillance,
treatment, prior MI, VHD
medical record
Pandhi et al, 2011
(9)
CHS/USA
General
NA
Physician diagnosed
Adjudicated from
HF on treatment
Medical record
5,649
cardiovascular risk factors, creatinine,
inflammation, CHD status, history of
cerebrovascular accident, LVH, AF
4
Vogel, 2012 (19)
REP /USA
Diastolic
HF at baseline or
dysfunction
within 30 days, severe
ICD-9 428
Code validated in
388
Age, eGFR, RSVP
5004
Age, gender, race, DM, BMI, SBP, TC,
Olmsted
VHD, AF
Yeboah, 2012 (11)
MESA/USA
General
CVD (VHD, CHF, MI,
Definite or probable
Adjudicated by
stroke, TIA)
CHF
committee
HDL, TG, smoking, HTN rx, and statin
use
ACEi: angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors; AF: atrial fibrillation; ARB: angiotensin receptors blockers; Av.: average; BB: beta blockers; BMI: body mass index; CAD: coronary
artery disease; CARDIA: Coronary Artery Risk Development in Young Adults; CHD: coronary heart disease; CHF: congestive heart failure; CHS: Cardiovascular Health Study; CKD:
chronic kidney disease; CVD : cardiovascular disease; DBP: Diastolic blood pressure; DM: diabetes mellitus; EE’: E/E’ ratio of mitral peak velocity of early filling (E) to early diastolic
mitral annular velocity (E'); EF: Ejection fraction, ECG; electrocardiography; eGFR: estimated glomerular filtration rate, FHS: Framingham Heart Study; Framingham: Framingham &
Framingham Offspring; HDL: High Density Lipoprotein –Cholesterol; HF: heart failure; HTN: hypertension; HSS: Heart and Soul Study; HR: heart rate, ICD : international classification
of Disease, IHD : ischemic heart disease, LAV: left atrial volume; LVH: left ventricular hypertrophy; MESA - Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis; MI: myocardial infarction; NA: not
applicable; NR: not reported; Olmsted – Olmsted Country Study; PUMA – Progetto Ipertensione Umbria Monitoraggio Ambulatoriale; REP –Rochester Epidemiology Project, RSVP:
right ventricular systolic pressure; rx: treatment; SBP: systolic blood pressure; TIA: transient ischemic attack; TC: total cholesterol; TG; triglycerides; VHD: valvular heart disease
5
Appendix A: Search terms
Database: PubMed (Inception until March 2015)
#1 "ventricular dysfunction" OR "diastolic dysfunction" OR "systolic dysfunction" OR
"cardiac dysfunction" OR "diastolic function" OR "systolic function"
#2 "prognosis" OR "progression" OR "development" OR "natural history" OR
"prediction"
#3 "heart failure"
#4 “cohort” OR “observational” OR “prospective” OR “retrospective” OR “trial” OR
“epidemiology”
#5 #1 AND #2 AND #3 AND #4
#6 (Animals[MeSH] NOT Humans[MeSH])
#7 #5 NOT # 6
Database: EMBASE (Inception until March 2015)
#1 "ventricular dysfunction" OR "diastolic dysfunction" OR "systolic dysfunction" OR
"cardiac dysfunction" OR "diastolic function" OR "systolic function"
#2 "prognosis" OR "progression" OR "development" OR "natural history" OR
"prediction"
#3 "heart failure"
#4 “cohort” OR “observational” OR “prospective” OR “retrospective” OR “trial” OR
“epidemiology”
#5 #1 AND #2 AND #3 AND #4
6