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Chapter
26
The Urinary
System
PowerPoint® Lecture Slides
prepared by Agnes Yard and
Michael Yard
Copyright © 2008 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings
Copyright © 2008 Pearson Education, Inc.,
publishing as Pearson Benjamin Cummings
Histologically, the wall of the bladder contains a
mucosa consisting of which of the following tissue
types?
a. stratified squamous epithelium
b. pseudostratified epithelium
c. transitional epithelium
d. stratified columnar epithelium
Copyright © 2008 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings
Where is the connection between the parietal and
visceral epithelia found in the renal corpuscle?
a. at the vascular pole of the corpuscle
b. at the capsular space
c. at the capsular space
d. between the endothelial cells of adjacent
capillaries
Copyright © 2008 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings
From the nephrons, blood enters a network of venules
and small veins that converge on which of the following
vessels?
a. interlobar veins
b. arcuate veins
c. interlobular veins
d. segmental veins
Copyright © 2008 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings
The renal corpuscle is approximately what diameter?
a. 100 nm
b. 500 nm
c. 1 mm
d. 200 μm
Copyright © 2008 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings
Which of the following is/are (a) function(s) of
sympathetic renal innervation?
a. stimulation of ADH release
b. regulation of renal blood flow and pressure
c. stimulation of calcitriol release
d. a and b
Copyright © 2008 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings
Which concentric layer of connective tissue surrounds
the fibrous capsule of the kidney, and may be quite
thick?
a. cortex
b. perinephric fat
c. renal fascia
d. pararenal fat
Copyright © 2008 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings
Which cells, situated between endothelial cells of
adjacent capillaries, engulf organic materials, provide
physical support, and regulate the diameter of
glomerular capillaries?
a. juxtamedullary cells
b. glomerular cells
c. podocytes
d. mesangial cells
Copyright © 2008 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings
________ are fibrous cords that contain the vestiges of
________ that supplied blood to the placenta during
embryonic and fetal development.
a. lateral umbilical ligaments, umbilical veins
b. medial umbilical ligaments, umbilical arteries
c. medial umbilical ligaments, umbilical veins
d. lateral umbilical ligaments, umbilical arteries
Copyright © 2008 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings
Urine production begins in microscopic tubular
structures called ________ in the ________ of each
renal lobe.
a. renal pyramids, medulla
b. nephrons, cortex
c. renal pyramids, cortex
d. nephrons, medulla
Copyright © 2008 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings
The ________ fibers in the pelvic nerves carry impulses
generated by bladder filling to the ________ spinal
cord.
a. efferent, sacral
b. afferent, lumbar
c. efferent, lumbar
d. afferent, sacral
Copyright © 2008 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings
Which of the following structures extend(s) from the
anterior and superior border of the urinary bladder
toward the umbilicus?
a. detrusor muscle
b. medial umbilical ligament
c. urethrae
d. lateral umbilical ligaments
Copyright © 2008 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings
Which of the following concentric layers of connective
tissue anchors the kidney to surrounding structures?
a. fibrous capsule
b. renal cortex
c. renal fascia
d. perinephric fat
Copyright © 2008 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings
Regarding renal innervation, most of the nerve fibers
involved are ________ ganglionic fibers from the
________ ganglion.
a. parasympathetic preganglionic, inferior
mesenteric
b. sympathetic postganglionic, superior
mesenteric
c. parasympathetic postganglionic, superior
mesenteric
d. sympathetic preganglionic, superior
mesenteric
Copyright © 2008 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings
Which of the following nephron structures delivers
urine into the minor calyx?
a. proximal convoluted tubule
b. connecting tubules
c. papillary duct
d. distal convoluted tubule
Copyright © 2008 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings
Blood arrives at the glomerulus directly by way of
which of the following vessels?
a. interlobular artery
b. efferent arteriole
c. interlobar artery
d. afferent arteriole
Copyright © 2008 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings
Which of the following is/are not lined by a transitional
epithelium?
a. renal pelvis
b. urinary bladder
c. ureters
d. none of the above
Copyright © 2008 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings
When the ________ urethral sphincter relaxes,
feedback through the ________ nervous system relaxes
the other urethral sphincter.
a. external, autonomic
b. internal, central
c. internal, autonomic
d. external, central
Copyright © 2008 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings
Which surface(s) of the urinary bladder lie(s) outside
the peritoneal cavity?
a. posterior, inferior, and anterior surfaces
b. inferior and superior surfaces
c. lateral, posterior, and inferior surfaces
d. superior, lateral, and posterior surfaces
Copyright © 2008 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings
The kidneys are located lateral to the vertebral column
between ________ on each side.
a. T12 and L3
b. T7 and L1
c. T12 and L5
d. T9 and L3
Copyright © 2008 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings
In females, the urethral lining near the neck of the
bladder is usually composed of which of the following
types of tissue?
a. stratified squamous epithelium
b. pseudostratified columnar epithelium
c. transitional epithelium
d. stratified columnar epithelium
Copyright © 2008 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings
Which of the following is the entry point for the renal
artery, and the exit point for the renal vein and ureter?
a. medulla
b. hilum
c. sinus
d. cortical columns
Copyright © 2008 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings
In both sexes, what muscle is formed as the urethra
passes through the urogenital diaphragm?
a. detrusor muscle
b. external urethral sphincter
c. urogenital membranosus muscle
d. internal urethral sphincter
Copyright © 2008 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings
How much urine usually remains in the urinary
bladder at the end of a typical micturition?
a. less than 1 ml
b. less than 10 ml
c. less than 25 ml
d. less than 50 ml
Copyright © 2008 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings
As the renal artery enters the renal sinus, it branches
into which vessels?
a. segmental arteries
b. lobar arteries
c. interlobar arteries
d. arcuate arteries
Copyright © 2008 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings
A connecting tubule connected to which structure
carries the filtrate toward a nearby collecting duct?
a. papillary duct
b. distal convoluted tubule
c. renal sinus
d. proximal convoluted tubule
Copyright © 2008 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings