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Ancient China ~ Chapter 6
This packet contains the following worksheets:
1. Title Page
2. China Map HW Questions
3. China DBQ Practice, Page 1
4. China DBQ Practice, Page 2
5. China DBQ Practice, Page 3
6. Chinese Philosophies - Cornell Notes
7. Chinese Philosophies Cont. – Cornell Notes
8. Interactive Story for China, Page 1
9.Interactive Story for China, Page 2
1. What are the key geographical features that make up East Asia?
2. How is the the geography of East Asia alike/different when compared to
other river valley civilizations that we have studied?
3. I can accurately create and place dates on a timeline.
4. What are the three major philosophies of ancient China (Confucianism,
Taoism & Legalism) and what are the main beliefs & founders of each?
5. What was the purpose of the Great Wall and the Silk Road?
6. How do you question using a document – DBQ?
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HW after your pretest! Due tomorrow!
China Map Questions (use page 161 of your textbook for a visual)
1. Name and locate the two large rivers that run through China.
2. Identify some of the physical features that dominate China’s geography? (List 3)
3. Based on the physical geography, where do you think Chinese civilizations would have
started? Why?
4. What examples can you find to show how the geography of China led them to be isolated
from other civilizations for thousands of years? List and explain at least 2.
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2. ____________________________________________________________
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Chinese Philosophies DBQs
Document 1: A CONFUCIAN SAYING
The master said, “Ruse over them with dignity and they will be respectful; treat them with kindness and
they will do their best; raise the good and instruct those who are backward and they will be filled with
happiness.”
~Confucius
1. List three characteristics Confucius thought a good ruler should have.
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Document # 2: CONFUCIUS, FROM THE ANALECTS
“If the people be led by laws, and uniformity among them be sought by punishments, they will try to
escape punishment and have no sense of shame. If they are led by virtue, and uniformity sought among
them through the practice of ritual propriety, they will possess a sense of shame and come to you of
their own accord.”
1. According to Confucius, how should a good leader lead? Why?
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Document 3: FROM THE BOOK OF LAO ZI, A DAOIST PHILOSOPHER
The best rulers are those that people do not even know exist.
The next best are those who people love and praise.
The next are those who people fear.
The next are those who people despise.
The best rulers seldom issue any orders.
1. What are two characteristics Loa Zi considered “best” for a ruler?
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2. What was the purpose of this “little speech?”
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Document# 4: TAO TE CHING (excerpt) (Daoism)
A wise leader has said, "I will not try to change things, and the people will be transformed by
themselves; I will be fond of tranquility, and the people will by themselves become correct. I will not
pursue riches, and the people will by themselves become rich; I will manifest no ambition, and the people
will become as natural as uncarved wood"
A wise leader grasps humility, and manifests it to all the world. Free from self display, he is
conspicuous; free from self-assertion, he is distinguished; free from boasting about himself, he is valued
greatly; free from self-complacency, he acquires superiority. Free from striving ambition, he finds none
strives against him.
Thus a wise leader puts his own person last, and yet it is found in the foremost place; he treats his
person as if it were foreign to him, and yet that person is preserved. Is it not because he has no
personal and private ends, that such ends are therefore realized?
Seize power and try to manipulate people, you will not succeed. People have their own way and cannot be
manipulated. What you attempt to seize, you destroy; what you attempt to grab, you lose.
1. Summarize, according to the reading, what makes a wise leader.
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Document 5: LAWS ON LAND: a time of Legalism
1. Those who occupy more land than allowed will be beaten ten strokes. More strokes can be added
for each piece of extra land they are occupying. After the punishment equals sixty strokes,
fewer strokes will be added for each extra piece of land they occupy. The maximum penalty is
one year of hard labor. If there is plenty of land around, no punishments shall be given.
2. Those who plant public or private land they do not own may be beaten thirty strokes. If they are
planting on many pieces of land they do not own, they may be beaten more than 100 strokes. The
maximum penalty is one and a half years of hard labor. The crops that were grown on the land go
to the owner of the land or the government.
~from the Tang Legal Code, 653 A.D.
1. What kind of document is this? (primary or secondary – and why)
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2. Discuss two of the reasons people could be punished under the laws written above.
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Document #6: HAN FEI-TZU: LEGALIST VIEWS ON A GOOD GOVERNMENT
An enlightened ruler holds up facts and discards all that is without practical value. Therefore he does
not pursue righteousness and benevolence, and he does not listen to the words of scholars. These days,
whoever does not understand how to govern will invariably say: "Win the hearts of the people." If
winning the hearts of the people is all that one needs in order to govern, a Yi Yin or a Kuan Chung
(Ancient Chinese statesmen famous for their wisdom) would be useless. Listening to the people would be
enough. But the wisdom of the people is useless: They have the minds of little infants! ...... Infants and
children don't understand that the small pain they have to suffer now will bring great benefit later.
1. What attitude does Han Fei express toward the common people?
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Cornell Notes
Topic/Objective:
Name:
Philosophies of Ancient China
Class/Period:
Date:
Essential Question: What are the 3 philosophies of ancient China and what do they believe?
Questions:
Notes:
CONFUCIANISM
Summary:
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Essential Question: What are the 3 philosophies of ancient China and what do they believe?
Questions:
Notes:
DAOISM
LEGALISM
Summary:
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Interactive Story for China
Terms:
Huang He= Rolling on a river
Silt= Flood, Flood, Flood, evaporation, silt!
Yangzi= The other one
Confucius or Confucianism: “Confucius Said…”
Ethics= The right thing
Daoism= Just go with the flow, man
Legalism= Our way or the highway!
Strict= (with a ruler) Listen to me!
Shi Huangdi= I shall liver forever!
Once upon a time in the land of China, people settled along the Huang He or
Yellow River. People decided to settle next to the Huang He River because of the
fertile silt that was left behind by the floods. The fertile silt from the floods left a
layer of fresh soil on the ground to help them get a surplus of crops. The silt was
very good. The silt came with the floods. However, there were also other terrible
things that came with the floods. The Huang He was not only just known for silt, it
was also known as China’s Sorrow. It was called China’s Sorrow because the floods
were also unpredictable and could take many lives in their path. People were
often saddened when the floods were bad, but were also happy when the floods
brought silt. The Yangzi River was another area of China on their flat plains that
made a great place to farm as well. The flat plains in the Southeast allowed for
lots of areas to develop a civilization. As well as flat plains, the southeast also had
a nice climate very similar to that of Southern California.
With all of the great rivers, plains, and silt, China started to boom with a
highly developed culture. A highly developed culture can lead to technology,
religion, and philosophies to begin to develop. Their highly developed culture
focused on three different philosophies: Confucianism, Daoism, and Legalism.
Confucianism was created by a great teacher named Confucius and was based on
ethics. Ethics mean doing the right thing. Ethical people act morally. Ethics are
very important in Confucianism. Confucius believed people need to learn proper
behavior from their parents and family members. Confucius believed if the father
taught the family members correctly, they would do those same actions out in the
real world. On the other hand, Confucius believed that the government could
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bring social harmony by leading the people of China in the correct manor. If the
leaders are acting correctly and modeling good behavior, then the people will do
the same. Confucius also used proverbs to teach his philosophy! A proverb is like
a quote that is a life lesson that all can learn from. Confucianism was awesome,
but there were other philosophies that also jumped on the bandwagon.
Daoism is a philosophy that sprouted up because they disagreed with
Confucius and Confucianism. They were all about not interfering with each other
or nature. They believed that the government should not be involved in people’s
lives. Daoism is all about going with the flow and not causing problems. Daoists
didn’t like the fact that Confucianists thought the government should be so
involved in people’s lives. Daoists just go with the flow. Daoists believe that
nature needs to be in balance in order for things to work out. The Ying-yang is a
symbol that represents that balance. Daoists just chill and let it roll. Laozi was the
most famous teacher in Daoism.
Now, in the land of China, there were others that disagreed with both
Confucius and Daoism. They were the Legalists. The Legalists were strict. The
Legalists believed that all people were born bad and needed strict rules to keep
them from doing bad things. The Legalists ruled with an iron fist! Strict rules were
the only way to rule in Legalism. Punishments would be given to the offender as
well as the offender’s family and neighbors. Legalists would say, “It is our way or
the highway.” Or, they might simply say, “I shall live forever!” Shi Huangdi was
the most famous Legalist. He ruled the Qin Dynasty. He put legalism into practice.
Shi Huangdi would stomp out any one who opposed him. Shi Huangdi
accomplished a lot with his strict policies. Some would say he was evil, but
Legalists would say he was efficient. Shi Huangdi built the terra cotta army on his
quest to live forever. He wanted to be immortal and rule in the underworld as
well. In the end, Shi Huangdi died like all other leaders do.
In the end, China has a rich history with many different philosophies and
leaders. It started with the rivers, created dynasties and its philosophies will be
remembered forever. Therefore, Chinese history still impacts us today with its’….
(Go through all the terms one more time)
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