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AGL Autonomous Group Learning
BASED UPON CONTACTS AND THE TEXTBOOK:
MEDICAL HYPNOSIS PRIMER - Clinical and Research Evidence
developed by : SCEH - Society of Clinical and Experimental Hypnosis and ISH International Society of Hypnosis,
DRAFT TO MOTIVATE TESTING
MEDICAL HYPNOSIS PRIMER – ACUTE AND CHRONIC PAIN
A new way to learn and practice basic medical hypnosis for acute and
chronic care, on-line or in a 1 day course for doctors, nurses and
primary health care workers, or in 4 regular syllabus two hour
sessions for medical and nursing students, with support.
DIARY
(see also GUIDE and WORKPACK)
ALL IDEAS WELCOME
Version 1 – September 13, 2014
Copyright: RGAB 2014 ([email protected])
1
BASIC MEDICAL HYPNOSIS - ACUTE AND CHRONIC PAIN
INDEX
Unit
Page No.
1.
Brochure
3
2.
Registration Sheet
4
3.
First Feedback Summary
6
4.
Final Feedback Summary
8
5.
Quiz Answer Sheets
11
6.
Summary Lecture - Part 1
13
7.
Mini-case - Questions
16
8.
Mini-case - Answers
18
9.
Post- course Support
18
10.
Glossary (quiz )
2
1.
1.
BROCHURE
SPECIFIC OBJECTIVES
This brief cost effective program provides course members with the opportunity to both
understand and practice modern medical hypnosis for acute and chronic pain. It is
training support for the key 2009 textbook::
Medical Hypnosis Primer - Clinical and Research Evidence (Dr Arreed
Barabasz, Dr Karen Olness, Dr Stephen Kahn, Dr Bob Boland published by
Routledge Company)
and supporting DVD’s published with SCEH (Society of Clinical and Experimental
Hypnosis) and ISH (International Society of Hypnosis)
Training for medical and nursing students can be covered on line or in four two hour
regular course sessions. The program can also be a one day full time training course for
doctors, nurses and primary health care workers.
The specific learning objectives are to:
1.
Briefly present the basic concepts of modern medical hypnosis.
2.
Encourage health practitioners to use hypnosis as an adjunct
and reinforcement to medical care for acute and chronic pain.
3.
Encourage the teaching and practice of hypnosis as a part of the
requires syllabus of medical schools, nursing schools and
primary health care training units.
4.
Develop confidence in using basic cost effective brief hypnosis
techniques with patients.
5.
Motivate further study in the future with the courses run by the
professionally recognized national and international hypnosis societies.
The key Primer book was assembled by top hypnosis authorities, to present the basic
concepts of modern medical hypnosis and to encourage all healthcare practitioners to
learn how to use hypnosis as a cost effective reinforcement for standard proven medical
care. It advances the medical and factual aspects of this still greatly misunderstood
field. It is ideal for any hospital or clinic to teach its staff how hypnosis can be cost
effective and efficient support for a wide range of disorders.
3
The course is also inspired by the book “Trancework - An Introduction to the Practice of
Clinical Hypnosis” developed by the internationally recognized hypnosis authority Dr.
Michael D. Yapko.
2. SYLLABUS
The syllabus of this limited program with 5 units to include: basic hypnosis concepts,
hypnosis testing, acute pain, chronic pain, with self hypnosis as a key element.
Study of part of the Primer (131 pp) and DVD, is useful pre-course requirement for the
learning efficiency and effectiveness of the program.
Each unit is highly interactive with: objectives discussion, Primer review, brief lecture,
video, demo and practical exercise.
3.
AUTONOMOUS GROUP LEARNING (AGL)
Eithe on line or theAGL method is used to achieve rapid individual learning using
special materials and the stimulus of on line, partner or group interaction. Interaction
with a professional hypnosis trainer for demonstrations and organization reinforces the
learning. Study in groups, uses the materials to find the answers to all the problems
and questions.
4.
COURSE MEMBERS
Course members may be medical or nursing students, doctors, nurses or primary health
care workers etc. Each course can be modified in cultural content and time for specific
learners.
5 . COURSE DURATION
This highly interactive program can planned as on line or 4 2 hour sessions over
regular term time or as a one day full time program. The 5th session is homework. An
easy arrangement to test the program is with one instructor and 24 course members
divided into 6 small groups
4
6.
AGL GROUP ARRANGEMENTS
The work can be done on line or in groups:
a.
b.
c.
d.
IND
SG
CSG
MG
-
Individually, or
Small Group (in partners or small groups of four members which change)
Combined Small Group (two small groups together), or
Main Group (short lectures, videos demos and questions).
NOTE:
CONTACT US FOR TRIALS TO TEST THE ONLINE OR AGL
PROGRAM FOR EFFICIENCY AND EFFECTIVENESS
The program welcomes rigorous testing by different organizations, countries and
languages.
Materials and guidance for testing freely available.
Dr Bob Boland 33 450 40 8982. [email protected]
MD, MPH (Johns Hopkins), DBA, ITP (Harvard) ex UN in Geneva
5
2.
REGISTRATION SHEET
PART I BASIC DATA :
MEDICAL HYPNOSIS PRIMER – ACUTE AND CHRONIC PAIN
Date and location:
Name of member:
Title:
Organisation:
Address
Telephone/portable:
Email
PART 2 PREVIOUS BACKGROUND
Please write 1-4 lines on your relevant training and experience in the
subject area of the programme.
PART 3 OBJECTIVES
Please complete the attached sheet: "Learner Objective Setting".
Then list below, three objectives in your taking the programme.
1.
2.
3.
6
LEARNER OBJECTIVE SETTING
1. Briefly, what is your idea of a working knowledge of the subject area?
2. Briefly describe a situation you faced in the last six months which
involved the subject area. How did it arise? What did you do? What
was the result? What did you feel?
3. Can you now list (below) 20 technical words, relevant to the subject
area, that you need to use frequently?
7
3.
FIRST FEEDBACK SUMMARY
1. Basic data:
MEDICAL HYPNOSIS PRIMER – ACUTE AND CHRONIC PAIN
1. Date and location:
Name of member:
LEARNING: online or AGL group
Title:
Organisation:
Address, telephone, email:
2.
Previous background:
3.
Quiz results:
1. Quiz___ 2. Quiz___
40
40
8
FIRST FEEDBACK SUMMARY
1.
To what extent did you achieve your personal objectives? Did
anything
surprise you?
2.
Do you have any suggestions for improving the program?
3.
What other programs might be useful to your organization?
4.
At this time , what is your overall evaluation of the program. in
terms of content, presentation, administration and usefulness?
5.
Score each item below, from 1 (poor) to 5 (excellent) :
Content
Presentation
Administration
Usefulness
6. Other comments:
Signature ...............……………….......
date ................
9
4.
FINAL FEEDBACK SUMMARY (MONTH
LATER)
1. Basic data:
MEDICAL HYPNOSIS PRIMER – ACUTE AND CHRONIC PAIN
Date and location:
Name of member:
Organisation:
2. Did you complete the LMP work exactly as scheduled? Could you
please explain your reactions and difficulties?
10
FINAL FEEDBACK SUMMARY
3.
For learning research, could you please indicate your reactions to the
total online or AGL experience (circle YES or NO):
A1 Was enough guidance, briefing and help
provided?
YES NO
A2 Did the program stimulate you?
YES NO
A3 Did you know the learning objectives before
you started?
YES NO
A4 Do you think you achieved the learning
objectives?
YES NO
A5 Would you choose to learn this way again?
YES NO
A6 Were the materials practical and relevant
to you?
YES NO
B1 Were the technical difficulties and shorthand
useful in your learning?
YES NO
B2 Would a more experienced teacher have improved
the learning environment?
YES NO
B3 Did you find the materials too confusing
at times?
YES NO
B4 Were you a little embarrassed during the
learning experience?
YES NO
B5 Did the constraints upset you?
YES NO
B6 Did something disturb your learning? What
was it?
YES NO
11
FINAL FEEDBACK SUMMARY
4.
Have you actually used what you taught yourself in the online or
AGL? Do you now feel ready now for further training?
5.
How "efficient" was the online or AGL learning (doing things right)?
Please explain.
6. How "effective" was the online or AGL learning (doing the right
things)? Please explain.
7. Thank you very much for giving us this second feedback data. Do you
have any other helpful comments?
8. Would you kindly return this final feedback summary to the organiser
on the 28th day after completion of the AGL program.
12
QUIZ ANSWER SHEETS
5.
Name: ...................................................
Mark each correct answer with a clear "X"
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Score: /40
Note of errors for correction later:
13
QUIZ ANSWER SHEETS
Name: ...................................................
Mark each correct answer with a clear "X"
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Score: /40
Note of errors for correction later:
14
6.
SUMMARY LECTURE
(Homework - write your own summary for units
1-5 to reinforce the learning)
15
7. MINICASE – QUESTIONS
(Hypnosis practice with a partner to reinforce
the learning)
1.
Patient female 10 years old with leg pain
After minor accident.
2.
Patient male 55 years old with phobia of
going into lifts.
3.
Patient female 34 years old first time
pregnant.
4.
Patient male 27 years old with anxiety of
public speaking.
5.
Patient 83 years old with chronic back
pain and seven daily medications.
16
6.
Patient 10 years old with asthma.
7.
Patient 8 years old afraid of injections.
8.
Patient female 28 years old with neck
pain.
9.
Patient male 64 years old with back pain.
10.
Patient female 68 years old depressed.
17
8. MINICASE – ANSWERS
(Write what you learned from the practice with each minicase)
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
18
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
Note: Contact us if needed for our solutions
19
9. POST-COURSE SUPPORT
a. A web site is available to give help, advice and response to questions.
b. International and national societies of hypnosis are available (see web) with
current published journals and more advanced training courses.
c. Vlaamse Wetenschappelijke Hypnose Vereniging 517 3070 Kortenberg Belgium
E-mail: [email protected] Web site: http://www.vhyp.be
d. Video and DVD are available. Barabasz A., & Christensen, C. (2009). Hypnosis
induction demonstrations: Techniques, metaphors, and scripts. DVD. So many
books are available.
e. Barabasz A., & Watkins, J. G. (2005). Hypnotherapeutic techniques. New York:
Brunner-Routledge.
f. Michael D. Yapko Trancework – An Introduction to the Practice of Clinical
Hypnosis (Taylor & Francis)
g. Jensen, M. P., & Patterson, D. R. (2006). Hypnotic treatment of chronic pain,
journal of Behavioral Medicine, 29, 95-124.
h. McCarthy, P. (2001). Hypnosis in obstetrics and gynecology. In L. E. Fredericks
(Ed.), The use of hypnosis in surgery and anesthesiology (pp. 163-211).
Springfield, IL: Charles C. Thomas.
i.
Olness, K., & Kohn, D. (1996). Hypnosis and hypnotherapy with children (3rd ed.).
New York: Guilford.
j.
Paterson, D. R. Clinical hypnosis in pain control and management (unpublished
manuscript). Washington, DC: American Psychological Association.
k. Spiegel, H., & Spiegel, D. (2004). Trance and treatment: Clinical uses of hypnosis.
Washington, DC: American Psychiatric Association Publishing.
l.
Thomson, L. (2005). Hypnotic intervention therapy with surgical patients. Hypnos,
32(2), 88-96.
m. Watkins, J. G., & Barabasz, A. F. (2008). Advanced hynotherapy: Hypno-dynamic
techniques. New York: Routledge.
20
11.
HYPNOSIS GLOSSARY
Abreaction
A physical movement or an emotional outburst as a reaction to a suggestion, while in
the state of hypnosis. Some hypnotic abreactions are spontaneous and others are
created by the hypnotist. Hypnotic abreaction can be used to acquire greater depth,
cause revivification, or remove repressed emotions.
AFFIRMATIONS Positive suggestions given though hypnosis and in mental bank ideomotor
exercises in order to reprogram one's life script. The act of affirming; something affirmed; a
positive assertion. Affirmations are a useful method of "programming" your mind to act in a
particular way.
Age Regression
The state in which the subject relives past events of his life, while in the hypnotic state.
If the subject reacts as he did when he was at that younger age, but views the subject
matter with his present maturity, it is called behavioral regression; if he feels that he is
actually at the younger age, it is called revivification regression.
Alpha
Slow brainwave activity state of hypnosis (resting but awake). Also known as
hypnoidal. Alpha is slower (deeper) than Beta, the awake state, and faster than Theta,
a deep hypnotic state.
Amnesia
Loss of memory. The amnesia, which frequently occurs in hypnosis, may be either
spontaneous or induced by suggestion.
ANCHOR A specific stimulus such as a word, image or touch that through the rule of
association evokes a particular mental, emotional, and/or physiological state.
Arm Raising/Primary Induction
The Arm Raising Induction is known as the primary induction because it is used only in
the first session to create the association of hypnotic depth and establish the
expectation of a successful therapy. The therapist is able to use misdirection, as well as
inferred and literal suggestions in order to affect either the Emotionally or Physically
Suggestible client.
21
Through these suggestions, the therapist influences the client's subconscious, causing
their arm, from the fingertips to the elbow, to lift up off the table, with the hand
eventually making contact with the face. At this point it is stated that they have
reached the peak of their suggestibility and a challenge can be given with respect to
the client's hand sticking to their face. Deepening techniques would follow.
Associated
A sub-modality of NLP; a picture or visual image where you see the world out of your
own eyes. Contrast with the disassociated state where you visually observe your body
from outside the view of your eyes.
AWAKENING - The act of bringing a person up out of trance and into full conscious
awareness
Behavior Modification
The process of changing behavior by using techniques based on learning theory. The
techniques include systematic desensitization, aversion therapy, and assertion training.
Beliefs
Knowns in the subconscious.
Beta
The brainwave activity state of the normal wake state. Higher than Alpha and Theta.
Body Syndromes
A body syndrome is a physical manifestation of an emotional trauma. When an emotion
is held in or repressed instead of being processed and released, the emotion will
express itself as a physical discomfort.
Bunching
When an individual fails to separate one problem from another or one area of his life
from another. In order to help this individual, the operator must help him to separate
his problems and handle them individually.
Catalepsy
A medium depth of hypnosis, between hypnoidal and somnambulism.
22
Challenge
Essentially can I dare you, in which the hypnotist challenges the client to perform some
act that is impossible for the client to do at his depth in the hypnotic state. Examples
are the eye challenge and the arm-rigidity challenge.
CONGRUENCE - When goals, thought and behaviors are in agreement.
CONSCIOUS MIND The 12% of our mind of which we are most aware. The part responsible
for logic, reasoning, decision-making, and will power.
Corrective Therapy
The client states their problem in a sentence. Then the client is to list five synonyms to
each word in the sentence. Physical Suggestibles keep referring back to the original
words in the sentence while Emotional Suggestibles refer to each previous word they've
come up with. The last line is the subconscious problem.
Critical Mind
An area of mind that is part conscious and part subconscious. Any time a suggestion is
given to a subject that is detrimental to his well-being or in total opposition to his way
of thinking, it will affect critical area of mind, and he will critically reject it by
abreacting.
DEEPENING TECHNIQUES
Fractionation Repeatedly awakening the client and re-hypnotizing him/her with a postsuggestion to re-hypnosis.
Arm Rigidity The Hypnotherapist holds the client's outstretched arm from beneath the
elbow. He/She paternally instructs the client to draw all the tensions of their body into
their arm, from the count of five to zero. At zero the arm will be as tight as a steel bar.
The client is told the tensions will release and they'll go deeper when the therapist
touches their pulse.
Heavy Light A client's arms are both outstretched, right hand palm up and the left
hand at a right angle with thumb up. He/She is told a weight is placed in their right
hand pressing down (literal suggestion) and a powerful helium balloon is tied to their
left thumb (inferred suggestion). When right hand touches leg they'll go deeper. A
deepening technique and suggestibility test.
Staircase Having the client visualize or imagine they are standing at the top of a
staircase of twenty steps. The staircase is well lit and has a sturdy handrail. Each step
the client imagines himself/herself taking down the staircase will take them deeper into
the hypnotic state.
Eye Fixation Client is told to open eyes and look at the tip of a pen held above client's
eye level. They are instructed to follow the pen only with their eyes. As the client's eyes
23
track downward, the lids will close. When they close, the therapist touches client's
forehead and says "Deep Sleep."
Progressive Relaxation A deepening technique but also an important secondary
induction. The aim of this maternal technique is to relax the various areas of the client's
body starting from the feet if they are in the reclined position (from the head down is
they are sitting). Once the relaxation is complete toe to head, a five to zero count is
given, at which time the Hypnotherapist snaps his/her fingers and says "Deep Sleep."
Defense Mechanisms
All defense mechanisms stem from the basic instinct of survival. They operate on an
unconscious level and they serve to deny or distort reality, thoughts, and action.
Some Defense Mechanisms are: Repression, Denial, Rationalization, Projection,
Displacement, Turning against self, Reaction Formation, Overcompensation,
Intellectualization, Withdrawal, Regression, Sublimation, and Disassociation.
Dehypnotization
The process of removing a person from a hypersuggestible state.
Delta
Slowest brainwave activity pattern of sleep, and the deepest, somnambulistic state
of hypnosis. Also see Alpha, Beta and Theta.
Depth
Hypnoidal
A light stage of hypnosis, usually associated with emotional suggestibility; also
used to refer to the state of consciousness which is passed through in the
transition from sleep to waking, and vice versa. It is characterized by rapid eye
movement (REM), with an up/down motion of the eyes.
Cataleptic
A medium depth of hypnosis. Characterized by a side to side movement of the
eyes.
Somnambulism
The deepest state of hypnosis, where the client responds with amnesia,
anesthesia, negative and positive hallucinations, and complete control of the
senses. This type of person usually has 50% emotional suggestibility and 50%
physical suggestibility. It is characterized by the eyes rolling up underneath the
eyelids.
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Direct Suggestion
Hypnotic suggestions in the form of a command, or instruction. Contrast to
Inferential Suggestion.
Dissociation
The loss of feeling in different areas of the body (usually the arms and legs), while in
the state of hypnosis; being more aware of mind than of body.
DISSOCIATED A sub-modality of NLP; a picture or visual image where you visually observe
your body from outside the view of your eyes. Such as seeing your life from the perspective of
a camera, or floating above yourself.
ECOLOGY - From the biological sciences. Concern for the whole person/organization as
a balanced, interacting system. When a change is ecological, the whole person and
organization (or family) benefits.
Ego Sensation
Change of feeling in the physical body or part of the body.
EGO STATE- is one of a group of similar states, each distinguished by a particular role,
mood and mental function, which when conscious assumes first person identity. Ego
states are a normal part of a healthy psyche, and should not be confused with alters which
are multiple personalities in a person with dissociative identity disorder. .
Emotional Sexuals
Feel their sexual responses inwardly. The use their emotions to draw attention away
from their bodies. Their priorities in life are career, hobbies, relationships and family,
then a mistress and friendships.
Physical Sexuals
Project their sexual responses outwardly. They use their bodies to draw attention away
from their emotions, which they feel are vulnerable. Their priorities in life are their
relationship, children, friends and hobbies, then career.
Environmental Hypnosis
A state of hypersuggestibility, triggered when an individual is in the presence of an
overabundance of message units coming from their environment. This causes the
person to try to escape the intense input. A kind of "walking hypnosis."
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Expectation
The state of mind in which the individual expects something to happen. Expectation
triggers imagination and greatly facilitates the hypnotic induction, especially with
Emotionally suggestible subjects.
Extraverbal Communication
Communication by physical gestures or movements that infer a suggestion to an
individual, according to his interpretation. Body language is an example.
Eye Accessing Cues
An NLP technique of observing the unconscious eye movement to determine if a subject
is mentally seeing images, hearing sounds, engaging in self-dialogue or experiencing
kenisethic feelings.
Eye Fascination Induction
This is used when a Hypnotherapist notices during the interview that a client's eyes
tend to fade or blink repeatedly. The client is asked to stare at an object above eye
level. The therapist speaks rapidly and paternally, telling the client their eyelids are
getting heavier and beginning to close. When they close, the therapist touches the
client on the forehead, says Deep Sleep, then pushes the client's hands off his lap to
create a loose, limp feeling in his body.
Fight or Flight Reaction
A primitive and involuntary reaction that is triggered during danger or anxiety, in order
to protect oneself or to escape from danger.
Frame
NLP construct implying a way of perceiving something or to set a context (As if Frame,
Context Frame, Outcome Frame, Rapport Frame, Backtrack Frame).
GLOVE ANESTHESIA A type of hypno-anesthesia where the client's hand is made to feel
numb, and they are told that that numbness can be transferred to any part of their body
GUIDED IMAGERY - The focused use of imagination (not fantasy) It sets up an energy
pattern in your mind and body that can have a profound effect on your state of well being.
Hallucination
A sensory experience arising apart from any corresponding external stimulation; a
mental image taken for a reality.
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Hetero-Hypnosis
A hypnotic state that is created by another person, including the listening to of tapes or
CDs.
Homeostasis
A state of equilibrium. What the body returns to when the parasympathetic nervous
system is activated to respond to the fight/flight mechanism of the sympathetic
nervous system.
Hypnodrama
The process of acting out a role in the hypnotic state, which can be used for increasing
talents or reducing the effects of earlier traumas in the client’s life.
Hypnosis
An altered state of consciousness which results in an increased receptiveness and
response to suggestion. While associated with relaxation, hypnosis is actually an escape
from an overload of message units, resulting in relaxation. Hypnosis can be triggered
naturally from environmental stimuli as well as purposefully from an operator, often
referred to as a hypnotist.
Hypnotherapist
A therapist who utilizes hypnosis as a primary tool for assisting clients to achieve their
goals. A Hypnotherapist often differs from others therapists by focusing on the role of
subconscious behaviors and influences on the client's life.
Hypnotherapist - 079.157-010
In 1973, Dr. John Kappas, Founder of HMI, wrote and defined the profession of a
Hypnotherapist in the Federal Dictionary of Occupational Titles...
"Induces hypnotic state in client to increase motivation or alter behavior patterns:
Consults with client to determine nature of problem. Prepares client to enter hypnotic
state by explaining how hypnosis works and what client will experience. Tests subject
to determine degree of physical and emotional suggestibility. Induces hypnotic state in
client, using individualized methods and techniques of hypnosis based on interpretation
of test results and analysis of client's problem. May train client in self-hypnosis
conditioning."
Hypnotist
A person skilled in the technique of inducing the hypnotic state in others. Hypnotists
are often associated with the use of hypnosis for entertainment.
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Ideomotor Response
A response emanating from an individual's subconscious mind via the central nervous
system. Such a response is a way of avoiding judgments of the conscious mind.
Examples: handwriting, index finger raise while in hypnosis.
IDEOMOTOR RESPONSE A response emanating from an individual's subconscious mind via
the central nervous system. Such a response is a way of avoiding judgments of the conscious
mind. Examples: handwriting, index finger raise while in hypnosis.
IDEOMOTOR RESPONDING - Having client answer questions via finger movement.
Induction
The technique of hypnotizing a person. The patter used can be either maternal or
paternal; either one sends message units to the brain, preparing the subject to enter
the hypnotic state.
Inhibitory Processes
The processes that allow a person to deal with himself and with his external
environment in a rational and civilized way. When inhibitory processes are
disorganized, heterohypnosis results; when they are organized, self-hypnosis takes
place.
INITIAL SENSITIZING EVENT - An emotional event that is the ORIGIN of a certain
problem, creating a sensitivity to feelings; such as claustrophobia traced back to being
locked in a closet in early childhood.
Knowns (Pain/Pleasure Principle)
Knowns represent pleasure, in that they are things we have associated or identified
before. A Known may be either positive or negative but is accepted by the
Subconscious because it has been experienced before. Conversely, Unknowns represent
pain, or physical or psychological threats that have not been associated or identified
before.
Laws of Suggestibility
Reverse Action
The most common law, it's sometimes referred to as Reverse Psychology. A
person will respond to the stronger part of a suggestion if the alternative
presented is considerably weaker.
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Repetition
It is represented by the fact that the more we do something, the better we
become at it. By repeating suggestions in hypnosis, the stronger the suggestive
idea becomes.
Dominance
The use of authority or that of being an authority figure to "command" the client
to accept a suggestion. Capitalizing on one's position as "therapist" or by using
an authoritative tone are two approaches to apply the Law of Dominance.
Delayed Action
When a suggestion is inferred, the individual will react to it whenever a jogging
condition or situation that has been used in the original suggestive idea presents
itself.
Association
Whenever we repeatedly respond to a particular stimulus in the presence of
another, we will soon begin to associate one with the other. Whenever either
stimulus is present, the other is recalled. The post suggestion to re-hypnosis
works under this law.
Life Script
Formed from the positive and negative associations we've made throughout our life and
stored in our subconscious mind. This is reflected in a person's present life situation.
Literal/Inferred Suggestions
Literal Suggestions
A direct suggestion with no underling meaning; used primarily with Physically
suggestible subjects.
Inferred Suggestions
A suggestion given that contains a message other than the immediately obvious one.
Usually the underlying meaning is not immediately understood by the client
consciously, but he/she will have a delayed reaction to it. It is especially effective
with emotionally suggestible clients.
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Magic 30 Minutes
The last half-hour before sleep, when a person's mind is overloaded and is in a natural
state of hypnosis. Something taken into the mind at this time goes into the
precognitive stage of dreaming, instead of the venting stage.
MESMERISM - An early term for hypnosis and hypnotic and named after Franz Anton
Mesmer
MIRRORING - Putting oneself in the same posture as another person, in order to gain
rapport.
Modalities
A hypnotic modality is anything that attempts to control or modify human behavior
through the influence or creation of belief systems.
Neuro Pathways
Every time we think a thought, make a movement, experience something, this is
transformed into electro-chemical energy which is then stored in the brain. We create
pathways that allow the energy to travel in a similar fashion each time it is triggered.
The more it is triggered, the easier it is for the energy to go that route. This is how
habits and behavior, both good and bad, are created.
Neutralizing Suggestion
A suggestion that is made to counter the effect of previous suggestions that have been
given to a subject. Neutralization is especially important in stage work.
OLD TAPES - A term frequently used to describe memories that are replayed in the
imagination in a manner that influences behavior and/or attitudes.
ORIGINAL SENSITIZING EVENT - Alternate name for initial sensitizing event
PACING - Matching another's behavior, posture, language / predictates in order to build
rapport.
PAIN MANAGEMENT
A number of studies show that hypnosis can reduce the pain experienced during burn-wound
debridement,[96] bone marrow aspirations, and childbirth.[97][98] The International Journal of Clinical and
Experimental Hypnosis found that hypnosis relieved the pain of 75% of 933 subjects participating in 27
different experiments.[88]
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Hypnosis is effective in reducing pain from[99] and coping with cancer[100] and other chronic
conditions.[88] Nausea and other symptoms related to incurable diseases may also be managed with
hypnosis.[101][102][103][104] Some practitioners have claimed hypnosis might help boost the immune system of
people with cancer. However, according to the American Cancer Society, "available scientific evidence
does not support the idea that hypnosis can influence the development or progression of cancer.".[105]
The American Psychological Association published a study comparing the effects of hypnosis, ordinary
suggestion and placebo in reducing pain. The study found that highly suggestible individuals
experienced a greater reduction in pain from hypnosis compared with placebo, whereas less
suggestible subjects experienced no pain reduction from hypnosis when compared with placebo.
Ordinary non-hypnotic suggestion also caused reduction in pain compared to placebo, but was able to
reduce pain in a wider range of subjects (both high and low suggestible) than hypnosis. The results
showed that it is primarily the subject's responsiveness to suggestion, whether within the context of
hypnosis or not, that is the main determinant of causing reduction in pain.[106]
Paris Window
Used to widen the perspective of the client, so that he or she can see their problem
from more than their own viewpoint. The window is a four-paned one, where three
panes contain a question for the client. The questions are, 1). How do you feel about
the problem? 2). How do you think others feel about your problem? 3). How do you feel
about how others feel about your problem? 4). This pane contains the answer to the
client's particular problem based on their newfound perspective.
PARTS THERAPY: a complex hypnotic technique where the therapist talks with various
parts of the mind, such as the inner child and inner adult it is viewed by some as part of
ego state therapy
Paternalism
The authoritarian approach to inductions and therapy, using a rapid patter with
commanding, or even demanding, words.
Persuasive Suggestion
A suggestive idea that gives the subject a logical reason to respond. Persuasive
suggestions are particularly effective with Intellectually suggestible subjects.
Physical Sexuality
A type of sexual behavior, in which the individual reacts to physical stimulation as a
defense to protect his/her emotional behavior, thereby exaggerating the need for
physical acceptance and gratification.
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Post Hypnotic Suggestion
An example would be the command of "Deep Sleep."
Pre-Induction Speech
An introduction to hypnosis to prepare the client for the induction. It should include an
explanation of hypnosis and an idea of what he/she can expect to experience in the
state. It addresses any fears and misconceptions the client may have, all the while
building up message units.
Primitive Mind
A human being's primitive brain, with which a person will react whenever threatened
beyond the point where he/she can reason. This primitive brain produces the fight or
flight response, the unthinking impulses of self defense, or any other rapid reactions
without reason.
PROGRESSIVE RELAXATION: a type of induction involving the progressive relaxation of
various parts of the body
Rapport
The operator/client relationship, in which the client has faith and confidence in the
operator, and the operator has concern for the client.
Secondary Gain
A reason, primarily subconscious, why a person continues to perform a certain
behavior.
Self-Hypnosis - Hetero-Hypnosis
Self-Hypnosis THE KEY OBJECTIVE FOR SELF CONTROL!!!
Hypnotic state that is self-created.
Self-hypnosis happens when a person hypnotizes himdself, commonly involving the use
of autosuggestion. The technique is often used to increase motivation for a diet,
quit smoking, or reduce stress. People who practice self-hypnosis sometimes require
assistance; some people use devices known as mind machines to assist in the process,
whereas others use hypnotic recordings. Self-hypnosis is claimed to help with stage
fright, relaxation, and physical well-being.[119]
Hetero hypnosis – hypnosis with the aid of a therapist
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Shock Induction
A very rapid conversion into hypnosis. Shock inductions are primarily used only in
emergencies or possibly to "jar" a client when in therapy.
Somnambulism
A situation where a person responds equally well to all suggestions, both direct and
indirect, affecting both the body and emotions. This person would have a 50/50
Suggestibility (50% Physical Suggestible and 50% Emotional Suggestible).
STAGE HYPNOSIS - The public use of social influence and waking suggestion with our
without actual hypnosis purely for entertainment purposes. Only works with volunteers!
Stages of Amnesia
There are 3 stages of Amnesia (found at the Somnambulism Depth)
First Stage
The individual will exhibit between 20% to 40% spontaneous amnesia.
Second Stage
The individual will exhibit approximately 60% spontaneous amnesia.
Third Stage
The individual will respond to all types of suggestions. This person will exhibit
80% or more spontaneous amnesia, remembering almost nothing that occurred
while in hypnosis.
Stages of Loss
There are five stages a person must go through to completely deal with a loss. Not
every individual will display all the symptoms nor in the same time or manner. The
stages are 1). Denial, 2). Anger, 3). Bargaining, 4). Grief, 5). Resolution.
Subconscious
The 88% of our mind that is mostly below the level of our awareness. The part of our
mind responsible for reflexive action, ideomotor responses, and contains the positive
and negative associations we've made throughout our life.
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Suggestibility (Emotional/Physical/Intellectual)
Emotional Suggestibility
A suggestible behavior characterized by a high degree of responsiveness to
inferred suggestions affecting emotions and restriction of physical body
responses; usually associated with hypnoidal depth. Thus, the Emotional person
learns more by inference than by direct, literal suggestions.
Physical Suggestibility
A suggestible behavior characterized by a high degree of responsiveness to literal
suggestions affecting the body, and restriction of emotional responses; usually
associated with cataleptic stages or deeper.
Intellectual Suggestibility
The type of hypnotic suggestibility in which a subject fears being controlled by the
operator and is constantly trying to analyze, reject, or rationalize everything the
operator says. With this type of subject the operator must give logical
explanations for every suggestion and must allow the subject to feel that he is
doing the hypnotizing himself.
SURFACE STATES- are those that are most often executive for normal daily function. They
have good communication between each other meaning that these states are cognitive and
deliberative. Clinically, surface states may be accessed with or without hypnosis.
SWITCHING- When a normal ego state is in the executive and and a different ego state
becomes the executive state switching has occurred.
Sympathetic - Parasympathetic
The two divisions of the Autonomic Nervous System.
Sympathetic
When activated causes physiological changes to occur, preparing the body for
fight/flight.
Parasympathetic
A self-regulating, stabilizing system that brings a person back to a state of balance,
or homeostasis.
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Theory of Mind
The mind is divided into four areas; all of which must be affected to enter the state of
hypnosis. The four areas are;
The Primitive Area
Part of the subconscious and established from birth. It contains the fight/flight
response and the fears of falling and loud noises.
The Modern Memory Area
Also a part of the subconscious and contains all of a person's memories
(Knowns).
The Conscious Area
Formed around the age of 8 or 9, and is the logical, reasoning, decision
making part of the mind.
The Critical Area
Also formed around the age of 8 or 9, filters message units and accepts or
rejects them from entering into the Modern Memory. If the Critical Area is
overwhelmed, it breaks down, activating fight/flight, causing a
hypersuggestible state, that is, hypnosis.
TIME DISTORTION: the term for a unique phenomenon where we lose conscious awareness
of how much time has passed (examples: 5 minutes can seem like 20 minutes, or vice versa).
Venting Dreams
The third stage of dreaming (after Wishful Thinking and Precognitive
Stages), characterized by the mind's attempt to vent, or release, the overload of message
units accumulated during the day.
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CONCLUSIONS
1.
FOR THE HEALTH WORKER, SUCCESS in CLINICAL
MEDICAL HYPNOSIS FOR ACUTE AND CHRONIC PAIN,
COMES WITH: CONFIDENCE AND PRACTICE.
2,
FOR THE PATIENT, SUCCESS IN CLINICAL MEDICAL
HYPNOSIS FOR ACUTE AND CHRONIC PAIN, COMES
WITH: CONFIDENT AND SELF-HYPNOSIS TO MOBILIZE
ALL OF THE INNER RESOURCES FOR SELF HEALING.
3
GOOD LUCK FOR THE FUTURE …
4
ON WE GO TOGETHER … TIME TO DO DSECTION 5 AND
TO FULLY UNDERSTAND THE KEY TEXT BOOK
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