Download Biological Molecules Quick Review

Biological Molecules Quick Review
All living things are composed of organic compounds. Carbon atoms can share electrons with a wide variety of elements also commonly found in organic compounds, the
most notable being other carbon atoms, hydrogen atoms and oxygen atoms. These four types of biological molecules compose all life on earth: Carbohydrates, Lipids,
Proteins, Nucleic Acids.
monomer
polymer
Form bonds
Break bonds
Food and
naturally
occurring
Structure
Carbohydrate
Monosaccharides
Glucose
ribose
Disaccharide: Sucrose, lactose
Polysaccharides: Starch, cellulose,
glycogen
condensation
Lipid
Glycerol
Fatty acid
Protein
Amino acids
Nucleic acid
Nucleotides
(3 parts:ribose, phosphate, base)
Phospholipids
triglyceride
polypeptides
DNA
RNA
condensation
Peptide bonds condensation
Covalent bonds between 3 parts
of nucleotide
Bases held with hydrogen
bonds
hydrolysis
Sugars
Cereals
Fibre
chitin
glucose
hydrolysis
Fats
Wax
Oil
Nuclear membrane
hydrolysis
Muscle
Egg
nuts
DNA in nucleus of cell
Draw house, garage and
satellite dish of nucleotide and
ladder structure of DNA
Ribose ( Draw)
Functions
energy store: Starch in plants
glycogen in liver
Structure: Cellulose and chitin
Transport: sucrose in plants, glucose
in blood
Storage: more energy that
carbohydrates
Insulation: under skin conducts heat
slowly
Waterproofing: waxy cuticle on leaf
Buoyancy…float on water
(hydrophobic)
Structure: keratin in skin, hair
nails, collagen
Contraction :Muscles
Enzymes. Control reactions
Defence: antibodies
Hormones:
Transport: in and out of cells
DNA Contains the information
for the manufacture of all
proteins –
RNA carries the information.