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AP Biology
Review Sheet
II. Cell Biology
A. Cell Theory (Life is cellular, man) Handout: A Unifying Concept: the
History of Cell Theory
B. Cell Types on Earth 6.1, 6.2
1. Prokaryotic
2. Archaebacteria
3. Eukaryotic
C. Generic Cell 6.2
1. Characteristics in common for all cells
D. Transport Processes 7.3, 7.4, 7.5, 36.2
1. Diffusion
2. Osmosis
3. U Tube Example
a. water concentration
b. osmotic concentration (conc. gradient)
*hypertonic/hypotonic/isotonic
c. osmotic potential (free energy gradient)
d. water potential (for cells with cell walls)
e. passive vs. active transport concept
E. Cell Anatomy 7.1, 7.2, 6.2-6.6
1. Cell Membrane Structure (“phospholipid, fluid, mosaic, semipermeable, bilayer”)
a. phospholipid bilayer
b. mosaic concept (proteins, cholesterol, glycocalyx)
c. permeability
d. protein channels (passive/active) (uniports, symports,
antiports)
2. A Tour of the Cell
a. prokaryotic cells
b. eukaryotic cells
3. Organelles
a. single bilayer organelles
b. double bilayer organelles
c. organelles with no bilayer
F. Endosymbiotic Hypothesis Page 516-517 The First Eucaryotes
Lab: Diffusion and Osmosis with dialysis tubing and potatoes.
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