Download Energy Study Guide Part 1

Energy Unit Review
What is energy? the ability to do work and make changes happen
2. What does the Law of Conservation of Energy say? Energy cannot be created or destroyed,
it transforms/transfers from one form of energy to another
3. The largest source of energy for all the earth is the _Sun_.
4. What is thermal energy?
Give 2 examples.
The energy of heat (conducton, convection, radiation) caused
1. Sun’s heat
by the movement of particles in an object, the higher the
2. Cooking on a stove
temperature of an object the more thermal energy it has
5. What is chemical energy?
Give 2 examples.
The energy stored in the chemical bonds of molecules
1. Food we eat, batteries
2. Chemical reactions
6. What is nuclear/atomic energy?
Give 2 examples.
The energy stored in the nucleus of an atom
1. Fission, fusion
2. The Sun
7. What is radiant energy?
Give 2 examples.
Electromagnetic energy which includes all visible light
1. Light from the sun or lamp
and waves of light that cannot be seen by the human eye
2. Microwaves/radio waves
8. What is mechanical energy?
Give 2 examples.
The energy of moving parts, the sum of an objects potential
1. Moving gears, machines
and kinetic energy
2. Moving wind,water,people
9. What is electrical energy?
Give 2 examples.
The energy of moving electrons
1. TV/radio plugged in a socket
2. Charging a phone or tablet
10. What energy transformations must occur to make cars move up a hill?
Chemical of gasoline changes into mechanical and thermal
11. When a light bulb is turned on, what type of energy transformations occur?
Electrical from the socket into radiant and thermal
12. Windmills turn __mechanical_ energy into ___electrical__ energy.
13. What causes macaroni noodles to rise and fall in a pot of boiling water?__convection__
14. When you walk on the hot summer beach sand, what kind of thermal energy transfer are
you feeling?_conduction_
15. The sun’s rays traveling through space is an example of which form of thermal energy
transfer?_radiation_
16. A person lying on the beach is getting hot because of what type of thermal energy
transfer? _radiation_
17. When you eat lunch, you are changing the _chemical_ energy stored in food into
_mechanical_ energy when you chew.
18. What type of heat transfer allows warmth from a fire to reach your hands? _radiation_
19. Explain why a metal spoon in a cup of hot water gets warmer.
Since the metal spoon is touching the hot water the heat is conducted up the metal spoon.
1.
20. Explain how the oven, stove, and microwave are examples of conduction, convection, and
radiation.
Oven~the heated air inside the oven circulates and cooks the food by convection
Stove~the heating element that the pot sets on touches the bottom of the pot cooking the food
by conduction
Microwave~the unseen light waves cook the food by radiation
21. What is potential energy?
Give 1 example.
Energy stored by an object due to its position or make-up
1. Rock at the top of a
mountain, car at the top of a
roller coaster, wood used to
burn in a fire
22. What is kinetic energy?
Give 1 example.
The energy of motion
1. A rolling ball, waves of light
traveling thru space, person
walking
Look at the roller coaster and answer questions 23 and 24.
A.
B.
D.
C.
E.
23. Where would you have the greatest potential energy? _A_
24. Where would you have the greatest kinetic energy? _B_
25. How does a coal burning power plant work?
Coal is burned which heats up water and changes the water to steam. The steam travels thru
the turbine, turning the turbine which spins the coils of a generator producing electricity.
26. How do toasters transform energy? electrical  thermal
27. Know how to classify the 5 forms of energy into potential or kinetic.
Potential – mechanical, chemical, nuclear
Kinetic – mechanical, sound, electrical, radiant (electromagnetic), thermal
28. A compressed spring has _elastic potential_ energy.
29. A hair dryer turns _electrical_ energy into _mechanical/thermal_ energy.
30. Explain how thermal energy behave/move?
Moves thru conduction (2 items touching), convection (circulation of liquid or gas) and radiation
(movement of particles or waves)
Always moves from warmer to cooler objects
31. When testing the time it took for the chocolate morsels to melt on the foil bridge, what
were the independent and dependent variables?
IV – Chocolate chip # DV- Time to melt
32. What is composting and how does it fit into the energy unit?
Composting is the breaking down of organic material in order to create rich soil additives that
can be used to supply nutrients to plants. It fits into the energy unit because the energy from
living matter is returned to the ground and reused by plants; composting can help us understand
how energy is circulated through an ecosystem.