Download File

Name: ____________________________________________
Unit 1C Study Guide
Minerals and Moles
What is the role of chemistry in the life cycle of metals?
1
Date: ___________
Right Now:
1. If you have a dozen donuts how many do you have?
2. If you have four dozen donuts how many do you have?
Quick Notes:
1. 1 mole = _________________________________________
2. Define the unit, mole: __________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________
_.
3. The number of particles in one mole, 6.02 x 1023, is known as
___________________________________.
4. Avogadro’s constant can be used to convert an amount of moles into
____________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________.
5. Define Molar Mass: __________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________.
6. What is the molar mass of Carbon:
_________________________________________.
7. What is the molar mass of hydrogen peroxide:
___________________________________________.
2
Calculating Molar Mass
Date: __________________
Chemical equations describe the relationships among atoms. In the lab, we measure substances with grams. Therefore
we need to be able to count atoms with mass. The unit of a mole allows a chemist to scale up to measurable quantities
allowing one to determine the amount of material they may need or may wish to produce. Converting between
particles, moles, and mass is critical for chemists. At the center of this conversion is molar mass (MM). The molar mass
of a substance is the mass of one mole (6.02 × 1023 units) of the substance. It allows one to covert from moles to mass
which is measurable. MM has the label of “g/mol.” The Periodic Table lists the relative mass of a mole of that element.
Therefore the molar mass of a compound is simply the sum of the atomic masses of its components.
Example: What is the molar mass of water, H2O?
Steps Involved List all of the elements
 Write down the subscript of each element
(multiply the subscripts inside and outside of a
parenthesis)
 Look up the atomic mass on the periodic table
 Multiply the subscript by the atomic mass
 Add up all of the products
Element
Subscript
Atomic Mass
Product
Total =
Try it! Find the molar mass of each of the following substances.
1. Nitrogen atom (N)
4. Sucrose (C12H22O12)
Element Subscript Atomic Mass
Product
Element Subscript Atomic Mass
Product
Total =
2. Nitrogen Gas (N2)
Element Subscript Atomic Mass
Product
Total =
Total =
5. Magnesium phosphate Mg3(PO4)2
Element Subscript Atomic Mass
3. Sodium Chloride (NaCl)
Element Subscript Atomic Mass
Product
Total =
Total =
3
Product
4. potassium hydroxide: KOH
4
5
Date: ___________
Right Now:
1. Calculate the percent body fat of a 58-kg female distance runner who has 9.1-kg of body fat.
Quick Notes:
_____________________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________________
6
7
8
Date: ___________
Right Now
Quick Notes:
_____________________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________________
9
Date: ___________
Right Now
Quick Notes:
_____________________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________________
10
11
Date: ___________
Right Now
Quick Notes:
_____________________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________________
12
13
14
15
16
17
Date: ___________
Right Now
Quick Notes:
_____________________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________________
18
19
20
How Big is a Mole? EXTRA CREDIT
Date: ______________
A mole is 6.02 x 1023 of anything. A mole of basketballs would just about fit into a ball bag the size of the Earth!
However a mole of atoms can fit in the palm of your hands. Although calculations using the mole involve simple
multiplication and division, they seem hard because scientific notation involving really large or really small numbers is
used. Scientific notation is a short-hand way to express really big and really small numbers. The power of the ten tells
you how many places to move the decimal point. If the power is positive, you move the decimal to the right; if the
power is negative, you move the decimal to the left. When you use your calculator, you have to use the scientific
notation button (EE).
1. Write the decimal form of the following numbers
a. 2.0 x 102 cm _______________________ which is (larger, smaller) than zero
b. 6.0 x 10-4 cm _______________________ which is (larger, smaller) than zero
2. Multiply 2.0 x 102 cm and 6.0 x 10-4 cm. When you use your calculator you type 2.0 EE 2 x 6.0 EE – 4. The EE
button is usually above the “7” key. For graphing calculators only one E shows up on the screen.
3. Use your calculator to get the answer to: (3.1 x 103 g) x (12.1 x 106 g) = ____________
(6.5 x 10-10 g)
4. Spend exactly one minute making dots in the box below.
5. Now, count the dots. This is your rate in dots/minute.
6.
Working at this rate, how many dots could you make in an hour? Convert dots/min to dots/hour. Show your
work!
7.
Working at this rate, how many dots could you make in a year? Convert dots/hour to dots/year. Show your
work!
8. So how long would it take you to make a mole of dots? That’s 6.02 x 1023 dots! Show your work!
21
UNIT 1.C STATIONS REVIEW ANSWER SHEET
STATION 1
STATION 2
STATION 3
STATION 4
STATION 5
STATION 6
22