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Welcome Course: Teacher: Contact: Algebra 1B (Year two of a two year integrated algebra program) A. Ferraro [email protected] Please feel free to contact me anytime via email. I believe it is the best means of communication. I check my email often throughout the day. Course Description The algebra curriculum has been revised to align with the current New York State Standards of 2008. It has been designed to improve the problem solving abilities of each student while continuing to develop mathematical skills, concepts, and computation. Critical thinking, organizational skills, and the ability to communicate effectively are also stressed throughout the year. It is intended that each student will obtain a better understanding of the material studied and attain the knowledge necessary to successfully continue in the high school mathematics program. Throughout the school year, students will study the various topics, outlined below, through the use of individual, partnered and group work. Students will use various materials and resources in order to fully understand the covered concepts. It is my hope that all students will have a greater interest and appreciation for mathematics upon completion of this class. Supplies Pencils Paper 3-ring binder 5 section dividers labeled: Warm Ups Notes HW Quizzes Review Remember: The more organized you are, the easier it will be to study for homework quizzes, quizzes, cumulative quizzes, and tests. Homework – 35% Homework is a critical part of learning mathematics. Mathematics is not a “spectator sport.” One must do math in order to learn math. It is crucial that students complete all assigned homework by the beginning of each class. Homework is assigned for practice after each topic has been discussed in class. If they pay attention in class, students will be able to complete all respective assignments. Any questions regarding homework will be addressed during homework review at the beginning of each class. I strongly believe it is a time for practice and learning. There are no late homeworks. Every Friday there will be a homework quiz, with the exception of the final Friday of the month. At the end of each quarter, two of these quiz grades will be dropped. If you are absent for a homework quiz, it will count as a zero (that quiz grade can be dropped as one of the two drops). This should encourage you to ask questions and discourage you from copying homework. Your overall homework average will be the average of your in class homework quizzes and your daily homework completion. Quizzes – 20% Quizzes are given bi-weekly as a way of monitoring student progress. Cumulative quizzes will be given at the end of each month. It is our hope that the constant review will help you to feel more confident and be more prepared for midterms/final exams. Tests – 45% Tests will be given at the completion of each unit. Tests will demonstrate students' mastery of the topics covered. ***Attendance NOTE: If you are absent for a quiz, cumulative quiz or test, you have ONE WEEK from the date it was given to make it up. If you do not make it up in this time, the grade will be recorded as a zero. Course Grade Since this is a full year course, your course grade is calculated using the following: Each quarter counts as 2/10 Midterm is 1/10 Final Exam is 1/10 EXTRA HELP We strongly encourage you to seek extra help when you are struggling or when you do not understand a concept, however the intent of extra help is not to provide you with an excuse to pay less attention in class. The purpose of extra help is to assist you in becoming more independent, not more dependent on us. We do not want to encourage poor habits or enable you by allowing you to depend on us too much; we want to help you learn how to help yourself. Students are expected to be Respectful, Responsible and Prepared each and every day I look forward successful school year. can so that you will potentials. Best wishes to working with each and every one of you for a very It is my hope to provide you all with the best opportunities I have the chance to learn and succeed to your greatest for a great school year! ~Mrs. Ferraro In the words of Galileo: “You can not teach a man (human) anything; you can only help him to discover it in himself.” Algebra 1B Curriculum I. Graphing Linear and Nonlinear Functions (4 weeks) A. Functions 1. Definition of a function 2. Determine when a relation is a function by examining multiple representations (ordered pairs, mappings, equations, and graphs) 3. Vertical Line Test B. Identify and graph linear functions C. Identify and graph absolute value functions 1. Explore Vertical and Horizontal Shifts D. Graph linear inequalities E. Equations of a Line 1. Explain slope as a rate of change between dependent and independent variables. Including: Calculate rates using appropriate units and solve problems involving conversions within measurement systems. 2. Determine slope of a line, given the coordinates of two points on a line. 3. Write the equation of a line, given the coordinates of two points on a line. 4. Write an equation of a line, given its slope and the coordinates of a point on the line. 5. Write the equation of a line parallel to the x-axis or y-axis. 6. Determine the slope of a line, given its equation in any form. 7. Determine if two lines are parallel or perpendicular, given their equations in any form. 8. Given an equation of a line, write an equation for a line parallel or perpendicular to the given equation. 9. Given an equation of a line, determine whether a given point is on a line. 10. Determine whether a given point is in the solution set of a system of linear equalities. *** Please be advised – graphs must be accompanied by a table of values*** II. Graphing Quadratic Functions (2 weeks) A. Graphs of Quadratics 1. Identify quadratic graphs 2. Graphing quadratic equations of the form y = ax2, y = ax2 + c, and y = ax2 + bx + c. (Optional inclusion of a parabola in the vertex form y = (x – h)2 + k) 3. Determine the vertex and axis of symmetry of a parabola given either the equation or the graph. 4. Investigate how changing the coefficients of a function affects its graph. For example, compare the graphs of quadratics in the form y = ax2, by changing the sign on a. and the value of a 5. Find the roots of a parabolic function graphically (integral solutions only). 6. Understand the relationship between the roots of a quadratic equation, the factors of a quadratic expression, and the x-intercepts of the parabola. III. Systems of Equations (1-2 weeks) A. Solve systems of linear equations and inequalities with rational coefficients in two variables graphically. B. Solve systems of two linear equations in two variables algebraically. (May have already been covered in semester 1) C. Solve a system of one linear and one quadratic equation in two variables (the quadratic is a parabola and the solutions should be integers) D. Solve systems of linear and quadratic equations graphically (integer solutions only). IV. Exponential Functions (2 weeks) A. Exponential Expressions 1. Evaluate exponential expressions B. Exponential Function Graphs 1. Identify exponential functions i. y = abx explore what a, b and x represent 2. Graph exponential functions C. Solving Exponential Functions 1. Solve Exponential Equations with the same base 2. Solve Exponential Equations with powers of the same base. 3. Analyze and solve verbal problems that involve exponential growth and decay. V. Right Triangles (3 weeks) A. Radicals 1. Simplify 2. Four arithmetic operations using radicals (leaving answers in simplest radical form) 3. Rationalizing B. Pythagorean Theorem C. Special Right Triangles 1. Derivations of the Relationships between the sides of a 45-45-90 and a 30-60-90 D. Right Triangle Trigonometry 1. Find the sine, cosine, and tangent ratios of an angles of a right triangles, given the lengths of the sides 2. Determine the measure of an angle of a right triangle, given the lengths of any two sides of the triangle 3. Find the measure of a side of a right triangle, given an acute angle and the length of another side 4. Right Triangle Trigonometry applications using Angle of Depression and/or Angle of Elevation. VI. Statistics (2 weeks) A. Making Sense of Data 1. Categorize Data as qualitative or quantitative. 2. Determine whether the data to be analyzed is univariate or bivariate. 3. Determine when collected data or display of data may be biased. 4. Evaluate published reports and graphs that are based on data by considering: experimental sign, appropriateness of the data analysis, and the soundness of the conclusions. 5. Understand the difference between correlation and causation and identify variables that might have a correlation. 6. Identify and describe sources of bias and its effect 7. Recognize how linear transformations of one-variable data affect the data’s mean, median, mode, and range. B. Measures of Central Tendency Vs Measures of Dispersion 1. Mean, Median, Mode and Range – 2. Compare and contrast the appropriateness of difference measure of central tendency or a given data set. 3. Quartiles and Percentiles 4. The 5 Number Summary – Minimum, Q1, Median (Q2), Q3, and Maximum C. Graphical Representations - Construct, Analyze, and Interpret 1. Histogram 2. Cumulative Frequency Histogram 3. Box-and-Whisker Plot 4. Scatterplot a. Construct manually a reasonable line of best fit for a scatterplot and determine the equation of a line. b. Using the line of best fit to make a prediction involving interpolation and/or extrapolation. VII. Probability (2 weeks) A. The Counting Principle 1. Use the counting principle to determine the number of possible events B. Conditional Probability 1. Sample Spaces and Tree Diagrams 2. Determine the number of elements in a sample space and the number of favorable events. 3. Calculate the probability of an event and its complement. 4. Determine empirical probabilities based on specific sample data. 5. Determine, based on calculated probability of a set of events, if: i. some or all are equally likely to occur ii. one is more likely to occur than another iii. whether of not an event is certain to happen or not to happen 6. Calculate the probability of: i. a series of independent events ii. a series of dependent events iii. two mutually exclusive events iv. two events that are not mutually exclusive C. Permutations 1. Determine the number of possible arrangements. 2. Calculate Permutations using the notation nPr.