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Ch 29 Echinoderms and Invertebrate Chordates 29.1 Phylum Echinodermata A. What is an Echinoderm? - Marine invertebrates w/ spiny skin 1. Echinoderms have endoskeletons – _______________ structures made of calcium carbonate a). rays – b). Pedicellariae – 2. Echinoderms have _______________________________ – enables animal to sense predators and food from all directions 3. Water vascular system used for movement, ________________ exchange, capturing food… a). Tube feet – b). Ampulla – c). Water vascular system – d). Madreporite – 4. Echinoderms have varied nutrition 5. Echinoderms have a simple nervous system - ________________________ but have a simple nerve ring. Most have cells that detect light, sea stars have ______________________ at the tips of the rays 6. Echinoderms have bilaterally symmetrical ____________________ B. Diversity of Echinoderms 1. Class_____________________________________________________________– have at least five tapered rays that extend from a central disk 2. Class _________________________________________ – brittle to the touch, parts will break off in your hand if you try to pick them up. Propel themselves by “slithering” 3. Class ______________________________________________ – Sand dollars do not have rays but have a five-petal flower pattern. Sea urchins have long spines used for protection and to aid locomotion. 4. Class ______________________________________ – use tentacles to feed on the sea floor 5. Class ___________________________________________________ – sea lilies are the only sessile echinoderm. Adult feather stars use arms to swim from place to place. 29.2 Invertebrate Chordates – Phylum Chordata A. What is an Invertebrate Chordate? – have a _______________, a dorsal hollow nerve cord, ______________________, muscle blocks, bilateral symmetry, a coelom and segmentation. 1. All chordates have a notochord a). notochord – 2. All chordates have a dorsal hollow nerve cord – The anterior cells become the brain and the other nerves are connected to the muscle blocks. a). dorsal hollow nerve cord – 3. All chordates have gill slits – invertebrates adults keep the gill slits a). gill slits – 4. All chordates have muscle blocks – B. Diversity of Invertebrate Chordates 1. Tunicates are sea squirts - Subphylum ________________________________ - filter feeders w/ free swimming larva and sessile adults 2. Lancelets are similar to fishes – Subphylum _______________________________ – filter feeders that keep body shape throughout life.