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Climate: Biodiversity: Plants: Animals: Other Characteristics: TUNDRA (Arctic and alpine) Arctic; arid Low Lichen, mosses, small shrubs Caribou, arctic fox, some insects, some birds, polar bear Permafrost-permanently frozen subsoil Shallow; widely-spread roots on plants adapted to short growing seasons and thin rocky soil Animals: TAIGA (Boreal/Coniferous Forest) Sub-arctic; semi-arid Low Conifers (cedar, spruce, pine and fir) Mosses and lichen Insects, birds, mammals (rabbits, mink, raccoon, bear and moose) Other Characteristics: Low evaporation leading to a swampy terrain Largest terrestrial biome Climate: Biodiversity: Plants: TEMPERATE DECIDUOUS (Hardwood/broadleaf Forest) Climate: Temperate; semi-humid Biodiversity: High Plants: Beech, maple, oak, hickory, ferns, mosses and shrubs Animals: Insects, amphibians, reptiles, birds, mice, chipmunks, squirrels, deer, bobcats and bear Other 4 seasons Characteristics: Trees lose their leaves Pennsylvania’s biome TEMPERATE GRASSLAND (Prairie, outback, pampas, veldts, steppe) Climate: Temperate; semi-arid Biodiversity: Medium-high Plants: Grasses; no trees Animals: Worms, insect, amphibians, reptiles, birds, mice, prairie dogs, rabbits, coyotes, bison and antelope Other Plant height is limited by the amount of precipitation Characteristics: Excellent soil (Great Plains=breadbasket) Climate: Biodiversity: Plants: Animals: Other Characteristics: DESERT (Temperate/tropical; Hot/cold) Dependent; arid Low Succulents such as cacti and aloe Sagebrush, mesquite, tumbleweed Insects, reptiles, birds, rodents Extreme temperature fluctuations in a 24 hour period Plant roots shallow; widely spread Death Valley National Park has more than 3.3 million acres of spectacular desert. Badwater is the lowest point (-282 feet) in North America. Climate: Biodiversity: Plants: Animals: Other Characteristics: TROPICAL GRASSLANDS (Savanna) Tropical; semi-arid Low to medium Grasses and scattered clumps of trees (acacia and baobab) Insects, reptiles, birds, zebra, giraffes, antelopes, lions, cheetahs and hyenas Poor soil Two seasons; wet/dry Climate: Biodiversity: Plants: Animals: Other Characteristics: TROPICAL RAIN FOREST Tropical; humid High Tall flowering, broadleaf evergreen trees; vines and epiphytes; few plants on forest floor Insects, reptiles, amphibians, birds, monkeys, sloths, leopards, pigs and tigers Poor soil Daily precipitation An abundance of houseplants originate from the rainforest Emergent layer above a dense canopy, understory and forest floor Brazilian rain forest is visible behind the smoke of an actively burning fire caused by slash and burn agriculture. Credit: NASA/Doug Morton Changes in ecosystems (6b) are discussed at: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=jHWgWxDWhsA(7:47) and http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=5qblwORXwrg(2:26).