Download Evolution

Evolution
Age of Universe
 Estimate:
15 Billion Years!
– Earth: 4.6 billion years old
Evolution of Theory
 Definition
 Early
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Views
Greek philosophers
Judeo-Christian view
“Chain of Being”
 Carolus
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Linnaeus (1707-1778)
fixity of species
taxonomy
Theory of Evolution (cont.)
 Jean
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Baptiste Lamarck (1744-1829)
inheritability
 Catastrophism
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Georges Cuvier (1769-1832)
 Uniformitarianism
 Thomas
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(19th century)
Malthus
population biologist
Theory of Evolution (cont.)
 Charles
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Darwin (1809-1882)
English biologist/naturalist
5 year world tour
 H.M.S.
Beagle
 Galapagos Islands – Pacific Ocean near Ecuador
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Finch Study
Natural Selection
Origin of Species (1859)
The Descent of Man (1871)
Observed Examples of Natural
Selection
 Introduction
 British
Moths
 DDT & House Flies
 Antibiotics & Bacteria
Heredity
 Gregor
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Mendel (1822-1884)
Austrian monk / botanist
garden pea experiments
dominant and recessive
genotype vs. phenotype
 Genes
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units of heredity
alleles
homozygous vs. heterozygous
chromosomes
Population Genetics
 Mutation
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major source of variability
 Genetic
Drift
– random process in small populations
– founder’s principle
 Gene
flow
– gene sharing through sexual
reproduction
– cline
Speciation
 Definitions
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species
speciation
 Causes
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separation
breeding times
mating displays / behavior
body structure
geographical barriers
Evolution of Life
 Analogy
– no shared ancestry
– phenotypes that evolved for similar purpose
– convergent evolution
 Homology
– shared ancestry
– parallel evolution
– adaptive radiation
Punctuated Equilibrium
 Punctuated
Evolution?
Equilibrium or Gradual
Continental Drift
 Plate
Tectonics
 Pangea