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Gene Section
Mini Review
BLCAP (bladder cancer associated protein)
Wu Xinxing, Zhao Min, Zuo Zehua
School of Medicine, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, 430071, P.R. China (WX, ZM, ZZ)
Published in Atlas Database: May 2008
Online updated version : http://AtlasGeneticsOncology.org/Genes/BLCAPID801ch20q11.html
DOI: 10.4267/2042/44444
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-Noncommercial-No Derivative Works 2.0 France Licence.
© 2009 Atlas of Genetics and Cytogenetics in Oncology and Haematology
Function
Identity
BLCAP protein was a member of transmembrane
protein 1. By analyzing the signal peptide of BLCAP
protein, we found a cleavage site in 63-64 aa. It showed
that there might be three phosphorylated sites: 68 aa, 73
aa and 78 aa. In 78-81 aa, a typical [ST]-X(2)-[DE]
structure- the phosphorylated site of tyrosine protein
kinase was found.
Other names: BC10
HGNC (Hugo): BLCAP
Location: 20q11.23
Note: Bladder cancer associated protein is a protein
which is believed to be involved in the carcinogenesis.
Lower levels of BLCAP have been identified in
advanced bladder cancer and cervical carcinoma,
suggesting a correlation between lower-expression of
BLCAP and tumor development.
Homology
The comparability between the sequences of BLCAP
gene and Homo sapiens mRNA (DKFZP564M053) or
BC10 was 99% and 87% respectively.
DNA/RNA
Implicated in
Description
The BLCAP gene located in chromosome 20q11.2-q12,
consists of only one exon and the coding region spans
264 bp. The comparability between the sequences of
BLCAP
gene
and
Homo
sapiens
mRNA
(DKFZP564M053) or BC10 was 99% and 87%
respectively.
Cervical cancer
Disease
The bladder cancer-associated protein gene (BLCAP)
was among the differentially expressed genes in
cervical cancer. BLCAP is expressed highly in non
cancerous cervical tissues, but it is greatly lost in
primary cervical cancer tissue. After transfected
BLCAP cDNA into HeLa cells, HeLa cells shows
reduced cell growth and clone genicity compared to the
vector-transfected cognate cells. BLCAP expression in
HeLa cells leads to growth arrest and significantly
enhanced apoptosis in vitro and reduced tumor
formation in vivo.
Protein
Description
The protein encoded by BLCAP were composite of
Leu(19.5%), Pro(9.19%), ser(8.04%), cys(8.04%) and
other amino acids. The N-terminal of the protein which
was encoded by BLCAP gene was an alpha helix. At
the C-terminal, it was beta sheet and in the middle, it
was coil. The two terminal regions were more
hydrophobile than the middle region. Between 45-65
aa, there was a transmembrane region.
Bladder cancer
Disease
The bladder cancer-associated protein gene (BLCAP,
bladder cancer, Mr 10 kDa) was exclusively expressed
in the non invasive lesions of bladder cancer. The fulllength bc10 cDNA contains a complete open reading
frame (ORF) of 263 bp and encodes a protein
composed of 87 amino acids that has no homology to
any of the known protein families. Transient expression
Expression
Expression in human tissues with a relatively low level
of expression in cervix, bladder, testis, placenta, spleen
and peripheral blood leukocytes.
Atlas Genet Cytogenet Oncol Haematol. 2009; 13(4)
258
BLCAP (bladder cancer associated protein)
Xinxing W, et al.
of bc10 cDNA in COS1 cells yielded a primary
translation product with an apparent Mr of 9.8 kDa and
pI of 6.7, in agreement with the theoretical calculated
value. Comparison of mouse and human bc10 genomic
loci revealed an intron less organization of the coding
region in both species as well as a highly conserved
structure having 91% and 100% identity at the DNA
(coding region) and protein levels, respectively.
Southern analysis did not reveal gross DNA
rearrangements within the bc10 genomic locus in the
invasive bladder tumors, implying that the differential
expression of the gene most likely reflects alterations in
messenger expression (transcription and/or mRNA
decay). The downregulation of this novel marker in
invasive tumors suggests a putative role in bladder
cancer progression.
Osteosarcoma
Disease
The positive rate of BLCAP protein in primary
osteosarcoma was very high, much higher than that in
recurrent osteosarcoma. It may be helpful for
evaluating the prognosis of osteosarcoma to study the
relationship between expression of BLCAP protein and
malignancy of osteosarcoma.
References
Gromova I, Gromov P, Celis JE. bc10: A novel human bladder
cancer-associated protein with a conserved genomic structure
downregulated in invasive cancer. Int J Cancer. 2002 Apr
1;98(4):539-46
Su HC, Zhao YH, Fan DG, Fan QY, Zhang P, Wen YH, Liu YY.
[Relationship between expression of BLCAP protein and
malignancy of osteosarcoma]. Xi Bao Yu Fen Zi Mian Yi Xue
Za Zhi. 2003 Sep;19(5):465-6
Tongue carcinoma
Disease
Bladder cancer-associated protein gene (BLCAP) is a
novel candidate tumor suppressor gene identified from
the human bladder carcinoma. BLCAP overexpression
could inhibit cell growth by inducing apoptosis in HeLa
cells. Such evidence suggests the alterations in BLCAP
may play an important role in tumorigenesis.
Overexpressed BLCAP resulted in growth inhibition of
the human tongue cancer cell line Tca8113 in vitro,
accompanied by S phase cell cycle arrest and apoptosis.
The growth inhibition was correlated with upregulation of p21 (WAF1/CIP1) expression and downregulation of Bcl-XL and Bcl-2 expressions. However,
p53 expression and NF-kappaB activity remained
unchanged post infection. Furthermore, no changes in
p53 phosphorylation at Ser46 and nuclear localization,
which are critical to p53 function, were observed in
BLCAP-overexpressed cells. Taken together, BLCAP
may
play a role not only in regulating cell proliferation but
also in coordinating apoptosis and cell cycle via a novel
way independent of p53 and NF-kappaB.
Clutterbuck DR, Leroy A, O'Connell MA, Semple CA. A
bioinformatic screen for novel A-I RNA editing sites reveals
recoding editing in BC10. Bioinformatics. 2005 Jun
1;21(11):2590-5
Evans HK, Weidman JR, Cowley DO, Jirtle RL. Comparative
phylogenetic analysis of blcap/nnat reveals eutherian-specific
imprinted gene. Mol Biol Evol. 2005 Aug;22(8):1740-8
Zuo Z, Zhao M, Liu J, Gao G, Wu X. Functional analysis of
bladder cancer-related protein gene: a putative cervical cancer
tumor suppressor gene in cervical carcinoma. Tumour Biol.
2006;27(4):221-6
Zuo ZH, Zhao M, Liu J, Wei Y, Wu XX. [Inhibitory effect of
bladder cancer related protein gene on HeLa cell proliferation].
Ai Zheng. 2006 Jul;25(7):811-7
Yao J, Duan L, Fan M, Yuan J, Wu X. Overexpression of
BLCAP induces S phase arrest and apoptosis independent of
p53 and NF-kappaB in human tongue carcinoma : BLCAP
overexpression induces S phase arrest and apoptosis. Mol Cell
Biochem. 2007 Mar;297(1-2):81-92
Nishimoto Y, Yamashita T, Hideyama T, Tsuji S, Suzuki N,
Kwak S. Determination of editors at the novel A-to-I editing
positions. Neurosci Res. 2008 Jun;61(2):201-6
This article should be referenced as such:
Xinxing W, Min Z, Zehua Z. BLCAP (bladder cancer associated
protein). Atlas Genet Cytogenet Oncol Haematol. 2009;
13(4):258-259.
Atlas Genet Cytogenet Oncol Haematol. 2009; 13(4)
259