Download Key Messages from the South-East Asia Sub-regional Consultation Meeting

Key Messages from the South-East Asia
Sub-regional Consultation Meeting
– Preparation for the Asian and Pacific Energy Forum –
Jesus T. Tamang
Director
Energy Policy and Planning, Energy Center, Philippines
Bangkok, 21 November 2012
1. Overview of the sub-region
Table 1: Basic Indicators of South-East Asia (2010)
Country
Total land area
(square km)
Population
(thousand)
GDP
($US - billion)
GDP per capita
($US)
Brunei Darussalam
Cambodia
Indonesia
Lao PDR
Malaysia
Myanmar*
Philippines
Singapore
Thailand
Timor-Leste**
Viet Nam
5,765
181,035
1,860,360
236,800
330,252
676,577
300,000
710
513,120
14,874
331,051
415
15,269
234,181
6,230
28,909
60,163
94,013
5,077
67,312
1,176
86,930
12.402
12.168
708.032
6.508
238.849
43.025
189.326
223.015
318.709
1.054
107.650
29,915
731
3,023
1,045
8,262
715
2,014
43,929
4,735
896
1,238
Source: ASEAN Community in Figures (ACIF 2011)
*Myanmar: $US-Kyat exchange rate is based on the parallel rate, as used in the IMF-WEO April 2011
**The World Bank, Country and Economies. 2011. (http://data.worldbank.org/country; accessed on 12 September, 2012);
UNDATA, Country Profile – 2009. (http://data.un.org/; accessed on 12 September, 2012).
2. Energy Situation Overview
Primary Energy Mix, ASEAN
Countries (2007)
23.5%
14.8%
Coal
Oil
Gas
Hydro
2.9%
Geothermal
Others
1.2%
21.4%
• Fossil-fuel resources dominate
the energy mix in ASEAN
countries
• “Others” refers, essentially, to
traditional biomass
• In Timor-Leste, the energy mix
is composed of oil (11%) and
biomass (89%) (figures from
2006)
36.2%
Source: International Energy Agency (IEA), Lao PDR Ministry of Energy and Mines (Lao MEM)
World Bank, “Table 1: Timor-Leste 2006: Useful Energy Share of Major Fuels for All Sectors”
2. Energy Situation Overview
Primary Energy Requirements in ASEAN (Mtoe)*
Source: ASEAN, The 3rd ASEAN Energy Outlook (Jakarta: The ASEAN Secretariat, February 2012), p. 21.
2. Energy Challenges
The meeting agreed on the following challenges:
Major
Challenges!
• The need to reduce energy intensity of countries in the sub-region
• Attracting large-scale investment, mobilizing financial resources and innovative
financing mechanisms
• Deployment of large-scale low-carbon and zero-carbon energy technologies
• Implementation of an integrated energy market in the sub-region
• The increasing dependency on imported energy
• The increasing demand for energy
• The accessibility and affordability to electricity and modern energy services in
some countries in the sub-region
• The need to diversify the energy mix in the sub-region
3. Potential for regional cooperation
Cooperation among South-East Asian countries will be based on the mechanisms
and arrangements that already exist within the ASEAN community
3. Potential for regional cooperation
ASEAN Power Grid Network
3. Potential for regional cooperation
Trans-ASEAN Gas Pipeline Project
4. Main messages and recommended actions
• Creating an integrated energy network for power and gas
• To be built on the existing plans for TAGP and APG
• Restructuring energy pricing mechanisms so as to be cost-reflective
• Optimizing the sustainable exploitation of indigenous energy resources
• Deploying low-carbon and zero-carbon energy technologies
• Continuing to improve energy efficiency by:
• Decoupling economic growth from energy demand in the long term, while
understanding the dynamics of economic sectors and its relation to energy
• Meeting the target set in the ASEAN Plan of Action to reduce energy intensity
by 8% in 2015, based on 2005 levels
• Considering a more ambitious energy intensity target within ASEAN beyond
2015
4. Main messages and recommended actions
• Reducing dependency on imported energy by:
• Improving energy efficiency in the sub-region
• Diversification of the energy mix by enlarging the role of renewables and
alternative energy
• Developing indigenous fossil fuel resources in a sustainable manner
• Strengthening capacity development for policy formulation, planning and
implementation
• Accelerating joint R&D focusing on low-carbon and carbon-free energy
technologies and promoting demonstration projects
5. Possible synergies with the rest of the Asia-Pacific
region
Some challenges shared with other sub-regions:
• Reliance on fossil fuels and increasing energy imports from outside the sub-region
• Need to usher in a more sustainable energy development path, by increasing
energy efficiency, the share of renewables in the energy mix, and large-scale
advanced fossil-fuel technologies (with a focus on clean coal technologies)
• Provide access to modern energy services
Areas of potential synergies with Asia-Pacific:
• Institutional arrangements on energy security and international cooperation
within the ASEAN community could serve as an inspiration to the Asia-Pacific
as a whole
• Contributing to the deployment of new energy technologies in Asia-Pacific,
• Extension of current infrastructure projects (Trans-ASEAN Gas Pipeline and
ASEAN Power Grid) beyond South-East Asia
Thank you for the attention
Jesus T. Tamang
Director
Energy Policy and Planning, Energy Center, Philippines