Download Information study tips for Lab Quiz #1

Lab Quiz #1 Information – Biology 212
This lab quiz will focus on only visual recognition of the material from Lab 3/4 Animal Diversity Lab.
Note that for the Lab Practicum (on March 6) you will also need to know the functions of the
structures.
Types of questions:
You will be shown a picture of an organism or a slide and asked:
• What phylum (or other taxa as specified – see below) does this specimen belong to?
• What is the name of this structure?
• For slides, what is the specimen name? (species or genera as listed)
You will be responsible for knowing the taxa listed below. Where multiple taxa are listed, you need to
know them all.
• Example: a crab is in Class Malacostraca, which is in the Phylum Arthropoda.
• Example: a snake is in the Class Reptilia, which is in the Subphylum Vertebrata, which is in the
Phylum Chordata.
List of taxa – be able to give the taxa name based on a picture of the organism, or one of the
demonstration slides
Phylum Porifera (sponges)
Phylum Cnidaria (corals, jellies, hydras, sea anemones)
Phylum Platyhelminthes (flatworms)
Phylum Mollusca (slugs, snails, squid, octopus, oysters)
Phylum Annelida (segmented worms - earthworms, polychaetes, leeches)
Phylum Nematoda (roundworms – nematodes)
Phylum Arthropoda
Note: You do not need to know subphylum for this group, only Phylum and class.
Class Malacostraca (crabs, lobsters, and shrimps)
Class Maxillopoda (barnacles and copopods).
Class Arachnida (spiders, mites, ticks, scorpions)
Class Merostomata (horseshoe crabs).
Class Insecta (insects)
Class Chilopoda (centipedes)
Class Diplopoda (millipedes)
Phylum Echinodermata (sea stars, sea urchins, sea cucumbers, sand dollars)
Phylum Chordata
Subphylum Urochordata (sea squirts and tunicates)
Subphylum Cephalochordata (lancelets)
Subphylum Vertebrata
Class Cephalaspidomorphi (Class Petromyzontida) (lamprey)
Note: I will accept either of the class names for this group
Class Chondrichthyes (rays, skates and sharks)
Superclass Osteichthyes
Class Actinopterygii (ray-finned fish – most of what you think of as a “fish”, e.g., tuna, salmon,
“goldfish”/koi, trout, and seahorses)
Class Sarcopterygii (lobe-finned fish, e.g., coelacanth & lung fish).
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Class Amphibia (frogs, salamanders)
Class Reptilia (snakes, lizards, turtles, crocodiles, alligators, and birds)
Superorder Archosauria (birds & crocodiles)
Note: I will also accept Class Aves for birds. You will not need to know the other
superorders within the reptiles (e.g., a snake is just in Class Reptilia, no need to also put Superorder
Lepidosauria)
Class Mammalia
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Structures to be able to identify
Phylum Porifera (sponges)
• Demonstration Slides: Leucosolenia
Structures to identify on slide: spicules, osculum
• Various specimens
Structures to identify on slide: osculum
Phylum Cnidaria (corals, jellies, hydras, sea anemones)
• Slide: budding Hydra
Structures to identify on slide: tentacle, mouth/anus
• Slide: Obelia medusa
Structures to identify on slide: tentacle, mouth/anus
• Slide: Obelia hydroid w/ polyps
Be able to identify this slide
• Various specimens
Structures to identify on specimen: polyp (hydroid) form vs. medusa form, tentacles,
mouth/anus
Phylum Platyhelminthes (flatworms)
• Slide: Planaria
Structures to identify on slide: pharynx, eyespots (ocelli)
• Slide: Taenia
Structures to identify on slide: scolex (“head”), rostellum (protuberance on scolex), proglottids
(w/reproductive structures), suckers, hooks
Phylum Mollusca (slugs, snails, squid, octopus, oysters)
• Various specimens
Structures to identify on specimens: shell, foot, head
• Slide: Mollusca radula
Be able to identify this slide
Phylum Nematoda (roundworms – nematodes)
• Slide: Trichinella spiralis (encysted in pork)
Be able to identify this slide
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Phylum Arthropoda
• Slides: Megalops (crab)
• Various specimens
Structures to identify on specimens or slide: exoskeleton, head, thorax, cephalothorax,
abdomen, chelicerae, antennae, jointed appendages
Phylum Echinodermata (sea stars, sea urchins, sea cucumbers, sand dollars)
• Various specimens
Structures to identify on specimens: spine, mouth, arm, tube feet
• Slide: Starfish tube feet
Be able to identify this slide
Phylum Chordata
Subphylum Cephalochordata (lancelets)
• Slide: Amphioxus
Structures to identify on slide: notochord, nerve cord, pharyngeal gill slits/bars, mouth, caudal
fin, post anal tail
Tips for learning this material.
This section is not an assignment. Use it if you find it helpful. Ignore it if you don’t.
The key to leaning this type of material is repetition, and spreading out your study time into small
portions over several days.
Exercise #1 - learning taxa and visualizing examples
1. Using the list provided above, write out the names of the taxa once, being careful to note spelling.
2. Pronounce the names out loud while you are writing them.
3. For each taxon, visualize an organism from the list of examples for that taxon.
4. Put your notes away and give yourself a break or work on something else for awhile (at least several
hours).
5. With just a blank piece of paper in front of you (no notes!), write down as many of the taxa as you can
remember. If you can remember a common name for a group, but can’t remember the phylum (or class),
put that down as well.
6. Go back to your notes. Add any groups that you have missed and check your spelling.
7. Pronounce the names out loud while you are checking your spelling.
8. Visualize an organism from the list of examples for that taxon.
9. Put your notes away and give yourself a break or work on something else for awhile (at least several
hours).
10. Repeat steps 5-9 as necessary until you can list all of the taxa (spelled correctly) and can visualize
examples. Be sure to give yourself a break of several hours between each attempt.
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Exercise #2 – focus on structures
Note: Use the list above for this, as it has fewer structures than your lab handout.
1. Make a list of all the slides (slide name, species name or structure)
2. For each slide, note which phylum (or other taxon, e.g., class) it is in
3. Look at each slide in your notebook, paying attention to the structures to identify.
4. If a structures is unclear in your notebook, check your textbook.
5. Take a break
6. After your break, with just a blank piece of paper in front of you (no notes!), make a list of all the
slides.
7. Now get out your notes and check your list - make corrections as needed.
8. From memory, make a quick sketch of what the slide looked like, and label any of the structures you
can remember.
9. Get out your notebook and check your sketches, making changes and adding labels as needed.
10. Take a break
11. Repeat steps 6-10 as necessary until you can do the sketches with structures from memory.
Use this same technique to help you with identifying structures on the prepared specimens, or pictures of
live samples.
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