Download 3 Abdomen and Pelvis

The Abdomen and Pelvis
Anatomage Table
Instructors Guide- Abdomen and Pelvis
Table of Contents
Abdomen and Pelvis 1- The Skeletal System............................................................................................3
1: Lumbar Vertebrae..............................................................................................................................3
2: Bony Pelvis.......................................................................................................................................4
3: Sacrum and Coccyx...........................................................................................................................7
Suggested Clinical Correlates (CC): ................................................................................................9
Abdomen and Pelvis 2- The Muscular System........................................................................................10
1: Anterolateral Abdominal Wall Muscles...........................................................................................10
2: Posterior Abdominal Wall Muscles.................................................................................................11
3: Pelvic Floor.....................................................................................................................................13
Abdomen and Pelvis 3- The Cardiovascular System ..............................................................................15
1: Paired Branches of the Abdominal Aorta........................................................................................15
2: Unpaired Branches of the Abdominal Aorta...................................................................................16
3: Pelvic Arteries.................................................................................................................................19
4: Venous Caval System......................................................................................................................21
5: Venous Portal System......................................................................................................................23
Suggested Clinical Correlates (CC): ..............................................................................................25
Abdomen and Pelvis 3- The Digestive System .......................................................................................26
1: Stomach...........................................................................................................................................26
2: Small Intestine.................................................................................................................................27
3: Large Intestine.................................................................................................................................29
4: Accessory Digestive Organs and Spleen.........................................................................................32
Suggested Clinical Correlates (CC): ..............................................................................................34
Abdomen and Pelvis 4- The Urinary and Female Reproductive System ................................................35
1: Urinary System................................................................................................................................35
2: Female Reproductive System..........................................................................................................36
Suggested Clinical Correlates (CC): ..............................................................................................38
Appendix..................................................................................................................................................39
Abdomen and Pelvis 1- The Skeletal System
1: Lumbar Vertebrae
•
Describe the primary and secondary curvatures of the vertebral column
•
Describe the dominant movements allowed within each of the various vertebral regions
•
Describe the variation between the various vertebral levels for typical vertebrae
Inferior articular process
Lamina
Median sacral crest
Superior articular process
T12, L1-L5 Spinous process
Transverse process
1. a. Lumbar Vertebrae (Posterior)
L3 Spinous process
L3 Vertebral body
Lamina
Pedicle
Transverse process
Vertebral foramen
1. b. Vertebral Arch (Superior)
Inferior vertebral notch
Intervertebral disc L3/L4
Intervertebral foramen
L3 Spinous process
L3 Vertebral body
L4 Vertebral body
Pedicle
Superior vertebral notch
Transverse process
1. c. Intervertebral Foramen (Lateral)
Coccyx
Intervertebral disc L4/L5
Intervertebral disc L5/S1
L4-L5 Vertebral body
Point of lumbosacral angle
Sacral body
Sacral canal
Sacral promontory
Vertebral canal
1. d. Lumbosacral Angle (X-ray Lateral)
2: Bony Pelvis
•
Describe the bony components of the pelvic girdle
•
Describe the boundaries of the pelvic inlet and outlet and the difference between the true and
false pelvis
Coccyx
Ilium
Ischium
Pubic symphysis
Pubis
Sacroiliac joint
Sacrum
2. a. Bony Pelvis (Anterior)
Ilium
Median sacral crest
Sacral ala
Sacral body
Sacral canal
Sacroiliac joint
2. b. SacroIliac Joint (Axial-cut Superior)
Ala of sacrum
Arcuate line
Ilium
Pelvic brim (Inlet)
Pubic symphysis
Sacral promontory
Superior pubic ramus
2. c. Pelvic Inlet (Superior)
Anterior superior iliac spine
(ASIS)
Iliac crest
Iliac fossa
Ilium
Pelvic brim (inlet)
Sacral promontory
2. d. False Pelvis (Anterior)
Coccyx
Inferior pubic ramus
Ischial spine
Ischial tuberosity
Obturator foramen
Pelvic brim (inlet)
Pubic symphysis
Sacral body
Superior pubic ramus
2. e. True Pelvis (Posterior)
Ilium
Ischial tuberosity
Ischiopubic ramus
Obturator foramen
Pubic symphysis
Pubis
Senior pubic ramus
2. f. Obturator Foramen (Anterolateral)
3: Sacrum and Coccyx
•
Describe the difference between the orientation of the sacral foramina as compared to the
intervertebral foramen
Ala of sacrum
Anterior sacral foramen
Cocyx
L5, S1-S5 Vertebral body
Sacral promontory
3. a. Anterior Sacral Foramina (Anterior)
Coccyx
L5 Spinous process
Median sacral crest
Posterior sacral foramen
S4/S5 Vertebral body
3. b. Posterior Sacral Foramina (Posterior)
Coccyx
Medial sacral crest
Pubic symphysis
S1-S5 Vertebral body
Sacral canal
Sacral hiatus
Vertebral canal
3. c. Sacral Canal (Sagittal Cut - Lateral)
Coccyx
Median sacral crest
Posteiror sacral foramen
Sacral hiatus
3. d. Sacral Hiatus and Coccyx (Posterior)
Suggested Clinical Correlates (CC):
Cholelithiasis without Cholecystitis
Marked Scoliosis with Thoracolumbosacral
Fusion
Case 0319 Spina Bifida
Comminuted Burst Fracture of Right
Acetabulum
Case 0297 Fx Pelvis
Abdomen and Pelvis 2- The Muscular System
1: Anterolateral Abdominal Wall Muscles
•
Identify the surface features and major muscles of the anterolateral abdominal wall
•
Describe the formation of the rectus sheath and the attachments of each muscle
Costal cartilagesCostal margin
Linea alba
Pubic symphysis
Pubic tubercle
Rectus abdominis
Rectus abdominis
Tendinous intersections
Umbilicus
Xiphoid process
1. a. Rectus Abdominis (Anterior)
5th-10th Rib
ASIS
Costal margin
External oblique
Iliac crest
Linea alba
Pubic tubercle
Rectus abdominis
Semilunar line
1.b. External Abdominal Oblique (Anterolateral)
External oblique
Internal oblique
Linea alba
Lumbar vertebral body
Semilunar line
Skin
Spinous process
Transverse process
Transversus abdominis
Transversus abdomnis
1.c. Obliques (Axial Cut- Inferior)
External oblique
Internal oblique
Transverse abdominis
1. d. Anterolateral Abdominal Wall (Coronal-cut Anterior)
2: Posterior Abdominal Wall Muscles
•
Name the movements of the trunk and describe the muscles associated with each movement
•
Identify the “core” muscles or the muscles of the posterior abdominal wall
Iliacus
Psoas major
T12, L1-L4 Vertebral body
2. a. Psoas Major and Iliacus (Coronal-cut Anterior)
Iliac crest
L. Kidney
Liver
Quadratus lumborum
R. Kidney
Spleeen
Transverse process
2.b. Quadratus Lumborum (Coronal-cut Anterior)
Erector spinae
L. Kidney
Psoas major
Quadratus lumborum
R. kidney
Spinous process
Transverse process
2.c. Posterior Abdominal Wall (Axial Cut- Superior)
3: Pelvic Floor
•
Describe the component parts of the pelvic floor and describe the orientation of the levator ani
Anus
Ilium
Ischioanal fossa
Ischium
Levator ani
Levator ani
Obturator internus
3. a. Levator Ani (Coronal-cut Anterior)
Ilium
Ischium
Obturator externus
Obturator foramen
Urinary bladder
Uterus
3.b. Obturator Internus (Coronal-cut Anterior)
Gluteus maximus
Gluteus medius
Ilium
Piriformis
Sacrum
3.c. Piriformis (Coronal-cut Anterior)
Anus
Gluteus maximus
Gluteus medius
Ilium
Ischioanal fossa
Levator ani
Obturator internus
Piriformis
Sacrum
3.d. Ishioanal Fossa (Coronal-cut Posterior)
Abdomen and Pelvis 3- The Cardiovascular System
1: Paired Branches of the Abdominal Aorta
•
Identify the paired branches off the abdominal aorta
•
Identify the vertebral level associated with the common iliac arteries
External iliac a.
Internal iliac a.
Common iliac a.
Abdominal aorta
1. a. Common Iliac aa.
Abdominal aorta
Common iliac a.
L. Renal a.
R. Renal a.
Thoracic aorta
1. b. Renal aa.
Common iliac a.
L. 1st-4th lumbar a.
R. 1st- 4th lumbar a.
L. Renal a.
R. Renal a.
Abdominal aorta
1. c. Lumbar aa.
Deep circumflex iliac a.
External iliac a.
Inferior epigastric a.
1. d. Inferior Epigastric aa.
2: Unpaired Branches of the Abdominal Aorta
•
Identify the unpaired branches off the abdominal aorta
•
Identify the branches and organs supplied by the celiac trunk, and the superior and inferior
mesenteric vessels
Abdominal aorta
Celiac trunk
Common hepatic a.
Left gastric a.
Splenic a.
2. a. Celiac Trunk
Abdominal aorta
Celiac trunk
Common hepatic a.
Cystic a.
Gastroduodenal a.
Hepatic artery proper
L. Hepatic a.
R. Hepatic a.
2. b. Common Hepatic a.
Anterior superior
pancreaticoduodenal a.
Gastroduodenal a.
L. Gastric a.
R. Gastroomental a.
Superior pancreaticoduodenal a.
2. c. Gastroduodenal Artery
Celiac trunk
Segmental splenic a.
Spleen
Splenic a.
2. d. Splenic a.
Abdominal aorta
Ileocolic a.
Intestinal a.
Middle colic a.
Superior mesenteric a.
2. e. Superior Mesenteric a.
Abdominal aorta
Inferior mesenteric a.
L. Colic a.
Sigmoidal a.
Superior rectal a.
2. f. Inferior Mesenteric a.
3: Pelvic Arteries
•
Describe and identify the arteries found within the true and false pelvis
Abdominal aorta
Common iliac a.
External iliac a.
Internal iliac a.
3. a. Pelvic Vasculature (Anterior)
Abdominal aorta
Anterior division of internal iliac
a.
Common iliac a.
External iliac a.
Internal iliac a.
Posterior division of internal iliac
a.
3. b. Internal Iliac Artery (Sagittal-cut Medial)
Internal iliac a.
Iliolumbar a.
Lateral sacral a.
Superior gluteal a.
3. c. Posterior Division of the Internal Iliac a.
Inferior gluteal a.
Internal iliac a.
Internal pudendal a.
Obturator a.
Visceral branch
3. d. Anterior Division of the Internal Iliac a.
Anterior division of internal iliac
a.
Internal iliac a.
Inferior gluteal a.
Posterior division of internal iliac
a.
Superior gluteal a.
3. e. Gluteal Arteries
4: Venous Caval System
•
Review the pattern of venous drainage for the caval system and identify the organs that
would have venous return to the heart through the IVC
Abdominal aorta
Common iliac a.
Inferior vena cava
L. Common iliac v.
R. Common iliac v.
4. a. Inferior Vena Cava
External iliac v.
Inferior vena cava
Internal iliac v.
L. Common iliac v.
R. Common iliac v.
4. b. Common Iliac Veins
Ascending lumbar v.
Inferior vena cava
L. Common iliac v.
R. Common iliac v.
4. c. Ascending Lumbar Veins (Low-visibility)
External iliac v.
Internal iliac v.
L. Common iliac v.
4. d. Internal Iliac Vein (Sagittal-cut Medial)
L. Renal v.
L. Ovarian v.
R. Renal v.
Inferior vena cava
4. e. Renal Veins
5: Venous Portal System
•
Review the pattern of venous drainage for the portal system and identify the organs that
would have venous return to the heart through the hepatic portal v.
Abdominal aorta
Inferior mesenteric v.
Inferior vena cava
Portal v.
Splenic v.
Superior mesetneric v.
5. a. Portal v.
Inferior vena cava
Left hepatic v.
Liver
Middle hepatic v.
Portal v.
Right lung
5. b. Hepatic vv.
Abdominal aorta
Inferior mesenteric v.
Inferior mesetenteric a.
Portal v.
Splenic v.
5. c. Inferior Mesenteric v.
Ileocolic v.
Jejunal and ilial vv.
Middle colic v.
Right colic v.
Superior mesenteric a.
Superior mesenteric v.
5. d. Superior Mesenteric v.
Inferior mesenteric v.
Portal v.
Spleen
Splenic v.
5. e. Splenic v. (Axial-cut Superior)
Suggested Clinical Correlates (CC):
Angio-infrarenal Aortic Aneurysm
Large Descending Thoracic Aortic Aneurysm
Occluded Left Renal Artery
Case 0206 Infrarenal Aortic Aneurysm
Bilateral Popliteal Aneurysm
Slight Wall Thickening and Focal Irregularity of
Abdominal Aorta with Fusiform Dilatation
Small Pericardial Effusion
Case 0167 Bilateral Aneurysm
Abdomen and Pelvis 3- The Digestive System
1: Stomach
•
Describe the orientation, parts, and external features of the stomach
•
Identify the associated viscera in contact with the stomach
Aorta
Azygos v.
Body of stomach
Cardia of stomach
Fundus of stomach
Greater curvature of stomach
Hemiazygos v.
Left dome of diaphragm
Lesser curvature of stomach
Liver
Spleen
1. a. Stomach Curvatures (Axial-cut Low-visibility)
Aorta
Body of stomach
Cardia of stomach
Esophagus
Fundus of stomach
Left dome of diaphragm
Left kidney
Pylorus
Spleen
1. b. Body of Stomach (Sagittal-cut Lateral)
Body of stomach
Duodenum
Greater curvature of stomach
Lesser curvature of stomach
Liver
Pyloric sphincter
Pylorus
1. c. Pyloric Sphincter (Coronal-cut Anterior)
2: Small Intestine
•
Identify the three portions of the small intestine and review the typcial orientation and length of
each portion
•
Describe the four segments of the duodenum and the respective vertebral level for each
•
Review the arterial branches supplying the various portions of the small intestine
1st (Superior ) part of the
duodenum
Ampulla of duodenum
Body of gallbladder
Liver
Pyloric canal of stomach
Pyloric sphincter
2. a. 1st part of Duodenum (Coronal-cut Anterior)
2nd (descending) part of
duodenum
3rd (horizontal) part of duodenum
4th (ascending) part of duodenum
Proximal jejunum
Superior mesenteric a.
Superior mesenteric v.
2. b. 2nd-4th parts of Duodenum (Low-visibility)
Duodenum
Ileum
Jejunum
2. c. Small Intestine (Coronal-cut Anterior)
Ascending colon
Cecum
Ileocecal junction
Ileocolic a. and v.
Ileum
2. d. Ileocecal Junction (Low-visbility)
3: Large Intestine
•
Identify the portions and respective locations of the portions of the large intestine
•
Describe which portions of the large intestine are retroperitoneal
•
Review the arterial supply and venous drainage for the portions of the large intestine
Ascending colon
Cecum
Ileum
3. a. Cecum and Ascending Colon (Low-visbility)
1st (superior) part of the
duodenum
Hepatic flexure
Liver
Pyloric sphincter
Splenic flexure
Stomach
Transverse colon
3. b. Transverse Colon (Sagittal-cut Lateral)
Body of gallbladder
Hepatic flexure
Liver
Transverse colon
3. c. Hepatic Flexure (Axial-cut Low-visbility)
Aorta
Spleen
Splenic a.
Splenic flexure
Stomach
3. d. Splenic Flexure (Axial-cut Low-visbility)
Ascending colon
Descending colon
Left kidney
Right kidney
Small intestine
3. e. Ascending and Descending Colon (Axial-cut)
Bladder
Descending colon
Sigmoid colon
3. f. Sigmoid Colon (Low-visbility)
Anal canal
Bladder
Coccyx
Pubic symphysis
Sacral body
Uterus
Vaginal canal
3. g. Anal Canal (Sagittal-cut Low-visbility)
Ascending colon
Cecum
Descending colon
Hepatic flexure
Sigmoid colon
Splenic flexure
Transverse colon
3. h. Large Intestine (Low-visbility)
Ascending colon
Cecum
Descending colon
Hepatic flexure
Sigmoid colon
Splenic flexure
Transverse colon
3. i. Large Intestine (X-ray)
4: Accessory Digestive Organs and Spleen
•
Identify the parts and features of the accessory digestive organs
•
Describe the location, vasculature, and role of the spleen
•
Describe the course of the superior mesenteric arteries for the accessory digestive organs
•
Describe the normal position and external features of the liver including its lobes
Aorta
Body of pancreas
Head of pancreas
Neck of pancreas
Spleen
Splenic a.
Splenic v.
Superior mesenteric a.
Tail of pancreas
4. a. Pancreas (Axial-cut Low-visibility)
Body of pancreas
Colic impression
Diaphragmatic surface
Gastric impression
Hilum
Left kidney
Lower pole
Spleen
Splenic a.
Splenic v.
Upper pole
4. b. Spleen (Anterior)
Hepatic portal v.
I-VIII segments of liver
Left lobe of liver
Right lobe of liver
4. c. Liver Lobes and Segments (Coronal-cut Anterior)
Body of gallbladder
Liver
4. d. Gallbladder (Low-visbility)
Body of gallbladder
Cystic duct
Fundus of gallbladder
Liver
Neck of gallbladder
4. e. Biliary System (Axial-cut Inferior Low-visibility)
Suggested Clinical Correlates (CC):
Chronic Pancreatitis
Status Post Liver Transplant
Status Post Right Partial Nephrectomy
Case 0276 Renal Cell Carcinoma
Metastatic Neuroendocrine Tumor with Bone
and Liver Metastases
Whipple's Resection
Case 0295 Pancreas and Liver Cancer
Abdomen and Pelvis 4- The Urinary and Female Reproductive
System
1: Urinary System
•
Describe the external and internal features of the kidney
•
Discuss the possible points of constricture for the ureters
•
Describe the location of the bladder and discuss the differences between the male and female
urethra
Abdominal aorta
Anterior surface
Inferior pole
Lateral margin
Left kidney
Medial margin
Renal hilum
Right kidney
Superior pole
1. a. Kidneys (Anterior)
Abdominal aorta
Left kidney
Left renal a.
Renal hilum
Right kidney
Right renal a.
1. b. Renal Hilum (Axial-cut Inferior)
Left kidney
Pubic bone
Pubic symphysis
Renal hilum
Right kidney
Urinary bladder
1. c. Urinary Bladder (Coronal-cut Low-visibility)
Apex of bladder
Fundus of bladder
Inferior surface of bladder
Labia
Neck of bladder
Pubic symphysis
Superior surface of bladder
Urethra
Uretuers
Urinary bladder
Vaginal canal
1. d. Urethra (Sagittal-cut Low-visibility)
2: Female Reproductive System
•
Describe the structure of the external and internal features of the female reproductive system
Ampulla
Fundus of uterus
Labia
Pubic symphysis
Uterine tube
Vaginal canal
2. a. Uterus (Anterolateral)
Body of uterus
Cervix
Fundus of uterus
Pubic symphysis
Urinary bladder
Uterine cavity
Vaginal canal
2. b. Vaginal Canal (Sagittal-cut Low-visibility)
Labia majora
Mons pubis
2. c. Female External Genitalia (Low-visibility)
Suggested Clinical Correlates (CC):
Hyperemic and Enlarged Uterus
Large Abdominal Ectopic Pregnancy with Fetus
in Right Abdomen
Case 0178 Abdominal Ectopic Pregnancy
Large Right Sided Pelvic and Retroperitoneal
Mass
Right-Sided Hydronephrosis with Ureter Stent
Several Enlarged Inguinal Lymph Nodes
Case 0336 Endometrial Stromal Sarcoma
Appendix
Abdomen and Pelvis 1- The Skeletal System
Library Case: 0318
Goal(s):
Identify, describe structures, and discuss clinical correlates of the (1) vertebral column and (2) bony
pelvis.
Annotated Anatomy:
1: Lumbar Vertebrae
Inferior articular process, Lamina, Transverse
process, Superior articular process, T12, L1-L5
Spinous process, Median sacral crest, Pedicle, L3,
L4 Vertebral body, Vertebral foramen,
Intervertebral disc L3/L4, L4/L5, L5/S1,Superior
vertebral notch, Inferior vertebral notch,
Intervertebral foramen, Point of lumbosacral angle,
Sacral promontory, Sacral body, Coccyx, Sacral
canal, Vertebral canal
2: Bony Pelvis
Ischium, Coccyx, Ilium, Sacroiliac joint, Sacrum,
Obturator foramen, Pubis, Pubic symphysis, Sacral
body, Sacral canal, Median sacral crest, Sacral ala,
Pelvic brim (inlet), Superior pubic ramus, Arcuate
line, Ala of sacrum, Sacral promontory, Anterior
superior iliac spine (ASIS), Iliac fossa, Iliac crest,
Ischial spine, Ischial tuberosity, Ischial tubrosity,
Obturator foramen, Inferior pubic ramus, Superior
pubic ramus, Ischiopubic ramus
3: Sacrum and Coccyx
L5, S1-S5 Vertebral body, Coccyx, Anterior sacral
foramen, Sacral promontory, Ala of sacrum, L5
Spinous process, Median sacral crest, Posterior
sacral foramen, Pubic symphysis, Coccyx, Sacral
hiatus, Median sacral crest, Sacral canal, Vertebral
canal, Sacral hiatus
Abdomen and Pelvis 2-The Muscular System
Library Case: 0318
Goal(s):
Identify, describe structures, attachments, functions and discuss clinical correlates of the (1)
anterolateral abdominal wall muscles, (2) posterior abdominal wall muscles, (3) pelvic floor, and (4)
trunk movements.
Annotated Anatomy:
1: Anterolateral Abdominal Wall
Muscles
Pubic symphysis, Pubic tubercle, Linea alba,
Umbilicus, Rectus abdominis, Costal cartilage,
Costal margin, Xiphoid process, Tendinous
intersection, Semilunar line, 5th- 10th Rib, External
oblique, Iliac crest, ASIS, Pubic tubercle, Internal
oblique, Transversus abdominis, Skin, Umbilicus,
Lumbar vertebral body, Spinous process,
Transverse process
2: Posterior Abdominal Wall
Muscles
Iliacus, Psoas major, T12, L1-L4 Vertebral body,
Iliac crest, Quadratus lumborum, Transvese
process, Left kidney, Spleen, Liver, Right kidney,
Erector spinae
3: Pelvic Floor
Ilium, Ischium, Obturator internus, Ischioanal
fossa, Levator ani, Anus, Uterus, Urinary bladder,
Obturator foramen, Obturator externus, Piriformis,
Gluteus medius, Gluteus maximus, Sacrum
Abdomen and Pelvis 3- The Cardiovascular System
Library Case: 0198 (Topic 1-3) , 0318 (Topic 4-5)
Goal(s):
Identify, describe structures, and discuss clinical correlates of the (1) abdominal aorta, (2) common
iliac artery and its branches, (3) superior mesenteric artery and its branches, (4) venous caval system,
and (5) venous portal system.
Annotated Anatomy:
1: Paired Branches of the
Abdominal aorta, Common iliac a., Internal iliac a.,
External iliac a., Thoracic aorta, Left renal a., Right
Abdominal Aorta
renal a., Left 1st-4th lumbar a., Right 1st-4th lumbar
a., Deep circumflex iliac a., Inferior epigastric a.
2: Unpaired Branches of the
Abdominal Aorta
Celiac trunk, Splenic a., Left gastric a., Common
hepatic a., Abdominal aorta, Gastroduodendal a.,
Hepatic artery proper, Cystic a., Right hepatic a.,
Left hepatic a., Right gastroomental a., Anterior
superior pancreaticoduodenal a., Superior
pancreaticoduodenal a., Segmental splenic a.,
Spleen, Ileocolic a., Middle colic a., Superior
mesenteric a., Intestinal a., Inferior mesenteric a.,
Left colic a., Sigmoidal a., Superior rectal a.
3: Pelvic Artery
Abdominal aorta, Common iliac a., External iliac
a., Internal iliac a., Anterior division of internal
iliac a., Posterior division of internal iliac a.,
Iliolumbar a., Lateral sacral a., Superior gluteal a.,
Inferior gluteal a., Visceral branch, Internal
pudendal a., Obturator a.,
4: Venous Caval System
Abdominal aorta, Common iliac a., Left common
iliac v., Right common iliac v., Inferior vena cava,
Internal iliac v., External iliac v., Ascending lumbar
v., Left renal v., Left ovarian v., Right renal v.,
Inferior mesenteric v.
5: Venous Portal System
Superior mesenteric v., Inferior mesenteric v.,
Inferior vena cava, Abdominal aorta, Portal v.,
Splenic v., Middle hepatic v., Left hepatic v., Liver,
Right lung, Inferior mesenteric a., Jejunal and ileal
vv., Superior mesenteric a., Middle colic v., Right
colic v., Ileocolic v., Spleen
Abdomen and Pelvis 4- The Digestive System
Library Case: 0296
Goal(s):
Identify, describe structures, and discuss clinical correlates of the (1) stomach, (2) small and large
intestine, (3) liver, (4) spleen, and (5) other accessory digestive organs.
Annotated Anatomy:
1: Stomach
Greater curvature of stomach, Body of stomach,
Lesser curvature of stomach, cardia of stomach,
Liver ,Azygos v., Aorta, Hemiazygos v., Left dome
of diaphragm, Fundus of stomach, Spleen, Left
kidney, Esophagus, Pylorus, Pyloric sphincter,
Duodenum,
2: Small Intestine
Ampulla of duodenum, 1st (Superior) part of
duodenum, Body of gallbladder, Pyloric canal of
stomach, Ampulla of duodenum, Liver, 2nd
(descending) part of duodenum, 3rd (horizontal)
part of duodenum, 4th (ascending) part of
duodenum, Proximal jejunum, Superior mesenteric
a., Superior mesenteric v., Jejunum, Ileum,
Duodenum, Ileocolic a., and v., Ileum, Ileocecal
junction, Ascending colon, Cecum
3: Large Intestine
Ileum, Cecum, Ascending colon, Stomach, Splenic
flexure, Transverse colon, Pyloric sphincter, 1st
(superior) part of the duodenum, Liver, Hepatic
flexure, Body of gallbladder, Aorta, Small intestine,
Descending colon, Left kidney, Right kidney,
Sigmoid colon, Bladder, Uterus, Pubic symphysis,
Vaginal canal, Anal canal, Coccyx, Sacral body
4: Accessory Digestive Organ and
Spleen
Spleen, Splenic a., Splenic v., Aorta, Tail of
pancreas, Body of pancreas, Neck of pancreas,
Superior mesenteric a., Head of pancreas,
Diaphragmatic surface, Gastric impression, Upper
pole, Lower pole, Colic impression, Hilum, Left
kidney, Left lobe of liver, Right lobe of liver, IIVIII segments of liver, Hepatic portal v., Liver,
Body of gallbladder, Neck of gallbladder, Fundus
of gallbladder, Cystic duct
Abdomen and Pelvis 5- The Urinary and Female Reproductive System
Library Case: 0296
Goal(s):
Identify, describe structures, and discuss clinical correlates of the (1) urinary system and (2) female
reproductive system
Annotated Anatomy:
1: Urinary System
Left kidney, Lateral margin, Anterior surface,
Inferior pole, Medial margin, Abdominal aorta,
Renal hilum, Superior pole, Right kidney, Renal
hilum, Left renal a., Right renal a., Urinary bladder,
Pubic bone, Pubic symphysis, Apex of bladder,
Inferior surface of bladder, Superior surface of
bladder, Uterus, Fundus of bladder, Vaginal canal,
Urethra, Neck of bladder, Labia
2: Female Reproductive System
Uterine tube, Fundus of uterus, Ampulla, Uterine
tube, Vaginal canal, Pubic symphysis, Labia,
Urinary bladder, Cervix, Body of uterus, Uterine
cavity, Mons pubis, Labia majora