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Fig. 12-1 Fig. 12-2 100 µm (a) Reproduction 20 µm 200 µm (b) Growth and development (c) Tissue renewal Fig. 12-2a 100 µm (a) Reproduction Fig. 12-2b 200 µm (b) Growth and development Fig. 12-2c 20 µm (c) Tissue renewal Fig. 12-3 20 µm Fig. 12-4 0.5 µm Chromosomes Chromosome arm DNA molecules Chromosome duplication (including DNA synthesis) Centromere Sister chromatids Separation of sister chromatids Centromere Sister chromatids Fig. 12-5 G1 S (DNA synthesis) G2 Fig. 12-6 G2 of Interphase Centrosomes Chromatin (with centriole (duplicated) pairs) Prophase Early mitotic Aster Centromere spindle Nucleolus Nuclear Plasma envelope membrane Chromosome, consisting of two sister chromatids Metaphase Prometaphase Fragments Nonkinetochore of nuclear microtubules envelope Kinetochore Kinetochore microtubule Anaphase Cleavage furrow Metaphase plate Spindle Centrosome at one spindle pole Telophase and Cytokinesis Daughter chromosomes Nuclear envelope forming Nucleolus forming Fig. 12-6a G2 of Interphase Prophase Prometaphase Fig. 12-6b G2 of Interphase Chromatin Centrosomes (with centriole (duplicated) pairs) Prophase Early mitotic Aster spindle Nucleolus Nuclear Plasma envelope membrane Prometaphase Centromere Chromosome, consisting of two sister chromatids Fragments of nuclear envelope Kinetochore Nonkinetochore microtubules Kinetochore microtubule Fig. 12-6c Metaphase Anaphase Telophase and Cytokinesis Fig. 12-6d Metaphase Anaphase Metaphase plate Spindle Centrosome at one spindle pole Telophase and Cytokinesis Cleavage furrow Daughter chromosomes Nuclear envelope forming Nucleolus forming Fig. 12-7 Aster Centrosome Sister chromatids Microtubules Chromosomes Metaphase plate Kinetochores Centrosome 1 µm Overlapping nonkinetochore microtubules Kinetochore microtubules 0.5 µm Fig. 12-9a 100 µm Cleavage furrow Contractile ring of microfilaments Daughter cells (a) Cleavage of an animal cell (SEM) Fig. 12-9b Vesicles forming cell plate Wall of parent cell Cell plate 1 µm New cell wall Daughter cells (b) Cell plate formation in a plant cell (TEM) Fig. 12-10 Nucleus Nucleolus 1 Prophase Chromatin condensing Chromosomes 2 Prometaphase 3 Metaphase Cell plate 4 Anaphase 5 Telophase 10 µm Fig. 12-10a Nucleus Nucleolus 1 Prophase Chromatin condensing Fig. 12-10b Chromosomes 2 Prometaphase Fig. 12-10c 3 Metaphase Fig. 12-10d 4 Anaphase Fig. 12-10e Cell plate 5 Telophase 10 µm Fig. 12-UN2 Fig. 12-11-1 Cell wall Origin of replication E. coli cell Two copies of origin Plasma membrane Bacterial chromosome Fig. 12-11-2 Cell wall Origin of replication E. coli cell Two copies of origin Origin Plasma membrane Bacterial chromosome Origin Fig. 12-11-3 Cell wall Origin of replication E. coli cell Two copies of origin Origin Plasma membrane Bacterial chromosome Origin Fig. 12-11-4 Cell wall Origin of replication E. coli cell Two copies of origin Origin Plasma membrane Bacterial chromosome Origin Fig. 12-12 Bacterial chromosome (a) Bacteria Chromosomes Microtubules Intact nuclear envelope (b) Dinoflagellates Kinetochore microtubule Intact nuclear envelope (c) Diatoms and yeasts Kinetochore microtubule Fragments of nuclear envelope (d) Most eukaryotes Fig. 12-20 Lymph vessel Tumor Blood vessel Cancer cell Metastatic tumor Glandular tissue 1 A tumor grows from a single cancer cell. 2 Cancer cells invade neighboring tissue. 3 Cancer cells spread to other parts of the body. 4 Cancer cells may survive and establish a new tumor in another part of the body. Fig. 12-UN1 G1 S Cytokinesis Mitosis G2 MITOTIC (M) PHASE Prophase Telophase and Cytokinesis Prometaphase Anaphase Metaphase
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