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Regions of “Latin America” The Caribbean Central (Middle) America South America Countries of the Caribbean Sea Countries of Central America Countries of South America Cities Havanna Port-auMexico City Prince Caracas Panama City Bogota Lima Brasilia Sao Paulo Santiago Rio De Janiero Buenos Aires Satellite Image of Latin America Land forms of Latin America Panama Canal Llanos Falkland Islands Cape Horn Important Vocabulary • Escarpment-steep cliff or slope between higher land lower land surfaces Important Vocabulary • Cordilleras-parallel mountain ranges like the Sierra Madre Occidentals and Orientals. Important Vocabulary • Altiplano-”high plain” in Peru & Bolivia that is encircled by the Andes mountain peaks Bodies of Water Rio Grande Gulf of Mexico Caribbean Sea Lake Nicaragua Lake Maracaibo Amazon R. Pacific Ocean Lake Titicaca Rio de La Plata Atlantic Ocean Important Vocabulary • Estuary-area where the tide meets a river current • Rio de la Plata is a large estuary where 3 rivers meet at the Atlantic Ocean Important Vocabulary • Hydroelectric Power -electricity generated from the energy of water. Amazon River • Western Hemisphere’s longest river • Amazon Basin contains the world largest rain forest Lake Titicaca • 12,500 feet above sea level • World’s highest, navigable lake Lake Maracaibo • Area surrounding lake contains large oil deposits Rio Grande • River that separates the U.S. from Mexico Mountains and Peaks Sierra Madre Mts. Mexican Plateau Andes Mts. Mato Grasso Plateau Brazilian Highlands Patagonian Plateau Andes Mountains (Peru) Llamas in the Andes The Sierra Madres, Mexico Guianan Highlands, Venezuela Brazilian Highlands Patagonian Region (Chile) Area that lies in the southern part of South America that has high mountains with glaciers down to swampy lowlands. Valleys Plains and Basins Amazon Basin Mato Grosso Amazon Rain Forest Canopy-continuous high layer of leaves covering the rain forest Mato Grosso Plateau South American highlands in the central part of the continent. Orinoco Lowlands, the Llanos Llanos- grasslands in Colombia & Venezuela Cattle Ranching on the Pampas Pampas- Grasslands of Argentina & Uruguay Guachos- Cowhands that work in Argentina Deserts Atacama Desert One of the driest places in the world. Others Falkland Islands Cape Horn The Falkland Islands or Islas Malvinas Cape Horn The Panama Canal Going Through the Panama Canal Earthquake Zones Active Volcanoes The Tropical Hemisphere Latin American Climatic Zones Different Climate Zones Elevation Vertical Climate Zones Climate in Latin America is more affected by elevation than by distance from the equator. Important Vocabulary • Vertical Climate Zones: • Tierra Caliente-”hot land”; lowest zone. Goes from sea level to 3000 feet. • Tierra Templada- “temperate land”; mid zone. Stretches from 3000 to 6500 feet. • Tierra Fria- “cold land”; highest zone. Reaches from 6500 to 10000 feet. Amazon Rain Forest On the Ground Floor of the Rain Forest Three-Tiered Vegetation Sunlight does not reach the forest floor. Farming is almost impossible. This is why rain forests are cut down. Agriculture Banana Plantation Harvesting Sugar Cane Growing Coffee Rubber Industry Minerals of the Amazon Region Amethyst Quartz Diamonds Bauxite Oil Drilling in the Gulf of Mexico Eco-Tourism Latin America’s Population Distribution Most population is clustered near the coast because much of the interior lands highlands or tropical rain forest. Sao Paolo, Brazil Overcrowding in Sao Paolo, Brazil Squatter Settlements in Major Latin American Cities