Download CHAPTER 1: Studying Geography

HOLT
CHAPTER 1
World
Geography
Today
Studying Geography
Section 1: Themes and Essential Elements
Section 2: Skill Building: Using the Geographer’s Tools
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HOLT, RINEHART AND WINSTON
Section 1
Themes and
Essential Elements
HOLT
World
Geography
Today
Objectives:
 What are the two main branches of geography?
 How do we use geography?
 What are some ways we can organize our world and
the study of geography?
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HOLT, RINEHART AND WINSTON
Section 1
Themes and
Essential Elements
HOLT
World
Geography
Today
Two main branches of geography:
 human geography—distribution and characteristics of
the world’s people
 physical geography—Earth’s natural environments
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HOLT, RINEHART AND WINSTON
Section 1
Themes and
Essential Elements
HOLT
World
Geography
Today
How we use geography:
 in government—for mapmaking and planning
 in business—for marketing and development
 in schools—for education
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HOLT, RINEHART AND WINSTON
Section 1
Themes and
Essential Elements
HOLT
World
Geography
Today
Organizing the world:
 By regions: formal, functional, perceptual
Organizing the study of geography:
 By five themes—location, place, human-environment
interaction, movement, region
 By six essential elements
1. The World in Spatial Terms
2. Places and Regions
3. Physical Systems
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4. Human Systems
5. Environment and Society
6. The Uses of Geography
HOLT, RINEHART AND WINSTON
Section 2
Skill Building: Using
the Geographer’s Tools
HOLT
World
Geography
Today
Objectives:
 How do geographers and mapmakers organize our
world?
 What kinds of special maps do geographers use?
 How do geographers use climate graphs and
population pyramids?
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HOLT, RINEHART AND WINSTON
Section 2
Skill Building: Using
the Geographer’s Tools
HOLT
World
Geography
Today
How geographers and mapmakers
organize the world:
 by drawing lines on the globe
 by identifying hemispheres, continents, and bodies of
water
 by making and using maps
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HOLT, RINEHART AND WINSTON
HOLT
Section 2
World
Geography
Today
Skill Building: Using
the Geographer’s Tools
Special-purpose maps
 climate and precipitation maps
 population and economic maps
 elevation profiles and topographic maps
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HOLT, RINEHART AND WINSTON
Section 2
Skill Building: Using
the Geographer’s Tools
HOLT
World
Geography
Today
Climate graphs
 Climate graphs show average temperatures and
precipitation in a place.
Population pyramids
 Population pyramids show the percentage of males
and females by age group in a country’s population,
and help chart population trends.
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HOLT, RINEHART AND WINSTON