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Geographic Regions of the World Physical and political characteristics East Asia Present-day countries • China • Japan • North Korea • South Korea • Mongolia • Taiwan North and South Korea What makes East Asia? • Pacific Ocean in the east • Port cities on the eastern coast • Navigable Rivers • Desert climate in the northwest • Mixture of Buddhism, Taoism, Confucianism, Christianity and Shintoism Southeast Asia Present-day countries • Vietnam • Laos • Cambodia • Thailand • Burma • Malaysia What makes Southeast Asia? • Separated by mountains & rainforest from the rest of mainland • Pacific & Indian Oceans • Mixture of Hinduism, Buddhism, Confucianism, Islam • Influenced by Indian and Chinese cultures Southern Asia Present-Day Countries • India • Pakistan • Bangladesh • Sri Lanka What makes Southern Asia • Cut off by Himalayas and Hindu Kush • Dravidians—Aryans—Muslims • Cyclical view of Hinduism and Buddhism until the Islamic incursions Central Asia Present-Day Countries • Former Soviet Republics of Asia • Afghanistan (NOT in the Middle East) What makes Central Asia? • Steppe and desert somewhat cut off from surrounding areas • Origins of people of South Asia (Aryans) • Almost all European and Turkic people were war-like • Radical Islamic Southwest Asia & Egypt (Middle East) Present-day countries • Anatolian Peninsula (Turkey) • Levant: Israel, Palestine and Lebanon • Arabian Peninsula • Syria, Iraq, Iran • Egypt • NOT Afghanistan What makes Southwest Asia? • Desert climate • Surrounded by warm-waterways • Access to Mediterranean, Indian Ocean • Defined by Islam (North Africa is extension) • Origin of the 3 monotheistic religions (Judaism, Christianity and Islam) North Africa Present-day Countries • Morocco • Algeria • Tunisia • Libya • Egypt What makes North Africa? • Sahara Desert • Mediterranean Sea • Extension of Arab Middle East, influenced by trans-Saharan trade and Islam West Africa Present-day countries • Senegal & the Gambia • Guniea Bissau & Guinea • Sierra Leone & Liberia • Cote’ D’Ivoire & Ghana • Togo & Benin • Nigeria • Burkina Faso • MAYBE: W. Sahara, Mauritania, Mali & Chad What makes West Africa? • Coastal rainforest • Savannah • Sahel and Steppe • Traditionally African until Islam pushed in from the north and Christianity and westernization arrived in the 19th century Central Africa Present-day countries • Cameroon • Democratic Republic of the Congo • Republic of the Congo • Equatorial Guinea • Central African Republic • Rwanda • Burundi • Chad (maybe) • Angola (maybe) What makes Central Africa? • Congo basin, mostly rainforest, wet savannah • Traditionally African with some Christian influence East Africa Present-day countries • Kenya • Uganda • Tanzania What makes East Africa? • Indian Ocean • Coastal trade • Bantu/Arab/Indian-Islamic • Most influenced by the I/O trade routes than European colonization • Sunni Islam on coast and tribal (animistic) in the interior Southern Africa Present-day countries • Namibia • Botswana • Zimbabwe • Mozambique • Swaziland • Lesotho • Republic of South Africa What makes South Africa? • South of C/E Africa • Tribal religions, Islam, little Christianity from W. Europe Western Europe Present-day countries • Ireland • United Kingdom • Norway • Belgium • Denmark • Netherlands • Luxemburg • France • Portugal and Spain • Italy • Switzerland • NOT Germany or Austria What makes Western Europe? • West of the Rhine, Scandinavia and Italy • Area most affected by the Roman Empire and RCC • This is what “western” in culture refers to Central Europe Present-day countries • Germany • Austria • Czech Republic • Slovakia • Hungary • Serbia • Albania • Croatia • Slovenia • Macedonia • Poland What makes Central Europe? • East of the Rhine as far as RCC influence extends • Directly influenced by the Reformation, Counter-Reformation and the Enlightenment Eastern Europe & Russia Present-day countries • Russia • Romania • Bulgaria • Lithuania • Estonia • Latvia • Belarus • Ukraine • Moldavia • Caucus nations • NO LONGER: Poland, Czech Republic, Hungary, Yugoslav nations What makes Eastern Europe? • Eastern extremities of central Europe across Eurasia to the Pacific • Orthodox Christianity, some Islam, no direct influence of Reformation/Enlightenment but they have a secondary influence Latin America and the Caribbean Present-day countries • All of the western hemisphere south of the United States What makes Latin America & the Caribbean? • North American and African cultures with heavy overlay of Spanish and Portuguese influences • RCC and Iberian outlook North America Present-day countries • United States • Mexico What makes North America? • British/Western European cultures • Enlightenment/Revolutionary attitude • Exclusive Western European philosophy Australia & Oceania (Polynesia) What makes Australia & Oceania? • Islands • Mixture of cultures brought in through trade • Widely disparate religious philosophy Avoid pitfalls… • “Southern Asia” • “South Africa” • “Central America” • “Balkans” • “Mediterranean States” • “Afghanistan”
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