Download CDMA Features, Services and Trends (Temp)

WCDMA Technology
Past, Present and Future
Part III:
WCDMA Mobile Communication System
1
網路多媒體研究所
Part III:
WCDMA Mobile Communication System
• Overview of WCDMA
• WCDMA System Architecture
• WCDMA Protocols & Service Channels
2
網路多媒體研究所
WCDMA Basic (1/4)
• Goal :
– an integrated seamless network that ensures global personal
connectivity and enables access to broadband wireless multimedia
communications and services by anyone, from anywhere, at any time.
(source: UMTS Forum)
• Data Rate Requirements
Source: ITU-R Circular Letter
Edit: CHT-TL
3
網路多媒體研究所
WCDMA Basic (2/4)
• Frequency band (ITU Allocation)
– FDD : Downlink 1885-1980 MHz, Uplink 2110-2170 MHz
(Extended Band: 806-960 MHz, 1710-1885 MHz, 2500-2690
MHz)
– TDD : 2010-2025 MHz
• Features of spread spectrum
– Spread the information bits into the whole carrier space (white
noise)
– Channelisation by using the OVSF (Orthogonal Variable
Spreading Factor) codes
– Processing gain
– Security
– Anti-jamming
4
網路多媒體研究所
WCDMA Basic (3/4)
Duplexing
FDD
Chip Rate (Mcps)
3.84
Channel Spacing (MHz)
5
Frame Length (ms)
10 (38400 Chips)
Slots/per Frame
15 (1slot=2560 Chips)
Multi-rate Concept
Data Modulation
Spreading Modulation
Spreading factors
Channel Coding
Variable Spreading Factor (OVSF Code)
and/or Multi-code
QPSK
UL：QPSK; DL：QPSK
Complex Spreading
from 256 to 4 with uplink
from 512 to 4 with downlink
Convolutional Coding (r = 1/2, 1/3; K = 9)
Turbo Code (r=1/3; K=3)
UL: Uplink; DL: Downlink
5
網路多媒體研究所
WCDMA Basic (4/4)
• 3GPP
– www.3gpp.org
• WCDMA
– FDD mode
– TDD mode
• Release
–
–
–
–
–
R99 (200003 freeze)
R4 (200103 freeze)
R5 (200203-06 freeze)
R6 (200306-12 freeze)
R7 (2004-)
6
網路多媒體研究所
WCDMA System Architecture (1/2)
Iu CS
Node B
MSC/
VLR
RNC
USIM
CS
Domain
GMSC
PSTN
GGSN
Internet
Node B
Cu
Uu
ME
HLR
Iur
Iub
Node B
SGSN
RNC
Node B
UE
UE
Iu PS
PS
Domain
RAN
RAN
7
CN
CN
Existing
Existing Network
Network
網路多媒體研究所
WCDMA System Architecture (2/2)
• Major Components to form the Network
– UE (User Equipment)
– UTRAN (UMTS Radio Access Network)
• Node B and RNC
– CN (Core Network) (R99)
• Inherit the GPRS/GSM Core Network
• SGSN/GGSN (GPRS)
• MSC/HLR/VLR (GSM)
• Two Switching Domain
– Packet Switch Domain
– Circuit Switch Domain
8
網路多媒體研究所
CN (Core Network)
• MSC as upgraded CN for CS domain
• SGSN as upgraded CN for PS domain
• Existing network elements like HLR or GGSN will
be modified and reused
• Existing interfaces like E, Gn … will probably
reused
Ref: Tektronix
9
網路多媒體研究所
RNC (Radio Network Controller)

Control of one or more Node B

Interface with the CN (3G-MSC and 3G-SGSN)



Control the use and the integrity of the radio
resources of UTRAN
Terminated RANAP, NBAP, RNSAP as well as
RRC/RLC/MAC
The central element of an UMTS
10
網路多媒體研究所
Node-B (BS)

A logical node like BTS in GSM

Perform the air interface L1 processing

Responsible for transmission and reception in
one or more cells to/from the User Equipment

Terminate the Iub interface, i.e. NBAP

RF power control

Control a number of cells
Ref: Tektronix
11
網路多媒體研究所
WCDMA Bearer Services
TE
MT
UTRAN
CN
(Iu EN)
CN
(GT)
TE
End-to-End Bearer
TE/MT Local
Bearer
External Bearer
UMTS Bearer
Radio Access Bearer
Radio Bearer
CN Bearer
Iu Bearer
Utra FDD
12
網路多媒體研究所
WCDMA—Protocol Architecture (1/2)
UE
Node-B
RNC
Uu Interface
Iub Interface
CN
Iu Interface
Applications
U
CS PS
TCP
Applications
U
UDP
U
Application Protocol
CS PS
TCP
IP
PPP
C
NAS
AS
CC
MM
IP
PPP
C
C
NAS Signaling
SM
GMM
RRC
RLC
MAC
PHY
Radio Interface
Uu Plane
U
UDP
CC
MM
PDCP
RRC
RLC
MAC
PHY
Radio
Uu
Plane
NBAP ALCAP
Iub FP
Iub
Plane
Q.2150.1
SSCF-NNI
ALCAP
AAL5
ATM
SCCP
Iu
Plane
Q.2630.1
AAL2
SM
GMM
IuUP RANAP ALCAP RANAP IuUP
RRC
PDCP
RLC
MAC
AS Signaling
C
AAL2
Q.2630.1
Q.2150.1
SCCP GTP-U
MTP3B
SSCF-NNI
SSCOP
AAL5
ATM
UDP
IP
Iu Plane
ATM
Iub Plane
Iub Plane
13
Iu Plane
網路多媒體研究所
WCDMA—Protocol Architecture (2/2)
•
•
•
•
Access Stratum
Non-Access Stratum
User plane protocols
Control plane protocols
14
網路多媒體研究所
W-CDMA UE 端通訊協定架構
W-CDMA UE Control Module
Control Interfaces
CS/PS Data Interfaces
CM Layer
Control User
Plane Plane
MM Layer
USIM
Module
RABM
Layer
(Uu Interface)
RRC Layer
BMC
Layer
USIM
PDCP
Layer
W-CDMA L3
W-CDMA L2
(Uu Interface)
RLC Layer
MAC Layer
CPHY
Transport Channels
W-CDMA PHY SW/HW
15
網路多媒體研究所
UE 端 NAS 通訊協定架構
W-CDMA UE Control Module
MM
Ctrl
CC
Ctrl
SM
Ctrl
SS
Ctrl
GSMS
Ctrl
PS
Data
CBS
Ctrl
CS
Data
CM Layer
CC
Sublayer
USIM
Module
SM
Sublayer
SS
Sublayer
GSMS
Sublayer
CBS
Sublayer
RABM
Layer
MM Layer
USIM
MM
Sub-layer
GMM
Sub-layer
UMTS NAS
Nt
GC
DC
BMC
PDCP
CS
W-CDMA AS Protocol
16
網路多媒體研究所
UE 端 AS 通訊協定架構
W-CDMA NAS Protocol
Nt
GC
DC
BMC
CS
CPDCP
RRC
Layer
CRLC
PDCP
CBMC
BMC
Layer
PDCP
Layer
Radio Bearers
RLC Layer
CMAC
Logical Channels
MAC Layer
UMTS AS
CPHY
Transport Channels
W-CDMA PHY SW/HW
17
網路多媒體研究所
PHY 層基頻信號處理功能方塊
Transport
Channel #1
Transport
Channel #2
Transport
Channel #N
To RF
CRC Attachment,
Channel Coding,
1st Interleaving,
Rate Matching
CRC Attachment,
Channel Coding,
1st Interleaving,
Rate Matching
CRC Attachment,
Channel Coding,
1st Interleaving,
Rate Matching
Modulation
Pulse Shaping
Transport Channel MUX
Scrambling
CCTrCH
I + jQ
(DPDCH)
PhCH #1
Physical Channel Segmentation,
2nd Interleaving,
Physical Channel Mapping
PhCH #2
PhCH #3
PhCH #4
Spreading
&
Gain Weighting
Σ
I
Σ
Q
⊕
j
DPCCH
18
網路多媒體研究所
WCDMA Radio Interface Protocol
Architecture (1/2)
Control Plane
User Plane
U-plane
Radio
Bearers
RRC
L3
Control
BMC
PDCP
Radio Bearers
RLC
Signalling
Radio
Bearers
Logical Channels
L2
MAC
Transport Channels
PHY(W-CDMA)
L1
Physical Channels
19
網路多媒體研究所
WCDMA Radio Interface Protocol
Architecture (2/2)
• The radio interface protocol (access stratum)
is layered into three protocol layers:
– Layer 1: Physical Layer
– Layer 2: Data link Layer --- split into two main
sub-layers
• Radio Link Control (RLC)
• Medium Access Control (MAC)
– Layer 3: Network Layer
• Radio Resource Control (RRC)
20
網路多媒體研究所
Radio Resource Mapping Concept
•
SRBs
–
RAB
LgCH
–
•
MAC
TrCH(DCH)
TrCH (DCH)
TrCH (DCH)
TrCH (DCH)
L1
information transfer method
Physical Channel
PhyCH(RL)
–
21
information to be transferred (ITU-R
M.1035)
Transport Channel
–
•
RAB is from the NAS viewpoint for Userplane services
one RAB may contain more than one
RBs (RB#5~RB#31)
Logical Channel
–
•
RB#1~RB#4 are used for RRC signalling
Radio Access Bearer (RAB):
–
LgCH
LgCH
LgCH
LgCH
RLC
•
RB RB RB
LgCH
RB RB RB
Signalling Radio Bearer (SRB):
corresponds to a specific carrier
frequency, spreading code, and on the
uplink, relative phase (0 or /2)
網路多媒體研究所
Logical Channels
•
Control Channel
Logical Channel
Control Channel
–
BCCH : A downlink channel for broadcasting system
information
–
PCCH : A downlink channel that transfers paging
information
–
CCCH : A bidirectional channel for transmitting
control information between a UE and the network
–
DCCH : A point-to-point bidirectional channel that
transmits dedicated control information between a UE
and the network
BCCH
PCCH
CCCH
DCCH
•
Traffic Channel
Traffic Channel
DTCH
CTCH
22
–
DTCH : A point-to-point channel, dedicated to one UE,
for transfer of user information
–
CTCH : Point-to-multipoint unidirectional channel for
transfer of dedicated user information for all or group
of specified UEs
網路多媒體研究所
Transport Channels
•
Transport Channel
Dedicated Transport Channel(DCH)
–
–
Dedicated Transport Channel
•
•
•
DCH
–
Common Transport Channel
BCH
•
–
–
RACH
–
•
–
–
•
Needs some extra time to setup channel before
using
BCH : DL, relatively high power, low and fixed rate
PCH : DL, relatively high power, low and fixed rate,
low power consumption
RACH/FACH : Open Loop Power Control or Fixed
Power
Common Packet Transport Channel(CPCH)
Common Packet Transport Channel
CPCH
Fast Power Control
Fast Data Rate Change on Frame Basis
Soft Handover
Common Transport Channel
PCH
FACH
Carries all the information intended for the given
user, including data and signals
Optimizes Radio Performance
Extension to the RACH
Fast Power Control without Soft handover
Shared Transport Channel(DSCH)
–
–
Shared Transport Channel
Similar to FACH
Fast Power Control without Soft handover
DSCH
23
網路多媒體研究所
Physical Channels
•
Physical Channel
Common Physical Channels:
–
Synchronization Channels (SCH, DL)
•
•
Dedicated Physical Channel
–
–
DPCCH
Common Pilot Channel (CPICH, DL)
Common Control Physical Channels (CCPCH,
DL)
•
•
DPDCH
–
Common Physical Channel
PCCPCH
PICH
SCCPCH
AICH
PDSCH
CSICH
PRACH
AP-AICH
PCPCH
CD/CA-ICH
•
SCH
•
•
Primary common physical channel (P-CCPCH)
Secondary common physical channel (S-CCPCH)
Indication Channel
•
•
•
–
–
Primary Synchronization Channel (P-SCH)
Secondary Synchronization Channel (S-SCH)
Acquisition Indication Channel (AICH, DL)
Page Indication Channel (PICH, DL)
CPCH Access Preamble Acquisition Indicator
Channel (AP-AICH, DL)
CPCH Collision Detection Channel Assignment
Indicator Channel (CD/CA-ICH, DL)
CPCH Status Indicator Channel (CSICH, DL)
Physical Random Access Channel (PRACH, UL)
Physical Common Packet Channel (PCPCH, UL)
Dedicated Physical Channels:
–
–
Dedicated Physical Data Channel (DPDCH,
DL&UL)
Dedicated Physical Control Channel (DPCCH,
DL&UL)
CPICH
24
網路多媒體研究所
Radio Resource Mapping
Broadcast Control
Channel
(BCCH)
Paging Control
Channel
(PCCH)
Broadcast Control
Channel
(BCCH)
Common Control
Channel
(CCCH)
Common Traffic
Channel
(CTCH)
MAC-b
Dedicated Control
Channel
(DCCH)
MAC-c/sh
Dedicated Traffic
Channel
(DTCH)
Logical
Channel
MAC-d
MAC Layer
Broadcast
Channel
(BCH)
Paging Channel
(PCH)
Forward link
Access Channel
(FACH)
Random Access
Channel
(RACH)
Common Packet
Channel
(CPCH)
CCTrCH
Synchronisation
Channel
(SCH)
Common Pilot
Channel
(CPICH)
Primary Common
Control Physical
Channel
(PCCPCH)
Secondary Common Control Physical
Channel
(SCCPCH)
Physical Random
Access Channel
(PRACH)
Physical Common
Packet Channel
(PCPCH)
Paging Indication Channel
(PICH)
Acquisition
Indication Channel
(AICH)
CPCH Status
Indication Channel
(CSICH)
Downlink Shared
Channel
(DSCH)
Dedicated
Channel
(DCH)
Transport
Channel
CCTrCH
CCTrCH
PHY Layer
Physical Downlink
Shared Channel
(PDSCH)
Dedicated Physical
Dedicated Physical
Data Channel
(DPDCH)
Control Channel
(DPCCH)
Physical
Channel
Collision Detection/
Channel Assigment
Indication Channel
(CD/CA-ICH)
Access Preamble
- Acquisition
Indication Channel
(AP-AICH)
25
網路多媒體研究所