Download Hour 1. What Is TCP/IP

Internet and Intranet
RMUTT, 2008
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Course Outline
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1st half
– Internet overview
– TCP/IP protocol
– Applications in TCP/IP network
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2nd half
– JSP programming
– Web Database in basic
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Text Book
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Sams Teach Yourself TCP/IP in 24
Hours, Third Edition
– Joe Casad
Publisher: Sams PublishingPub
Date: September 03, 2003
ISBN: 0-672-32565-9
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Hour 1. What Is TCP/IP
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What You'll Learn in This Hour:
Networks and network protocols
 History of TCP/IP
 Important features of TCP/IP
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At the completion of this hour, you'll be able to
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Define the term network
Explain what a network protocol suite is
Explain what TCP/IP is
Discuss the history of TCP/IP
List some important features of TCP/IP
Identify the organizations that oversee
TCP/IP and the Internet
Explain what RFCs are and where to find
them
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Networks and Protocols
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A network is a collection of computers
or computer-like devices that can
communicate across a common
transmission medium
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A network protocol is a system of common
rules that helps define the complex process
of transferring data.
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The data travels from an application on one
computer, through the computer's network
hardware, across the transmission medium to
the correct destination, and up through the
destination computer's network hardware to a
receiving application.
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Comparing of TCP/IP model and OSI Model
OSI Model
TCP/IP Model
Protocols in each layer
Telnet SMTP FTP
DNS SNMP NTP
TCP
UDP
ARP
IP
ICMP
IGMP
Ethernet
802.11
Frame Relay
ATM
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TCP/IP and its related protocols form a
complete system defining how data should be
processed, transmitted, and received on a
TCP/IP network, We call TCP/IP and related
protocols is Protocol Suite.
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The actual act of formatting and processing
TCP/IP transmissions is performed by
vendor's implementation of TCP/IP.
– For example Microsoft TCP/IP
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Must be aware of the following distinction.
– A TCP/IP standard is a system of rules defining
communication on TCP/IP networks.
– A TCP/IP implementation is a software component
that performs the functions and services that
enable a computer to participate in a TCP/IP
network.
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The Development of TCP/IP
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TCP/IP networking represents the
synthesis of two developments
– The Internet
– The local area network (Intranet)
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The Internet
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The Internet grew from research originally
performed by the United States Department
of Defense.
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In the late 1960s Defense Department
officials began to notice that the military was
accumulating a large and diverse collection of
computers that use proprietary protocols.
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Proprietary is controlled by a private
entity.
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Defense officials began to
– share information
• considerations of security
• decentralized
– ARPAnet
• network with no failure points
• The protocol that supported this
interconnectable know as TCP/IP.
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A few years later
– National Science Foundation wanted to
build a network to connect research
institutions, it adopted ARPAnet's protocol
to build the Internet
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Two important features of TCP/IP
– End node verification (No central oversee)
– Dynamic routing
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The Local Area Network (LAN)
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LANs developed along with the
computer industry and were a response
to the need for offices to share
computer resources
– Early LAN protocols did not provide
Internet access
– As the Internet became more popular, LAN
provide complete support for TCP/IP.
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LAN Network Topology
Star
Ring
Bus
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TCP/IP Features
Logical addressing
 Routing
 Name service
 Error control and flow control
 Application support
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Logical Addressing
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A logical address is an address
configured through the network
software. In TCP/IP, a computer's logical
address is called an IP address.
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Routing
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A router is a special device that can
read logical addressing information and
direct data across the network to its
destination.
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Name Resolution
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People might have trouble remembering
whether a computer's address is 111.121.131.146 or
111.121.131.156.
 Name resolution is mapping of domain names
to an IP address.
 TCP/IP's name service system provides for a
hierarchy of name servers that supply domain
name/IP address mappings for DNSregistered computers on the network.
 Another common name resolution scheme is
the Windows Internet Name Services (WINS)
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Error Control and Flow Control
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Checking data
– to ensure that the data that arrives is
exactly what was sent.
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TCP/IP's Transport layer defines many
of these error-checking, flow-control,
and acknowledgment functions.
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Application Support
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TCP/IP interface from the network to the
applications is accomplished through a
system of logical channels called ports.
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Each port has a number that is used to
identify the port.
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Standards Organizations and RFCs
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Several organizations have been instrumental
in the development of TCP/IP and the
Internet.
– Internet Advisory Board (IAB)
– Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF)
– Internet Research Task Force (IRTF)
– Internet Corporation for Assigned Names and
Numbers (ICANN)
– InterNIC
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Homework 1
What is the responsibilities of
organization from previous slide?
 What is RFCs and related document?
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