Download ELM "D" ppt

Extended Learning Module D
Network Basics
D-1
Management Information Systems
for the Information Age
Second Canadian Edition
Copyright 2004
The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc.
All rights reserved



D-2
What is a Computer Network?
What are the Benefits of Computer
Networking?
Describe some networks
Management Information Systems
for the Information Age
Second Canadian Edition
Copyright 2004
The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc.
All rights reserved
Introduction

D-3
Computer network - two or more
computers connected so that they can
communicate with each other and share
information, software, peripheral devices,
and/or processing power.
Management Information Systems
for the Information Age
Second Canadian Edition
Copyright 2004
The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc.
All rights reserved
Advantages of Networks:







D-4
streamline work processes and cut costs
allow people within organizations to collaborate
share hardware, software, and processing power
enable geographically distant work groups to
communicate with each other
allow businesses to share information with external
groups such as suppliers
shorten business lead times and response times
support electronic commerce
Management Information Systems
for the Information Age
Second Canadian Edition
Copyright 2004
The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc.
All rights reserved
Introduction
Basic Principles of Networks
1.
2.
3.
4.
D-5
Each computer must have a network card.
A network has at least one connecting device.
There must be communications media
connecting the network hardware devices.
Each computer must have software that
supports the movement of information.
Management Information Systems
for the Information Age
Second Canadian Edition
Copyright 2004
The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc.
All rights reserved
Peer-to-Peer Home Networks





D-6
Peer-to-Peer Home Networks 
Internet Access
Business Networks
LANs, MANs, WANs, and
Communications Media
Communications Service Providers
Management Information Systems
for the Information Age
Second Canadian Edition
Copyright 2004
The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc.
All rights reserved
Peer-to-Peer Home Network

Peer-to-peer network - a network in which
a small number of computers share
hardware, software and/or information.
D-7
Management Information Systems
for the Information Age
Second Canadian Edition
Copyright 2004
The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc.
All rights reserved
Peer-to-Peer Home Network

You can setup a small peer-to-peer
network
With Ethernet cards (NIC) and dedicated
cables
 Using the existing phone wiring

D-8
Management Information Systems
for the Information Age
Second Canadian Edition
Copyright 2004
The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc.
All rights reserved
Peer-to-Peer Home Network
Home Network Components
Figure D.1
Hub, Switch, and Router as
Roadway Intersections
page 428
D-9
Management Information Systems
for the Information Age
Second Canadian Edition
Copyright 2004
The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc.
All rights reserved
Peer-to-Peer Home Network
Typical Home
Network
D-10
Home Network Components
Management Information Systems
for the Information Age
Second Canadian Edition
Copyright 2004
The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc.
All rights reserved
Peer-to-Peer Home Network
Wireless Access to Your Home Network

Wireless network access point or
wireless access point - a device that
allows computers to access a wired
network using radio waves.
D-11
Management Information Systems
for the Information Age
Second Canadian Edition
Copyright 2004
The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc.
All rights reserved
Peer-to-Peer Home Network
Wireless Access to Your Home Network

WiFi, Wireless Fidelity, or IEEE 802.11b - a way of
transmitting information in wave form that is reasonably
fast and is often used for notebooks.

Bluetooth technology - provides entirely wireless
connections for all kinds of communication devices.
D-12
Management Information Systems
for the Information Age
Second Canadian Edition
Copyright 2004
The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc.
All rights reserved
Internet Access





Peer-to-Peer Home Networks
Internet Access
Business Networks
LANs, MANs, WANs, and
Communications Media
Communications Service Providers
D-13
Management Information Systems
for the Information Age
Second Canadian Edition
Copyright 2004
The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc.
All rights reserved
Internet Access
Ways to Access the Internet at Home
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
D-14
Telephone line and a telephone or dial-up modem.
Telephone line and a Digital Subscriber Line (DSL)
modem.
Cable TV line and a cable modem.
Satellite dish and a satellite modem.
Provider that offers wireless connection for your
notebook.
Management Information Systems
for the Information Age
Second Canadian Edition
Copyright 2004
The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc.
All rights reserved
Internet Access
Wireless Internet Connection

Wireless Internet service provider
(wireless ISP) - does the same job as
standard Internet service providers except
that you don’t need a wired connection for
access.
D-15
Management Information Systems
for the Information Age
Second Canadian Edition
Copyright 2004
The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc.
All rights reserved
Business Networks





Peer-to-Peer Home Networks
Internet Access
Business Networks 
LANs, MANs, WANs, and
Communications Media
Communications Service Providers
D-16
Management Information Systems
for the Information Age
Second Canadian Edition
Copyright 2004
The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc.
All rights reserved
Business Networks

Client/server network - a network in
which one or more computers are servers
and provide services to the other
computers which are called clients.
D-17
Management Information Systems
for the Information Age
Second Canadian Edition
Copyright 2004
The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc.
All rights reserved
Client/Server Architecture
URL
Database Query
Client
Server
Requests & Parameters
TCP/IP
HTTP
Response & Results
Disks for
Storage
D-18
Management Information Systems
for the Information Age
Second Canadian Edition
Copyright 2004
The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc.
All rights reserved
Business Networks
Client/Server: A Physical View


There are many physical
implementations of client/server
networks
Conceptually, large networks work on
the same principles as small ones
D-19
Management Information Systems
for the Information Age
Second Canadian Edition
Copyright 2004
The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc.
All rights reserved
Business Networks
Client/Server: A Physical View

You still need
 Network cards
 Hubs
 Switches
 Routers
 Communications media and
 Network operating systems
D-20
Management Information Systems
for the Information Age
Second Canadian Edition
Copyright 2004
The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc.
All rights reserved
Business Networks
Client/Server: A Physical View

Communications protocol (protocol) - a
set of rules that every computer follows to
transfer information.
D-21
Management Information Systems
for the Information Age
Second Canadian Edition
Copyright 2004
The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc.
All rights reserved
LANs, MANs, MANs and
Communications Media





Peer-to-Peer Home Networks
Internet Access
Business Networks
LANs, MANs, WANs, and
Communications Media

Communications Service Providers
D-22
Management Information Systems
for the Information Age
Second Canadian Edition
Copyright 2004
The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc.
All rights reserved
LANs, MANs, WANs, and Communications Media
Classification of Networks by
Geographic Distance

Local area network (LAN) - covers a limited geographic distance,
such as an office, building, or a group of buildings in close proximity
to each other.

Municipal area network (MAN) - covers a metropolitan area.

Wide area network (WAN) – covers a large geographic distances,
such as a state, a country, or even the entire world.
D-23
Management Information Systems
for the Information Age
Second Canadian Edition
Copyright 2004
The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc.
All rights reserved
LANs, MANs, WANs, and Communications Media
Telecommunications Media: The Paths That Carry Information

Communications media - the paths, or physical
channels, in a network over which information travels.

Wired communications media - transmit information
over a closed, connected path.

Wireless communications media - transmit information
through the air.
D-24
Management Information Systems
for the Information Age
Second Canadian Edition
Copyright 2004
The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc.
All rights reserved
LANs, MANs, WANs, and Communications Media
Telecommunications Media: The Paths That Carry Information

Wired Communications Media include:



D-25
Twisted-pair cable
Coaxial cable
Optical Fiber
Management Information Systems
for the Information Age
Second Canadian Edition
Copyright 2004
The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc.
All rights reserved
LANs, MANs, WANs, and Communications Media
Telecommunications Media: The Paths That Carry Information

Wireless Communications Media Include:



D-26
Microwave
Satellite
Infrared
Management Information Systems
for the Information Age
Second Canadian Edition
Copyright 2004
The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc.
All rights reserved
LANs, MANs, WANs, and Communications Media
Infrared and Omnidirectional Microware for Short Distances

Wireless communications media radiate information into
the air, either very narrowly beamed or in many
directions like ripples from a pebble tossed into a pond.

Infrared - a wireless communications medium that uses radio
waves to transmit signals or information.
•

Microwave transmission - a type of radio transmission.
•
D-27
Bluetooth
WiFi
Management Information Systems
for the Information Age
Second Canadian Edition
Copyright 2004
The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc.
All rights reserved
Communications Service Providers





Peer-to-Peer Home Networks
Internet Access
Business Networks
LANs, MANs, WANs, and
Communications Media
Communications Service Providers 
D-28
Management Information Systems
for the Information Age
Second Canadian Edition
Copyright 2004
The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc.
All rights reserved
Communications Service Providers

Communications service providers - third
parties who furnish the conduit for information.

Public network - a network on which your
organization competes for time with others.
D-29
Management Information Systems
for the Information Age
Second Canadian Edition
Copyright 2004
The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc.
All rights reserved
Communications Service Providers

Private network - communications media that your organization
owns or exclusively leases to connect networks or network
components.

Value-added network (VAN) - a semipublic network that provides
services beyond the movement of information from one place to
another.

Virtual private network (VPN) – uses software to establish a
secure channel on the Internet for transmitting data.
D-30
Management Information Systems
for the Information Age
Second Canadian Edition
Copyright 2004
The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc.
All rights reserved
Communications Service Providers
Key Considerations for Communications Media

To determine the most appropriate
communications medium, you
must consider:





D-31
Capacity
Reliability
Cost
Distance
Mobility
Management Information Systems
for the Information Age
Second Canadian Edition
Copyright 2004
The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc.
All rights reserved