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IPv6 in Mobile Wireless
Networking
Dana Blair
[email protected]
Presentation_ID
© 2000, Cisco Systems, Inc.
1
IPv6 in Mobile Wireless
Networking
• Dana Blair
[email protected]
• Contributors
Steve Deering, Mark Denny, Dennis Clare,
Michael Ramalho, Greg Pelton, Ajay
Mishra, Prasanna Satarasinghe, Kittur
Nagesh, Jim Christy
NANOG 21
© 2001, Cisco Systems, Inc.
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Agenda
• Current Cellular IP Connectivity
• 2.5 and 3G Cellular IP
• IPv6 in 3G
• Backbone Services for 2.5/3G
NANOG 21
© 2001, Cisco Systems, Inc.
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Agenda
• Current Cellular IP Connectivity
NANOG 21
© 2001, Cisco Systems, Inc.
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Mobile Wireless Technologies
• Cellular
GSM, TDMA, CDMA, W-CDMA
• Wireless LAN - 802.11
• Personal Area Networks (PAN)
Bluetooth, 802.15
• Satellite
• Public cellular operators have earliest
need for IPv6
NANOG 21
© 2001, Cisco Systems, Inc.
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Wireless/Cellular/Mobile Challenge
Circuit Switched Cellular
2G
BTS
Base Station
Controller (BSCA,1)
Mobile Switching Center
(MSCA)
PSTN
BTS
BSCA,2
“Voice Anchor”
changes to BSCB
BTS
BSCB
This trunk is only
used when call
originates in BSCA,2
MSCB
Radio Control Functions
are in BSC
Selector Distribution Function
(a.k.a., multidiversity function)
is in BSC
MSC is a specialized Class 5 CO
•3G architectures BACKHAUL IP the same way during a phone call!
NANOG 21
© 2001, Cisco Systems, Inc.
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Wireless/Cellular/Mobile Challenge
Packet Switch Networks - Migration
2G
MSC
BTS
BSC
2.5G
GGSN/PDSN
PSTN
Circuit/Signaling
Gateway
GPRS/PDSN
IP Network
Internet
Packet
Gateway
3G
IP Radio Access
Network (RAN)
Feature Servers
IP
Mobility
Management
SDB
GPRS Backbone
IP Network Call Agent
Radio Network
Controller
Feature Servers
NANOG 21
© 2001, Cisco Systems, Inc.
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Agenda
• 2.5G and 3G Cellular
NANOG 21
© 2001, Cisco Systems, Inc.
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Cellular Standards
• 3GPP2 - www.3gpp2.org
Uses Mobile IP
Based in US
Developed TDMA/CDMA/IS-41 standards
Next Generation is 3GPP2 using CDMA2000 Radio technology
NANOG 21
© 2001, Cisco Systems, Inc.
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Overview of Mobile IPv4
rfc2002
CN
5.
4.
FA
1. and 2.
MN
•
•
•
•
•
NANOG 21
HA
3.
Internet
1. MN discovers Foreign Agent (FA)
2. MN obtains COA (FA - Care Of Address)
3. MN registers with FA which relays registration to HA
4. HA tunnels packets from CN to MN through FA
5. FA forwards packets from MN to CN or reverse tunnels
through HA (rfc3024)
© 2001, Cisco Systems, Inc.
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Cellular Standards
• 3GPP - www.3gpp.org
3GPP defined GTP IP tunneling protocol
for mobility.
Based in Europe
Developed GSM/GPRS standard
70% of mobile phones use GSM
Next Generation is UMTS using
Wideband CDMA
NANOG 21
© 2001, Cisco Systems, Inc.
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GPRS/UMTS Packet Services
MS
ATM RAN
SGSN
Local Part of
End-to-End
Network(s)
Gi, v4/v6
Local IP
Network
GN
GGSN
Internet
Edge Router(s)
Inter-PLMN
Network
Gp
Radius
NANOG 21
© 2001, Cisco Systems, Inc.
DHCP
DNS
12
Agenda
• IPv6 in 3G Cellular
NANOG 21
© 2001, Cisco Systems, Inc.
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Rationale Behind IPv6
• IETF IPv6 (was NG) WG began in early 90 to handle
addressing growth issues
• IP everywhere—data, voice, audio, video integration
Looking at few numbers...
~300 million mobile phone users in 1998, 1 billion by 2005
1 billion cars in 2010 with GPS and Yellow Page services
Worldwide deployment of Internet appliances
• Emerging populations/geopolitical
China, India, Japan, Russia,…
Internet in every school,…
NANOG 21
© 2001, Cisco Systems, Inc.
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3G Cellular requires IPV6
- Next Generation GSM standards require
IPv6 for Packet Services including VoIP.
- Next Generation Mobile Devices shall
exclusively support IPv6 for the
connection to packet services including
VoIP.
www.3gpp.org - 3G TR 23.821
NANOG 21
© 2001, Cisco Systems, Inc.
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Packet/VoIP 3GPP Architectural
Details
MRF/MP
Feature
Servers
Announcement
Server
(AS5400)
IM Subsystem
MS
v4/v6
IP RAN
SGSN
v4/v6
Unified
Messaging
(Uone)
CCSC
Sun Netra
(OptiCall)
SGW
SS7 GW
SS7
SS7
MGW
PSTN-GW
(AS5850)
PSTN
IPv6
Networ
k
Local Part of
End-to-End
Network(s)
Gi, v4/v6
Local IP
Network
Gn, v4/v6
GGSN
v4/v6
Edge Router(s)
v4/v6
IPv4
Network
Inter-PLMN
Network
Gp, v4/v6
Radius
DHCP
DNS
Services v4/v6
Blue - v4/v6
Red - v4
Green -v6
NANOG 21
© 2001, Cisco Systems, Inc.
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Overview of Mobile IPv6
draft-ietf-mobileip-ipv6-13.txt
CN
4.
3.
HA
1.
MN
2.
Internet
• 1. MN obtains IP address using stateless or stateful
autoconfiguration
• 2. MN registers with HA
• 3. HA tunnels packets from CN to MN
• 4. MN sends packets directly to CN or via tunnel to HA
Binding Update from MN to CN removes HA from path.
NANOG 21
© 2001, Cisco Systems, Inc.
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Agenda
• Backbone Services 2.5/3G
NANOG 21
© 2001, Cisco Systems, Inc.
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BackBone Services
• IPv4 transport
• IPv6 transported in IPv4 or MPLS
• NAT-PT for IPv6 <-> IPv4
• Home Agent Services
• Virtual Private Networking
NANOG 21
© 2001, Cisco Systems, Inc.
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BackBone Services
• QoS Services
DiffServ, Traffic Engineering, …
draft-ietf-mpls-diff-ext-07.txt
draft-ietf-mpls-rsvp-lsp-tunnel-07.txt
NANOG 21
© 2001, Cisco Systems, Inc.
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QUESTIONS
• ???????
NANOG 21
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