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Fraunhofer FOKUS
Context Management in
Dynamic Environments
IWCMC 2009, June 2009
Jens Tiemann
Humberto Astudillo
Evgenij Belikov
Fraunhofer Institute for Open
Communication Systems
Fraunhofer FOKUS
Overview
 Motivation and Goal
 Context Management using
Context Coordination and Dissemination System (CCDS)
 Architecture/Protocol
 Continuous Data Transport using
IP Flow Information eXport (IPFIX)
 Architecture/Protocol
 Composite Approach
 Location Context Source
 Location Context Service
 Conclusion and Future Work
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Context Management in Dynamic Environments – IWCMC 2009
Fraunhofer FOKUS
Motivation and Goal
 Context-Awareness is key enabler of self-management
 Self-x features facilitate seamless interaction between
users, services and devices in heterogeneous mobile
networks and dynamic environments
 Increasing mobility due to widespread wireless
networks and portable devices
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Location Based Services
Tracking, monitoring, navigation, Virtual Fence
Guide-, recommender-, Social-networking-systems
Always Best Connected  In-network management
Context Management in Dynamic Environments – IWCMC 2009
Fraunhofer FOKUS
CCDS Architecture (1)
Directory
Application /
Context Usage
CCDS
init / config
control
Provider
data
requests
Consumer
data
Context
Source
 Context-Management is crucial for fulfilling the
requirements of highly dynamic mobile networks
 CCDS provides infrastructure for context-awareness
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Context Management in Dynamic Environments – IWCMC 2009
Fraunhofer FOKUS
CCDS Architecture (2)
 Components
• Provider – interface to source of context/information
• Consumer – aggregator or end-user of context
• Directory – mediator between Providers and Consumers
 Communication Models
• Pull – based on requests from Consumer
• Push – asynchrounous event-based notifications from Provider
 Message types: resolve, register, get, subscribe, notify
 Prototype implementation available
 Suitable for handling high-level discrete data
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Context Management in Dynamic Environments – IWCMC 2009
Fraunhofer FOKUS
IPFIX Architecture (1)
Application
Exporter
Metering /
Measurement
Collector
IPFIX
 Network context is crucial for self-configuration and
optimal performance of given network
 IPFIX originates from network measurement/management
• information model, transport protocol, architecture
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Context Management in Dynamic Environments – IWCMC 2009
Fraunhofer FOKUS
IPFIX Architecture (2)
 Emerging IETF-standard (RFCs 3955, 5101)
 Used in network management and accounting systems
 Efficient implementation available
 Components:
• Exporter – source of measurement data
• Collector – sink/user of measurement data
 Push-based communication model
 Binary encoding based on templates
• Suitable for voluminous low-level continous data
• Supports extension of data formats on-the-fly
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Context Management in Dynamic Environments – IWCMC 2009
Fraunhofer FOKUS
Composite Architecture
Directory
Application /
Context Usage
CCDS
init / config
control
Provider
discrete data
requests
Consumer
data
config
continuous
data
Exporter
data
Collector
IPFIX
Metering /
Measurement
Context Preparation
Context Usage
 CCDS used to control and configure IPFIX components
 IPFIX is used to accomplish measurement tasks
 Context Usage may further provide aggregated context
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Context Management in Dynamic Environments – IWCMC 2009
Fraunhofer FOKUS
Closer Look: Location Context Source
Directory
CCDS addressing
GPS
Receiver
CCDS control
init / config
Provider
Memory /
Preprocessing
other
Sensor
config
Exporter
discrete data
over CCDS
Context
Usage /
Decision
Process
continuous
data over
IPFIX
Location Context Source
 Capable of sensing and providing location context
 Adds Quality of Context (QoC) to enrich the context sent
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Context Management in Dynamic Environments – IWCMC 2009
Fraunhofer FOKUS
Scenario: Location Context Service
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Context Management in Dynamic Environments – IWCMC 2009
Fraunhofer FOKUS
Location-Context Service (2)
 Virtual Fence scenario
 Mobile entities equipped with location context sources
 Location context is used to alert a monitoring component
whenever some forbidden area is entered by an entity
 Context-aggregators play hybrid role of acquiring
preprocessed location context and providing meaningful
higher level context information to the application
 Application is decoupled from context management tasks
 Generalized architecture is moreover applicable in different
further scenarios briefly mentioned before
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Context Management in Dynamic Environments – IWCMC 2009
Fraunhofer FOKUS
Conclusion and Future Work
 Combination of CCDS with IPFIX network measurements
standard in a proof of concept implementation
 Proposed architecture is suitable
for dynamic environments
 Supports autonomic decision-making process with focus
on self-management of network nodes
 Further extension of libccds and libipfix
 Introducing learning and history context utilization as
further support for decision-making
 Node Collaboration System  Toward collaborative
decision-making
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Context Management in Dynamic Environments – IWCMC 2009
Fraunhofer FOKUS
Any Questions?
 Thank you for your attention!
 Contact:
• [email protected]
• [email protected]
 Info:
• http://www.fokus.fraunhofer.de/go/ipfix
• http://www.fokus.fraunhofer.de/go/ccds
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Context Management in Dynamic Environments – IWCMC 2009
Fraunhofer FOKUS
CCDS Protocol
 Pull
 Push
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Context Management in Dynamic Environments – IWCMC 2009
Fraunhofer FOKUS
Implementation Details
 Both libraries implemented in C
(Java Interface available for IPFIX)
 Event-driven programming
• main loop
• event types
• event handling
• message handling
 text objects in XML alike format
 CCDS: UDP (with response messages)
 IPFIX: UDP, TCP or preferably SCTP
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Context Management in Dynamic Environments – IWCMC 2009
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Acknowledgement
This work was partly performed in project E3 which has received research funding from the
Community's Seventh Framework programme. This paper reflects only the authors' views
and the Community is not liable for any use that may be made of the information contained
therein. The contributions of colleagues from E3 consortium are hereby acknowledged.
E3 – End-to-End Efficiency
“Evolving current heterogeneous wireless system infrastructures
into an integrated, scalable and efficiently managed B3G
cognitive system framework.”
https://ict-e3.eu/
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Context Management in Dynamic Environments – IWCMC 2009
Fraunhofer Institute for Open
Communication Systems
Kaiserin-Augusta-Allee 31
10589 Berlin, Germany
www.fokus.fraunhofer.de
Jens Tiemann
[email protected]