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Seismic Networks Operated by Central Weather Bureau in Taiwan Ta-Yi Chen Central Weather Bureau Outline •Seismicity in Taiwan •CWB Seismic Networks •Integrated Seismic Network •System Architecture •Data Format Seismicity in Taiwan Magnitude Range Average (Numbers/Year) 7 ≦ML 0.1 6 ≦ML<7 2.6 5 ≦ML<6 22 4 ≦ML<5 197 0 ≦ML 19,175 Current Seismic Networks(since 1991) • Short-Period Seismic Network (71) • Dynamic Range : 12bit Sampling Rate : 100sps Type of Seismometer: S13 Type of telemetry : Telephone Line Time mark is given in Central Station. Strong-Motion Seismic Network (110) Dynamic Range : 16bit Sampling Rate : 50sps Type of Seismometer: Smart24a Type of telemetry : Telephone Line Time mark is given in Central Station. S13 in Bore-Hole S13 on Surface Smart24a on Surface Updated Seismic Network • Integrate short-period and strong-motion data streams into 1 recorder (Smart24a). • Dynamic Range : 24bit • Sampling Rate : 100sps • Type of Telemetry : Frame Relay, ADSL Time mark is given on site by GPS. 68 station done Broad-Band Seismic Network • Broad-Band Seismic Network (33) Dynamic Range : 24bit Sampling Rate : 100sps Type of Seismometer: CMG-3ESP, CMG-40TD Type of Digitizer: DM24 Type of telemetry : Frame Relay Time mark is given on site by GPS. CMG-3ESP DM24 Bore-Hole Seismic Network • Dynamic Range : 24bit • Sampling Rate : 100sps • Type of Telemetry : Frame Relay • Type of Digitizer: Smart24r Time mark is given on site by GPS. • Each site is equipped with 3 different instruments • ~300 m in depth Done 17 stations Have Been Done Phase II Phase III 70 stations in Final Step Cable Ocean Bottom Seismic Network • Dynamic Range : 24bit • Sampling Rate : 100sps • Type of Telemetry : Frame Relay Time mark is given on site. Land Station Latitude Observed Node • • • Black line: achieved in 2011 Blue line: ongoing project as the phase II White line: planned project as phase III Longitude Sea Depth Meter Integration for all CWB Seismic Networks Central Weather Bureau, Taiwan Updated Seismic Networks Bore-Hole Seismic Network Cable Ocean Bottom Seismic Network Institute of Earth Sciences, Academia Sinica , Taiwan Broadband Array in Taiwan for Seismology (BATS) Yangmingshan (YMS) Volcano Seismic Network Other Institutions Incorporated Research Institutions for Seismology (IRIS) : 3 JMA (Japan) Stations Policy of SCNL Station Channel Channel (Instrument Type) Network Location Network (Network Type) Ch1~Ch3 Strong Motion (Z,N,E) CWB_BH CWB Bore Hole Ch4~Ch6 Short Period (Z,N,E) CWB_BB CWB Broad Band Ch7~Ch9 Broad Band (Z,N,E) CWB_SMT CWB Smart24 IRIS_JPN IRIS Japan IES_YMS IES YMS IES_BATS IES BATS Location (Position of Instrument) 01 Surface 02 Bore Hole 03 Ocean Bottom Example: Cheng Kung Station 測站 Station Channel Network Location Acceleration of Smart24 CHK Ch1~Ch3 CWB_SMT 01 Short Period of Smart24 CHK Ch4~Ch6 CWB_SMT 01 Broad Band in Surface CHK Ch7~Ch9 CWB_BB 01 Broad Band in Bore Hole CHK Ch7~Ch9 CWB_BB 02 Integrated Seismic Network Total 144 Sites 249 Instruments 68 17 33 21 9 3 The Earthworm system is used for integrating seismic networks. Operators are able to request different kinds of real-time data from this Earthworm system. System Architecture Smart24a BH BB OBS Others TCP/IP Receiving Layer Integrated Layer Application Layer module module module module module Data Exchange Earthworm Earthworm Earthworm Earthquake Rapid Report Earthquake Early Warning Fault Plane Solutions Earthquake Catalog Earthworm Tsunami Early Warning CWB24 Format File Header Port Header Data (4 bytes for 24 bits data) (Component , Port , Points) File Header (24 bytes) Content Data Type 1 System ID 4 bytes char 2 Year 2 bytes int 3 Milli-second 2 bytes int 4 File length (sec) 5 Port Header (32 Bytes each port) Content Data Type 1 Station 4 bytes char TAP1, HWA ,CHN5, …… 2 Instrument 4 bytes char FBA, SP, BB 2 bytes int 3 Component Order 3 bytes char VNE Month 1 byte int 4 GPS status 1 byte int 0:unlock, 1:lock , 2:unknown, 3:data lost 6 Day 1 byte int 5 Null (Empty) 2 bytes int Un-used 7 Hour 1 byte int 6 Number of Comp 1 byte int 3 8 Minute 1 byte int 7 Location 1 byte int 9 Second 1 byte int 1:Surface , 2:Borehole , 3:Ocean Bottom 10 Sample Rate 1 byte unsigned int 8 Net Name 4 bytes char 11 Number of Port 2 bytes int 9 Null (Empty) 12 bytes int 12 Null (Empty) 6 bytes int Un-used GPS Status CHY Integrated CWB Seismic Network Bore Hole IES-YMS Broad Band IRIS-JPN Acceleration Acceleration IES-BATS Short Period Short Period http://cwbsnbb.cwb.gov.tw/index_en.htm http://www.cwb.gov.tw/V7e/earthquake/ Thanks for your attention.