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Reliability of a Manhattan Street Network
Supporting Clockwork Routing
By
Jalil Md. Desa, David Harle
Demands
IP
SDH, SONET, ATM
IP
WDM, OTDM
All-optical (Photonic)
Network
Video
Conferencing
Video Phone
Telephone
High Speed
Internet
Cable TV
Function Of a Virtual Topology
Topology
Lightpath Routing
Wavelength Assignment
Traffic Routing
Cross
State
Bar
State
Clockwork Routing
Scheme
C
B
C
C
C
0
1
2
3
C
B
N-1 0
C
C - Cross
B - Bar
+
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
Sub-problems
Virtual Topology
1 - Frame
There are two topologies associated
with such optical networks
Almost optical
Physical Topology
Lightpath
Establish
Mapping
MSN-CR
0
1
2
5
6
9
13
4
3
7
8
10
11
12
14
15
16
Map onto NFSNET
physical topology
15
13
14
1
10
2
3
7
8
12
9
11
4
5
6
NFSNET
MSN
Node Pairs
(1,2)
(2,3)
(3,4)
(4,1)
(5,8)
(6,5)
(7,6)
(8,7)
(9,10)
(10,11)
(11,12)
(12,9)
(13,16)
(14,13)
(15,14)
(16,15)
(1,5)
(5,9)
(9,13)
(13,1)
(2,14)
(6,2)
(10,6)
(14,10)
(3,7)
(7,11)
(11,15)
(15,3)
(4,16)
(8,4)
(12,8)
(16,12)
Map to
Physical
Node Pairs
(1,3)
(3,2)
(2,0)
(0,1)
(14,13)
(11,14)
(15,11)
(13,15)
(12,5)
(5,6)
(6,10)
(10,12)
(8,9)
(7,8)
(4,7)
(9,4)
(1,14)
(14,12)
(12,8)
(8,1)
(3,7)
(11,3)
(5,11)
(7,5)
(2,15)
(15,6)
(6,4)
(4,2)
(0,9)
(13,0)
(10,13)
(9,10)
Lightpath Traverse
Routes
1,3
3,2
2,0
0,1
14,13
11,12,14
15,12,11
13,15
12,11,5
5,6
6,10
10,12
8,9
7,8
4,5,7
9,1,4
1,0,2,14
14,12
12,10,9,8
8,9,1
3,2,7
11,5,4,3
5,11
7,5
2,14,12,15
15,12,10,6
6,5,4
4,3,2
0,1,9
13,14,2,0
10,13
9,10
Problems
Loss connection
Number of loops loss & number of nodes loss
associated with time-slots
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
88
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
MSN-CR
1
2
3
4
1
2
3
4
1
2
3
4
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
5
6
7
8
5
6
7
8
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
9
10
11
12
9
10
11
12
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
13
14
15
16
13
14
15
16
13
14
15
16
1
2
3
4
1
2
3
4
1
2
3
4
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
5
6
7
8
5
6
7
8
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
9
10
11
12
9
10
11
12
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
13
14
15
16
13
14
15
16
13
14
15
16
1
2
3
4
1
2
3
4
1
2
3
4
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
5
6
7
8
5
6
7
8
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
9
10
11
12
9
10
11
12
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
13
14
15
16
13
14
15
16
13
14
15
16
15
0
13
14
1
10
2
7
8
12
9
3
11
4
5
6
Physical Topology (NFSNet)
Reliability Solution Components
 Detection & Monitoring
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
Impact of a single link failure
Drawback
1
 Traffic Planning After Failure
MSN-CR
Traffic Matrix
Physical Topology
15
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16





+
13
14
1
Virtual Link & Physical Link
Number of virtual Links Loss
Number of Logical Loops Loss
10
+
2
8
7
12
9
3
11
4
6
5
Mechanism
Design protocol and algorithm
15
0
14
1
13
10
2
3
7
8
12
9
4
Min.
Maximum Bound
for the MNVL
Maximum Bound
for the MMNL
Minimum Bound for the MMNL Minimum Bound for the MVNL
0
5
MMNL
MNVL
11
New Route
(Not Conflict)
Bound Point
Bound
Conflict
Max.
Number of Lightpaths
per Fibre
 Disjoint path
 Minimise number of lightpaths
 Minimise number of variances
Criteria
 Influence of a physical network
property
 Min of degree, connectivity
Cost Embedding
6
Network Size (N x N)
Max.
Max.
Conclusion
Embedding + Criteria + Mechanism = Robust Design
Reliability
Quality of Service
Video Phone
Video
Conferencing
Telephone
High Speed
Internet
Cable TV