Download Windows 98, 98 SP2 & 2000

Windows 98, 98 SE & 2000
By:
Daniel Justice
Chris Ross
Solo Hedd-Williams
WINDOWS 98
Brief History
Introduction
• Codename Memphis
• Released to manufacturing on May 15, 1998
and released to retail June 25, 1998.
• Like Windows 95, it is a hybrid 16 bit/ 32 bit
product with a MS-DOS based boot loader.
• Microsoft support for Windows 98 ended on
July 11th, 2006
New driver standards
• Windows 98 introduced a new driver standard called
the Windows Driver Model.
• Unified driver model for standardizing the
requirements and the amount of code that needed to
be written.
• The drivers in this model are forward-compatible so
that a WDM driver can run on a version of Windows
newer than what the driver was initially written for, but
doing that would mean that the driver cannot take
advantage of any new features introduced with the
new version. Although, generally the drivers are not
backwards-compatible.
System Requirements
• 486D-X/ 66 MHz or higher processor.
• 16 MB of Ram ( 24 MB recommended)
• At least 500 MB of space available on HDD. Amount of
space required depends on the installation method and the
components selected.
• VGA or Higher resolution monitor
• CD-ROM or DVD-ROM drive
• Microsoft mouse or compatible pointing device (optional).
• Like its predecessor, Windows 95, and its successor,
Windows Millennium Edition (Me), users can bypass
hardware requirement checks with the undocumented /im
setup switch. This allows installation on computers with
processors as old as the 80386.
New system tools
• ScanDisk - System utility used to maintain the file system. It
offers a DOS and a GUI version. Used to check the integrity of
the file system and files stored within.
• Disk Defragmenter - Used to counter the negative effects of
file system fragmentation. It collects fragmented file parts,
reconnects them and rearranges all files in optimal order, thus
speeding up file access and allowing faster boot times.
System tools cont’d
• Scanreg - Used to restore the System registry. It tests the
registry's integrity and saves a backup copy each time. The
maximum amount of copies could be customized by the
user through "scanreg.ini" file. The restoration of a faulty
registry can only be done in DOS mode. Important DOS
commands: scanreg/opt - optimizes the registry by deleting
dead entries; scanreg/fix - repairs registry settings.
• Msconfig - A system utility used to disable programs and
services which are not required to run the computer. It is a
very powerful tool that can greatly enhance the system's
stability and speed, but is also capable of rendering the
system non-functional if used incorrectly.
• Regedit - Allows manual editing of the registry.
Windows 98 life cycle
• Microsoft had planned to discontinue support for Windows
after Jan 16, 2004 but because of the popularity of the OS,
they decided to continue support until Jul 11th, 2006.
• By that time, Windows 98 market share had diminished to
2.7%.
• Windows 98 is no longer available from Microsoft in any form
due to the terms of Java-related settlements Microsoft made
with Sun Microsystems.
BSOD!!!!!
Blue screen of death
• This screen was shown after a critical system error that was
encountered that can cause the system to shut down to
prevent irreversible damage to its integrity.
• Blue screens are normally cause by poorly written device
drivers or malfunctioning hardware.
• They can also be caused by physical faults like faulty memory,
power supplies, overheating of computer components, or
hardware running beyond its specification limits.
Troubleshooting BSOd
Windows 98 Second Edition
Windows 98 Second Edition
Windows 98 Second Edition includes many improvements and
enhancements not included in the original version of Windows
98. These include fixes for known issues in Windows 98, and new
tools and capabilities to help you be more productive.
What's New?
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Asynchronous Transfer Mode (ATM)
Device Bay Controller
DirectX Version 6.1
Microsoft Connection Manager Version 1.2
Microsoft Dial-Up Networking (DUN) Version 1.3
Microsoft Distributed Component Object Model (DCOM98)
Microsoft Internet Connection Sharing (ICS)
Microsoft Internet Explorer 5
Microsoft Data Access Components (MDAC) 2.1
Microsoft Active Accessibility (MSAA)
Microsoft NetMeeting Version 3.0 (build 4.4.3345)
Microsoft Wake-On-LAN
Microsoft Wallet Version 3.0
Microsoft Windows Media Player Version 6.2
Microsoft Year 2000 (Y2K) Updates
MSN, The Microsoft Network Version 5.0
Asynchronous Transfer Mode (ATM)
Windows 98 already contains the capability to operate directly connected to an ATM
network, exposing all of the speed and quality of service capabilities (QOS) of
ATM. Currently, ATM obtains access for all programs through Local Area Network
Emulation (LANE).
IP/ATM goes beyond the support provided through LANE with
• Increased performance
• Less network overhead
• use of the QOS capabilities of the network through Windows Sockets
Device Bay Controller
Device Bay is an industry specification that defines a mechanism for easily adding
and upgrading personal computer peripheral devices without opening the computer
case. The Device Bay specification applies to all classes of computers, including
desktop, mobile, home and server computers.
DirectX 6.1
Microsoft DirectX is a collection of application programming interfaces (APIs) for handling tasks related
to multimedia, especially game programming and video, on Microsoft platforms.
This version of DirectX includes new DirectMusic, DirectDraw, Direct3D and DirectPlay features.
DirectMusic is a deprecated component of the Microsoft DirectX API that allows music and sound effects
to be composed and played and provides flexible interactive control over the way they are played.
DirectDraw is used to render graphics in applications where top performance is important. DirectDraw
also allows applications to run full-screen or embedded in a window such as most other MS Windows
applications.
Direct3D is used to render three dimensional graphics in applications where performance is important,
such as games. Direct3D also allows applications to run full-screen instead of embedded in a window,
though they can still run in a window if programmed for that feature.
DirectPlay is part of Microsoft's DirectX API. DirectPlay is a network communication library intended
for computer game development, although its general nature certainly allows it to be used for other
purposes.
Microsoft Connection Manager
Version 1.2
Microsoft created the Connection Manager to automatically route
requests to an internal network (intranet) or VPN if the host name
does not have a period in it. Also, the Connection Manager
supports the ability to use a proxy server to provide access to the
internet. Normally the use of a proxy server is for enterprise
customers.
Microsoft Dial-Up Networking (DUN)
Version 1.3
This security upgrade for DUN is designed to enhance the protection of both dial-up
and Virtual Private Network (VPN) connections. Microsoft Challenge-Handshake
Authentication Protocol (MSCHAP) version 2.0 secure mode has been implemented,
providing mutual authentication, stronger initial data encryption keys, and different
encryption keys for the transmit and receive paths. Also, clients that support 128-bit
encryption accept any level of encryption (128-bit or 40-bit) offered by the server.
This upgrade provides a new registry flag, ForceStrongEncryption. When set, this
flag requires 128-bit encryption for any connection that has already been set to
require encryption. Because of this, setting the new registry flag essentially changes
the meaning of the existing check box from "require encryption" to "require strong
encryption"
Microsoft Distributed Component Object
Model (DCOM98)
The DCOM98 wire protocol transparently provides support for
reliable, secure, and efficient communication between Component
Object Model (COM) components such as ActiveX controls, scripts,
and Java tools residing on different machines in a LAN, a Wide Area
Network (WAN), or the Internet.
Internet Connection Sharing (ICS)
ICS provides support for multiple computers to obtain access to the Internet
through a single connection using Network Address Translation (NAT). ICS routes
TCP/IP packets from a small LAN to the Internet. ICS maps individual IP addresses of
local computers to unused port numbers in the TCP/IP stack. Due to the nature of
the NAT, IP addresses on the local computer are not visible on the Internet. All
packets leaving or entering the LAN are sent from or to the IP address of the
external adapter on the ICS host computer.
Internet Explorer 5
Internet Explorer 5 offers the following two new ways to save Web pages that include
embedded components:
• Web page, complete
• Web archive
Web Page, CompleteWhen you save a Web page as "Web page, complete," a folder with the
same name as the Hypertext Markup Language (.html) file is created in the target folder. This
folder contains page elements such as images and sounds. The relative links to embedded
content in the Web page are re-written to point to the contents of this new folder. Absolute
links such as a hyperlink to another Web page are not re-written. As long as the folder is kept
with its corresponding .htm file, the opened file includes the referenced images.
Web ArchiveWhen you save a Web page as "Web archive," the Web page saves this
information in Multipurpose Internet Mail Extension HTML (MHTML) format with a .mht file
extension. All relative links in the Web page are remapped and the embedded content is
included in the .mht file, rather than being saved in a separate folder. The absolute
references or hyperlinks on the Web page remain unchanged and the .mht file is viewed
using Internet Explorer.
Microsoft Data Access Components
(MDAC) Version 2.1
This update includes the ActiveX Data Objects (ADO) version 2.1, and seek and index
property method that adds fast, index-based location of rows in a record set.
A framework of interrelated Microsoft technologies that allows programmers a
uniform and comprehensive way of developing applications that can access almost
any data store.
Microsoft Active Accessibility (MSAA)
This update of MSAA fixes several compatibility issues with programs and clients
that use Active Accessibility. When you install this upgrade, your accessibility aids
such as screen readers, voice-input utilities, and the Microsoft Magnifier performs
better with a wider range of programs.
Microsoft Wallet Version 3.0
Wallet version 3.0 improves the capabilities for merchants to easily extend Wallet to
support additional credit card payment protocols. Developers can build support for
their own custom encryption and payment instruction methods into the Credit Card
Payment Module.
NetMeeting Version 3.0
NetMeeting 3.0 is a smaller, easier to use interface, a Web-based directory for
finding others, data security, as well as many other performance and ease-of-use
benefits.
Wake-On-LAN
Wake-on-LAN enables a computer to be power-managed, yet available on the
network. When a network interface card (NIC) and driver are installed, a computer
can go into a low-power state and conserve energy. When activity to the computer
from another computer on the network is detected, the NIC detects this, and
"wakes up" the computer to respond to the request.
Web-Based Enterprise Management
(WBEM)
WBEM is an industry standard you can use to administer Internet Web browserbased networked computers.
WebTV for Windows Update
The hardware updates in WebTV for Windows provide support for the ATI BT829
chip set and includes added support for the BT848, BT878 and BT879 chip sets. This
update also provides support for WaveTop version 2.0.
WaveTop is the nationwide data broadcast medium that is used to deliver
multimedia content through existing television transmissions to your computer.
Windows Media Player Version 6.2
The Windows Media Player offers FM-stereo quality audio over a modem, MP3
quality at a fraction of the normal file size, and more. With Windows Media Player,
you can play most audio and video file types found on the Internet, as well as on
your own computer.
MSN, The Microsoft Network Version 5.0
MSN (originally The Microsoft Network) is a collection of Internet sites and services
provided by Microsoft such as Hotmail and Messenger.
This updated version of MSN is faster, easier, and is much more powerful than
before.
Troubleshooting
The most common issue with Windows 98 SE is shutting down and/or restarting the
computer
When Windows 98 Second Edition does not shut down properly, it may appear to
stop responding (hang) for several minutes while the following message is displayed
on the screen:
Please wait while your computer shuts down
Troubleshooting (contd)
Common Causes of Shutdown Problems
Shutdown problems in Windows 98 Second Edition can be caused by any of the
following issues:
–The Fast Shutdown registry key is enabled.
–There is a damaged Exit Windows sound file.
–A program or terminate-and-stay-resident (TSR) program may not close correctly.
–An incompatible, damaged, or conflicting device driver is loaded.
–There is an incompatible Advanced Power Management (APM) or Advanced
–There is an incompatible Basic Input/Output System (BIOS) configuration setting.
–The computer contains incorrectly configured or damaged hardware.
–There is a video adapter that is not assigned an IRQ in real mode.
–Configuration and Power Interface (ACPI) setting.
Solutions
IRQ Steering
This option allows several PCI devices to share the same interrupt request line (IRQ).
If the BIOS is not fully compliant, this option may cause your computer not to shut
down properly, even if two or more devices are not sharing an IRQ. To disable PCI
bus IRQ Steering, follow these steps:
1. Click Start, point to Settings, click Control Panel, and then double-click System.
2. On the Device Manager tab, click System Devices.
3. Double-click PCI Bus, and then click to clear the Use IRQ Steering check box on
the IRQ Steering tab.
4. Click OK, click OK, and then restart your computer.
5. After you restart the computer, attempt to shut down your computer again.
Resume on Ring and LAN Disabling the “Resume on Ring and LAN” feature in the
computer’s BIOS may solve some shutdown-related issues. For information about
how to do so, contact your computer or BIOS manufacturer.
Solutions (Contd)
Plug and Play BIOS In some cases, the BIOS and Windows may not be
communicating properly with the computer hardware during the shutdown process.
You can configure Windows 98 Second Edition to ignore the presence of a Plug and
Play BIOS and communicate directly with the hardware.
To configure Windows not to use the Plug and Play BIOS:
1. Restart your computer, and press and hold CTRL until you see the Windows 98 Startup menu.
2. Choose Command Prompt Only.
3. Type the following line at the command prompt:
4. cd \windows\system
5. Rename the Bios.vxd file to Bios.old.
6. Restart your computer.
7. After the computer restarts, attempt to shut down Windows.
If the computer shuts down correctly, the system BIOS is likely to be contributing to
the shutdown problems. Contact the motherboard or BIOS manufacturer for a
possible update.
Solutions (contd)
Antivirus Program –
if you have an antivirus program that is configured to scan your floppy disk drive
when you shut down your computer, your computer may stop responding.
Windows 2000
Agenda
• Overview
• Different versions
• Requirements
• Basic Troubleshooting
Overview
• Windows 2000
– Released on February 17, 2000
– Update Method: Windows update
– Line of operating systems
• Professional, Server, Advanced and Datacenter Server
– All versions support Windows NT file system, NTFS 3.0
– Microsoft marketed as most secure Windows ever
– Became a victim of several virus’s “Code Red” and “Nimba”
– Still receives packages for security vulnerabilities
Overview cont…
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Windows 2000 is a continuation of the Windows NT
Replaced Windows NT
This was first Windows released without code name
Was suppose to replace Windows 98 and Windows NT 4.0
Microsoft released Windows 98 SE
Logical Disk Manager
– Simple Volume-disk space from one disk
– Spanned Volume- 32 disks show up as one, increasing size but not
enhancing performance. When one disk fails – all do
– Striped Volume- RAID-0, store data on several disks
Overview cont…
• Introduced Microsoft Management Console
• Used to create, save, and open administrative tools
• The main tools are in Microsoft Management Console
– Event viewer, disk management, removable storage, disk defrag,
performance diagnostic console and service config
• Recovery Console
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Outside the installed copy of 2000
From boot CD
Recover system from problems
Checks hard drive, repairs boot information, replace corrupt files
Versions
• Windows 2000 Professional
– Basic home use
– Fast Networking
– Personalized menus
– Supports Universal Serial Bus
– Encrypted File Systems
• Windows 2000 Server
– Has all features of Professional
– Improves manageability
– High-level interfaces for databases
– Microsoft Backoffice
Versions cont…
• Windows 2000 Advanced Server
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All features of Professional and Server
Business applications
Increased reliability
User friendly
Supports 8-way symmetric multiprocessing and up to 8GB RAM
• Windows 2000 Data Center Server
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All features of Professional, Server and Advanced
Increased large networks
Supports 32-bit processors
Great for large enterprises
Increased performance
Requirements
• Windows 2000 Professional
– Computer:
IBM or 100% compatiable
– Processor:
Intel Pentium 333 MHz or better
– Memory:
32 MB
– Drives:
650 MB
– Sound/Video: VGA
– OS:
Win 95, 98, NT 3.0 or 4.0
– Price:
$300.00
Requirements
• Windows 2000 Server
– Computer:
IBM or 100% Compatible
– Processor:
Intel Pentium 133 Mhz or better
– Memory:
256 MB
– Drives:
1.0 GB
– Sound/Video: VGA or higher
– OS:
Win NT Server 3.0 or 4.0
– Price:
$900.00
Requirements
• Windows 2000 Advanced Server
– Computer:
IBM or 100% compatible
– Processor:
Intel Pentium 133 Mhz or better
– Memory:
256 MB
– Drives:
1.0 GB
– Sound/Video: VGA or higher
– OS:
Win NT Server 3.5 or higher
– Price:
$3,600.00
Requirements
• Windows 2000 Data Center Server
– Computer:
IBM or 100% compatible
– Processor:
Pentium 3 or better
– Memory:
256 MB
– Drives:
2.0 GB
– Sound/Video: VGA or better
– OS:
Any Windows 2000 package
– Price:
$3,999.00
Basic Troubleshooting
• Problem:
– Error message encountered during boot before windows loads
• Solution:
– Make sure BIOS settings are configured correctly
• Improper BIOS settings may cause various types of errors when first booting
• Problems:
– Error message while Windows is loading
• Solution:
– 1. Try loading last known good config
– 2. Boot into safe mood
– 3. Restore registry using scanreg
Basic Troubleshooting
• Problem:
– Other error message after windows loads
• Solutions:
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Virus protection up-to-date
No viruses
Windows 2000 is up-to-date
Programs loading automatically make sure no errors are associated
with them
Troubleshooting
• Problem:
– Computer Running Slow
• Solutions:
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At least 500 MB free space
Run Scandisk and Defrag
Close any programs in background
No errors in Device Manager
Ensure computer has latest drivers
Virus Protection up-to-date
Computer up-to-date
Delete browsing history
Clean registry
3 Easy ways to Clean PC
Works Cited
www.wikipedia.com
www.reviews.cnet.com
www.computerhope.com
http://support.microsoft.com/kb/238096
http://support.microsoft.com/ph/1139?aid=3&GSA_AC_More3
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/DirectX