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Lesson 2
The Internet and the World Wide Web
Computer Concepts
BASICS 4th Edition
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Objectives
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Explain the origin of the Internet and
describe how the Internet works
Explain the difference between the World
Wide Web and the Internet
Describe the major features of the Internet
Explain how to connect to the Internet
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Computer Concepts BASICS
Objectives (continued)
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Describe a browser
Identify browser features
Apply and use browser features
Describe other Internet features
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Computer Concepts BASICS
Vocabulary
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Address bar
browser
domain name
home page
host computer
host node
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hyperlink
Hypertext Markup
Language (HTML)
Hypertext Transfer
Protocol (HTTP)
Internet service
provider (ISP)
Computer Concepts BASICS
Vocabulary (continued)
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online service
provider (OSP)
protocol
Transmission
Control Protocol
and Internet
Protocol (TCP/IP)
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Uniform Resource
Locator (URL)
Web 2.0
Web page
World Wide Web
Computer Concepts BASICS
Evolution of the Internet
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Internet origins trace back to 1960’s
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Over next 30 years e-mail was added and
100,000 computers linked to ARPANET
World Wide Web came into being in 1992
Mosaic browser introduced in 1993
Internet’s Impact on Society
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United States Department of Defense (ARPANET)
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In 2007, 70% of all Americans use the Internet
Computer Concepts BASICS
Internet Basics
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The Internet links together networks and
computers across the world
Interoperability is the ability for all makes and
models of computers to communicate
TCP/IP or Transmission Control Protocol and
Internet Protocol is a standard format for
transmitting data on the Internet
Domain name identifies a site on the Internet
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Computer Concepts BASICS
Internet Basics (continued)
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The World Wide Web:
The World Wide Web is a subset or an
application that makes use of the Internet
The Web began in 1990 with the introduction
of Hypertext Transfer Protocol (HTTP) which
allow computers to communicate with
hypertext documents
Hypertext Markup Language (HTML) is the
format of Web pages
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Computer Concepts BASICS
Internet Basics (continued)
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The World Wide
Web (continued):
In 1993, the number
of people using the
Internet increased
with the introduction
of Mosaic, the first
graphical browser
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Computer Concepts BASICS
Internet Basics (continued)
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The World Wide Web (continued):
In 2004, the phrase Web 2.0 was coined
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where users can modify content
participatory Web
blogs, wiki’s, social-networking sites
Computer Concepts BASICS
Internet Basics (continued)
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Web Protocols-HTTP:
Web Protocols - HTTP defines how pages are
transmitted
Web page address is often referred to as the
URL or Uniform Resource Locator
– First part of address indicates protocol to use
– Second part identifies the domain name
– For example, http://smithsonianmag.com
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Computer Concepts BASICS
Internet Basics (continued)
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Web Protocols-HTML:
Web Protocols - HTML determines how Web
pages are formatted and displayed to users
Hypertext is a text-based link to other
documents and is often called a link or
hyperlink
A Web page is a text page coded with HTML
markup tags
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Computer Concepts BASICS
Accessing the Internet
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To connect to the Internet you have to be
connected and become part of a network
A local area network (LAN) connects
computers within a limited geographical area
You connect using a network interface card
(NIC) that is inside your computer
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Computer Concepts BASICS
Accessing the Internet (continued)
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Getting Connected:
Step 1: You locate
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an Internet service provider (ISP)
an Online service provider (OSP)
or a Wireless Internet service provider (WISP)
Step 2: Install the software provided by your
ISP, OSP, or WISP
Step 3: Install a browser
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Computer Concepts BASICS
Browser Basics
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Browser is a software program that you use
to retrieve documents from the Web
Internet Explorer 7
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Tabbed browsing is a new feature
When you start IE7, your first tab will be your
home page
To launch IE7 double-click on the icon or start the
browser through the Start menu
The Web site address goes in the Address bar
Computer Concepts BASICS
Browser Basics (continued)
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Menu bar (left side of IE window)
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Command bar (right side, below menu bar)
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Keeps track of Web addresses, forms, passwords
Address list
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Options such as: Home, Feeds, Tools, Research
AutoComplete
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Options such as: File, Edit, Tools, Favorites, Help
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Displays previously visited Web pages
Computer Concepts BASICS
Browser Basics (continued)
Internet Explorer browser window
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Computer Concepts BASICS
Browser Basics (continued)
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Your home page is the first pages that is
displayed when you start your browser
AutoSearch makes it easy to search by
typing in common term in the address bar
The History button allows you to see a list of
sites you visited in the past (20 days default)
Favorites allows you to designate a page as
one you want to visit again
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Computer Concepts BASICS
Browser Basics (continued)
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The Content Advisor provides control over
content that can be viewed
When you explore the Web your browser
keeps a record of sites visited in the disk
cache.
You can copy and paste information from
Web pages or save the page
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Computer Concepts BASICS
Browser Basics (continued)
Saving a Web page
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Computer Concepts BASICS
Browser Basics (continued)
To download means to transfer from a Web
server or another computer to your computer
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Computer Concepts BASICS
Other Internet Features
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A blog (short for Web log) is a Web page that
serves as a publicly accessible journal
A chat room is when you can communicate
real-time with another user or group of users
E-mail is electronic mail, and is one of the
most popular services
FTP (file transfer protocol) is an Internet
standard that allows you to download and
upload files
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Computer Concepts BASICS
Other Internet Features (continued)
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Instant messaging allows you to
communicate real-time with online friends
A mailing list is a group of people with a
shared interest
A newsgroup is a discussion forum or type of
bulletin board dedicated to a topic
Online conferencing allows virtual meetings
VoIP (Voice over IP) uses an Internet
connection instead of a telephone line
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Computer Concepts BASICS
Lesson 2
Summary
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In this lesson, you learned:
 No one person or organization can claim credit for
creating the Internet.
 Origins of the Internet can be traced to the United
States Department of Defense.
 The original name for the Internet was ARPANET.
 Mosaic was the Internet’s first graphical interface.
 To connect to the Internet from a business, school,
or other organization, you probably have a direct
connection via a local area network and a network
interface card.
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Computer Concepts BASICS
Summary (continued)
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Types of Internet connections include modem and
telephone line, DSL, cable modem, wireless, and fiber
optics.
To connect to the Internet, you need an Internet
connection, telecommunications software, and a browser
for the Web.
Interoperability means that all brands, models, and
makes of computers can communicate with each other.
A protocol is a standard format for transferring data
between two devices.
TCP/IP is the agreed upon international standard for
transmitting data.
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Computer Concepts BASICS
Summary (continued)
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The domain name identifies a site on the Internet.
The Internet is made up of many services.
The Web is an application that makes use of the
Internet.
Web pages can be linked through hyperlinks.
Microsoft Internet Explorer is a popular Web
browser.
The HTTP protocol defines how Web messages are
formatted and transmitted.
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Computer Concepts BASICS
Summary (continued)
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A Web site address is referred to as the URL, or
Universal Resource Locator.
Every Web page on the Internet has its own unique
address.
HTML is a coding language that controls how Web
pages are formatted and displayed.
A Web page is coded with HTML markup tags.
Other Internet services include blogs, chat rooms, email, File Transfer Protocol, instant messaging,
mailing lists, newsgroups and bulletin boards, online
conferencing, and Voice over Internet Protocol.
Wells
Computer Concepts BASICS