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ANESTHESIA
By Alaina Darby
INHALATION
ANESTHESIA
Which of the following does not include altered mental
state?
a. Analgesia
b. Anxiolysis
c. Sedation
d. Anesthesia
Which of the following includes blockade of mental, motor,
and sensory input and reflexes?
a. Analgesia
b. Anxiolysis
c. Sedation
d. Anesthesia
Which of the following may or may not result in loss of
protective reflexes?
a. Analgesia
b. Anxiolysis
c. Sedation
d. Anesthesia
Which of the following is a reason for using IV over PO for
anesthesia?
a. Better control over sedation depth
b. Better control over sedative duration of action
c. Greater bioavailability of IV sedatives
d. Better efficacy of IV sedation
What is the MAC?
a. Concentration of solubilized anesthetic needed to render
all patients unconscious
b. Concentration of solubilized anesthetic needed to render
half of patients unconscious
c. Concentration of IV anesthetic needed to render all
patients unconscious
d. Concentration of IV anesthetic needed to render half of
patients unconscious
Which of the following is a result of increased lipid solubility
of anesthetics?
a. Increased MAC, increased potency
b. Decreased MAC, increased potency
c. Increased MAC, decreased potency
d. Decreased MAC, decreased potency
Which of the following is always true of lipid solubility and
the oil gas partition coefficient?
a. The larger the oil gas partition coefficient, the higher the
potency
b. The smaller the oil gas partition coefficient, the higher the
potency
c. The larger the oil gas partition coefficient, the lower the
solubility
d. The smaller the oil gas partition coefficient, the lower the
solubility
Which of the following is true of the Meyer-Overton
hypothesis?
a. It is always true because anesthetic activity always
decreases with lipid solubility
b. It is usually true because anesthetic activity usually
decreases with lipid solubility
c. It is always true because anesthetic activity always
increases with lipid solubility
d. It is usually true because anesthetic activity usually
increases with lipid solubility
When would the Meyer-Overton hypothesis not be true?
a. Lipophilic molecules that are large will not produce
substantial anesthesia
b. Lipophilic molecules that are small will not produce
substantial anesthesia
c. Lipophilic molecules that are large can still produce
substantial anesthesia
d. Lipophilic molecules that are small can still produce
substantial anesthesia
Decrease in activity at which of the following
receptors/channels can produce anethesia?
a. GABA
b. NMDA
c. Glycine
d. K+ 2 pore channels
Which of the following has little effect on NMDA receptors?
a. Nitrous oxide
b. Isoflurane
c. Sevoflurane
d. Desflurane
Activity in which of the following parts of the brain is most
dramatically decreased with anesthesia?
a. Frontal
b. Parietal
c. Occipital
d. Temporal
Activity in which of the following parts of the brain is
preserved with anesthesia?
a. Frontal
b. Parietal
c. Occipital
d. Temporal
Which of the following is seen with initial anesthesia
administration?
a. Decreased blood pressure
b. Decreased muscle tone
c. Increased delirium
d. Increased intercostal respiration
Which of the following types of neurons is inhibited first
anesthesia administration?
a. Inhibitory neurons
b. Stimulatory neurons
c. Sympathetic neurons
d. Parasympathetic neurons
Which of the following increases with increased anesthesia?
a. Muscle tone
b. Diaphragmatic respiration
c. Intercostal respiration
d. Blood pressure
Which of the following reflexes is the last to be affected?
a. Swallow reflex
b. Pupil light reflex
c. Eyelid reflexes
d. Laryngeal reflexes
Which of the following is most likely to be preserved before
analgesia is produced?
a. Memory
b. Perceptive awareness
c. Response to pain
d. Autonomic reactions
Which of the following is the reason that halogens are added
to volatile agents?
a. Make them less damaging to the kidney
b. Make them less damaging to the liver
c. Make them less explosive
d. Increase efficacy
Which of the following comprises the majority of inhalation
anesthesia?
a. Oxygen
b. Nitrous oxide
c. Volatile anesthetic
d. Carbon dioxide
Which of the following varies between the blood and alveoli?
a. Anesthetic concentration
b. Anesthetic pressure
c. Anesthetic tension
d. Anesthetic volume
Which of the following is the most potent agent?
a. Halothane
b. Isoflurane
c. Sevoflurane
d. Nitrous oxide
Which of the following cannot be used alone for anesthesia?
a. Halothane
b. Isoflurane
c. Sevoflurane
d. Nitrous oxide
What is not a reason that nitrous oxide is added to inhalation
anesthesia?
a. Synergism
b. High potency
c. Maintain protective reflex
d. Decreased expense
Which of the following is not associated with increased
potency?
a. Higher MAC
b. Higher percent as metabolites
c. Higher lipophilicity
d. Higher protein binding
Which of the following causes an inhalation anesthetic to
have a faster recovery?
a. Decreased lipophilicity
b. Increased onset
c. Increased duration
d. Increased plasma availability
Which of the following is not a major pathway for anesthetic
movement?
a. From alveoli to arterial blood
b. From arterial blood to brain
c. From alveoli to venous blood
d. From brain to venous blood
Which of the following equilibrates the most quickly?
a. Liver
b. Brain
c. Skeletal muscles
d. Fat
Increasing ventilation rate has the most profound effect to
increase delivery of which of the anesthetics?
a. Nitrous oxide because it must saturate a larger volume of
blood
b. Nitrous oxide because it must saturate a smaller volume
of blood
c. Halothane because it must saturate a larger volume of
blood
d. Halothane because it must saturate a smaller volume of
blood