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Pride in Family and City
Rome from Its Origins Through the
Republic, 753-44 B.C.E.
Pride in Family and City
The Big Picture
Alexander the Great
Struggle of Order
500 B.C.E.
Return of the Gracchi
Punic Wars
300 B.C.E.
Civil Wars
100 B.C.E.
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The Rise of Rome
• A Great City is Founded
– Geography
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The Rise of Rome
• The Etruscan Influence
ABCD…
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The Rise of Rome
• The Roman Monarchy, ca. 753-509 B.C.E.
– Overthrow of Etruscans
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The Rise of Rome
• Governing an Emerging Republic,
509-287 B.C.E.
– Struggle of the Orders
– Governing the Republic
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The Roman Republic
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The Rise of Rome
• Informal Governance: Patrons and
Clients
– Clients’ role
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Rome During the Republic
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The Rise of Rome
• Dominating the Italian Peninsula
– Italian wars
– Foreign policy
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Italy, 265 B.C.E.
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Family Life and City Life
• A Pious, Practical People
“All things went well when we obeyed the
Gods, but badly when we disobeyed them.”
– Livy
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Family Life and City Life
• Loyalty to the Family
– Marriage patterns
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Family Life and City Life
• The Challenges of Childhood
– Child-rearing practices
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Family Life and City Life
• Life in the City
– Life in the Forum
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Expansion and Transformation
• The Romans’ Victorious Army
– Weapons and discipline
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Expansion and Transformation
• Wars of the Mediterranean
– First Punic War
– New Roman navy
– Second Punic War
– Third Punic War
– Macedonia and Greece
– Administering provinces
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Expansion of the Roman Republic, 264-44 B.C.E.
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Expansion and Transformation
• An Influx of Slaves
– Slave occupations
– Slave revolts
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Expansion and Transformation
• Biography: Publius Terentius Afer
(ca. 190-159 B.C.E.)—Terence
– A Talented Slave
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Expansion and Transformation
• Economic Disparity and Social Unrest
– New poverty
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The Hellenizing of the Republic
– Resisting change
• Roman Engineering: Fusing Utility
and Beauty
– Engineering
– Aqueducts
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The Hellenizing of the Republic
Figure 4.10
Photo credit:  Joyce Salisbury
Copyright © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission required for reproduction or display.
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The Hellenizing of the Republic
• Concrete: A New Building Material
– Pantheon
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The Hellenizing of the Republic
• Latin Comedy and the Great Prose
Writers, 240-44 B.C.E.
– Cicero
– Caesar’s writings
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The Twilight of the Republic
• The Reforms of the Gracchi, 133-123
B.C.E.
– Tiberius’s reforms
– Gaius’s reforms
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The Twilight of the Republic
• Populares vs. Optimates: The Eruption
of Civil Wars, 123-46 B.C.E.
– Marius
– First Triumvirate
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The Twilight of the Republic
• Julius Caesar, 100-44 B.C.E.
– Civil war
– Political titles
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The Twilight of the Republic
• The Roman Republic Ends
– Conspiracy
– Caesar’s murder
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