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HS-140: Pharmacology
Week 8: Urinary System Disorders
and Calculating Doses
Overview of Unit 8
 Reading:
 Chapter 28: Urinary System Disorders
 Chapter 9: Calculating Doses of Nonparenteral
Medications
 Chapter 10: Calculating Doses of Parenteral
Medications
 Discussion Board
 Seminar
 Assignment
 Quiz
The Urinary System
 Made up of Organs which form & excrete urine:
 Kidneys
 Ureters
 Bladder
 Urethra
Diuretic Agents
 Increase urine flow.
 Treat edema, fluid accumulation:
 Lungs
 Extremities
 Abdomen
 Promote excretion of the following:
 Sodium
 Potassium
 Chloride
 Bicarbonate
 Water
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Urinary Tract Infections (UTI)
 Most common bacterial infection in the U.S.
 10 – 20% of females have a UTI during lifetime.
 E. Coli causes ~90% of all cultured UTI’s.
 Turn to p. 587 of textbook. What are some symptoms of
lower UTIs?
 Virtual Field Trip:
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=u11DfF6fuCM
 When you finish watching this video, provide a brief summary.
UTI Drug Therapy: Antibacterials
 Antibacterials
 Kill bacteria, in the urine and systemically.
 Turn to p. 588 of textbook. What are some
examples of antibiotics given for UTIs?
 What patient education would you provide for a
patient on an antibiotics for a UTI?
UTI Drug Therapy: Antiseptics
 Antiseptics
 Antibiotic activity only in the urine.
 What is some patient education that you would
provide for a patient on a urinary antiseptic (p. 590
of textbook)?
UTI Drug Therapy: Analgesics
 Analgesics
 Topical and local anesthesia on the lining of
the urinary-tract.
 Turn to p. 590 of textbook. What is an example
of analgesic given for UTIs?
 What is some patient education that you would
provide for a patient on a urinary tract
analgesic (p. 590 of textbook)?
Drugs Used to Treat Enuresis
 Enuresis :
 Involuntary urination at night.
 Common in children.
 Caused by a spastic bladder that
is stimulated to empty when small
amount of urine is present.
 Imipramine hydrochloride
(Tofranil)
 Also acts as an antidepressant
agent.
 What dosage is this drug used at
to treat enuresis? (p. 589 of
textbook)
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Calculating Dosages:
Assingment Tips
 Refer to Chapters 7, 8 and 9.
 Turn in early in case you need to make corrections.
 Don’t forget about the Math Center if you need help.
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Basic Rules for Calculations
 Always check units
(numerator/denominator).
 Always work the problem out
on paper, even the math
seems easy.
 Check and re-check all
decimals and fractions.
 Determine whether the results
make sense.
 Take one last look to make
sure you calculated the dose
in the correct units.
Unit 8 Assignment Review
 Ordered: 300mcg
 On hand: 0.15 mg tablets
 How many tablets do you need?
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Unit 8 Assignment Review
 Ordered: 1.2g
 On hand: 600 mg/tab
 How many tablets do you need?
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Unit 8 Assignment Review
 Ordered: 1500 Units of a parenteral medication,
IM
 On hand 10,000 Units/ml
 How many mL’s do you need?
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Thank you for your
attention and
participation in
tonight’s seminar!
Any questions?
I look forward to the rest
of Unit 8. Please
contact me with any
questions throughout
the week.