Download Welcome to Texas A&M Corpus Christi

Protection From Bloodborne
Pathogens
 For questions concerning this training
topic contact: Environmental, Health, and
Safety;
 Monday – Friday; 8:00 am to 5:00 pm
 361-825-5555
A question of validity:
Why do I need to know this stuff?
Why Bloodborne Pathogen
Prevention Training
 What is the chance of an employee getting
a scrape, cut, or a heart attack at work
 What is the chance of an employee having
to provide CPR or First Aid to a victim
 What to do when an employee sees some
blood on a surface from a cut or a scrape
of another person
 Bloodborne Pathogens do not have to be
one of the many mysteries of life
Outline
 Regulations
 Definitions
 Transmission & Symptoms
 Bloodborne Diseases
 Methods of Compliance
Federal and State Regulations
 OSHA 29 CFR
1910.1030
 TDH: Health and
Safety Code, Chapter
81, subchapter H
Regulations state
 Employers must have an
Exposure Control Plan
(ECP) and train employees
to use it.
 Employees must follow
applicable rules to protect
themselves
 Employees can access
TAMUCC’s ECP at
http://safety.tamucc.edu.
What is an Exposure Control Plan?
It is a written document outlining what the
employer does to protect workers from
bloodborne pathogen exposure by using
methods of compliance to include, but not
limited to:
 Training to communicate hazards
 Control the exposure
 Safe Operating Procedures
 Hepatitis B vaccination program
OSHA/TDH Bloodborne Pathogen
Standard
The standard is designed to
protect workers whose job
might expose them to
bloodborne diseases.




Physicians, nurses, paramedics
Public safety workers
Public service workers
Sport Facility workers
Definitions
Bloodborne Pathogens:
microorganisms that are
present in blood or other
potentially infectious materials
(OPIM) and can cause disease.
Blood: includes human blood,
human blood components,
products made from human
blood, and also medications
derived from blood (e.g.,
immune globulins, albumin,
etc.)
Other Potential Infectious Materials
Include blood and:
 Human body fluids such as saliva in
dental procedures, semen, vaginal
secretion, fluid surrounding the brain
and spinal cord, fluid surrounding the
bone joint, fluid in lungs.
 Fluid surrounding a fetus, and any
fluid that is visibly contaminated with
blood, and all body fluid that is
difficult to differentiate between body
fluids.
Other Potential Infectious Materials
Include blood and :
 Any unfixed tissue or organ (other
than intact skin) from a human
living or dead
 HIV-containing cells or tissue
cultures, organ cultures, HIV-,
HBV-, or HCV-containing culture
Regulated Waste Vs. Non Regulated
Waste
Regulated Waste must be
disposed of properly through
Bio Haz. waste or sterilized
thoroughly by autoclave
Non-Regulated Waste can be
disposed of as solid waste
Regulated Waste
 Contaminated items that would release
blood or OPIM in liquid or semi-liquid
state if compressed
 Items that are caked with dried blood or
OPIM and are capable of releasing these
materials during handling
 Contaminated sharps
 Pathological and microbiological
waste containing blood or OPIM
Non-Regulated Waste
 Mucus, sweat, tears,
 Urine, feces
 Nasal secretions
 vomit
Unless the above material
is visibly contaminated
with blood or is difficult to
differentiate.
Blood Borne Pathogen Training
Segregating Medical Waste
Occupational Bloodborne
Pathogen Transmission
Through direct contact
between infected blood and
 Open sores
 Cuts
 Chapped skin
 Mucus membranes in eyes,
nose, mouth
Occupational Bloodborne Pathogen
Transmission
Infection from a
bloodborne
pathogen can
result in chronic
infection, serious
illness, and
death.
Courtesy of Owen Mumford, Inc.
 If you experienced a needle stick or sharps





injury or were exposed to the blood or other
body fluid of a patient during the course of
your work, immediately follow these steps:
Wash needle sticks and cuts with soap and
water
Flush splashes to the nose, mouth, or skin
with water
Irrigate eyes with clean water, saline, or
sterile solution
Report the incident to your supervisor
Immediately seek medical treatment
Source: CDC
Occupational Exposure
Employees who may have occupational
exposures to bloodborne pathogens will:
 Receive a Bloodborne Pathogen
Prevention training
 Receive additional training on specific
procedures from their department if
required (ex. Blood or Potential Body Fluid
Clean Up Procedures)
 Be offered a series of HBV vaccination.
Hepatitis
 Definition: A liver disease caused by a
hepatitis virus. - hepatitis means
“inflammation of the liver”
 Types: A,B,C,D,E
 Symptoms: Jaundice, fatigue, abdominal
pain, loss of appetite, nausea, dark urine,
vomiting, joint pain.
Hepatitis B - HBV
 Hep B: Liver disease caused by the
hepatitis B virus.
 Occupational Transmission: Through direct
contact with infected blood or certain bodily
fluids (OPIM)
 Occupational Risk Groups:
 Healthcare workers
 Public safety workers
 Public services workers
Hepatitis B - HBV
Characteristics:
 There are no medications available for
hepatitis B.
 Hepatitis B vaccine is available for prevention.
 There are antiviral drugs available for the
treatment of chronic HBV infection.
 HBV virus is very durable and can survive in
dried blood for up to 7 days.
 Hepatitis carrier: infected person who never
fully recovers from infection can carry the
virus that may infect others - about 1M in the
US
Source: cdc
Hepatitis C (HCV)
 Hep C: Liver disease caused by the
hepatitis C virus
 Occupational Transmission: Needlestick or
sharp injuries (not common)
 Risk Groups: Healthcare workers after
needlesticks, recipients of blood or
organs from a donor who later tested
positive for HCV.
 No Hep C vaccine
Source: cdc
Human Immunodeficiency Virus
(HIV)
 Fragile – few hours in
dry environment
 Attacks the human
immune system
 Cause of AIDS
 More than 1 million
infected persons in U.S.
 No cure; no vaccine
available yet
Source: cdc
HIV - seen as small spheres on
the surface of white blood cells
HIV & AIDS
Occupational Risk
Group:
 Healthcare workers
being stuck with
infected needle
 First Aid Providers
getting infected blood
into an open cut or
mucus membrane
Source: cdc
Hepatitis B Vaccination
1
First shot
2
Second
shot: 1
month after
the first
shot
3
Third shot:
5 months
after the
second shot
BBP Methods of Compliance
1) Isolate the blood borne pathogen
hazards. Example: sharps disposal
containers, autoclave, Biological cabinet,
etc.
2) Use “Universal Precautions”: Treat all
blood & bodily fluids as if they are
infected.
3) Use PPE: Barriers between workers
and potentially infected materials
Hygiene Practice Controls
 Hand washing: One of the most important (and
easiest) practices used to prevent transmission
of blood borne pathogens
 Wash hands with soap & water immediately or ASAP
after removal of gloves or other PPE
 If you are away from the hand-washing facilities, use
antiseptic cleanser in conjunction with clean
cloth/paper towels. Then wash hands with soap and
water as soon as feasible
 Eating/Drinking/Smoking/Applying make
up/Handling contact lenses are prohibited in
exposure areas
Hazard Communication:
Signs/Labels
Logo & Warning
required to
communicate the
hazard
Disinfecting Surfaces or Tools
 Clean and disinfect contaminated
surfaces or tools ASAP with a bleach
solution or an OSHA approved
disinfectant
 If using bleach, mix 10% solution (1
part of household bleach, 9 parts of
water or 3/4 cup of bleach in a gallon
container and fill it up with water) .
Leave solution on contaminated
surface for at least 15 minutes
 If using OSHA approved disinfectant,
follow manufacturer’s directions
Example of a Safe Operating Procedure - Blood
Droplets Clean Up
Cleaning up/disinfecting blood in droplets:
 Put gloves on
 Spray disinfectant over blood droplets
until they are saturated
 Wipe the contaminated surface dry with
paper towels
 Dispose of paper towels in solid waste
container
 Spray the contaminated surface
thoroughly with disinfectant
 Wait 10 minutes for disinfectant to work
 Wipe the surface dry with paper towels
 Dispose of paper towels and gloves in
solid waste container
 Wash hands with soap and warm water
thoroughly
Sharps
 Needles, scalpels, razor
blades, broken glass
 Dispose of sharps in a sharps
container
 NEVER PICK UP BROKEN
GLASSWARE DIRECTLY
WITH THE HANDS. SWEEP
OR BRUSH THE MATERIAL
INTO A DUSTPAN
Sharps Injury Log
 TAMUCC is required to establish
and maintain a sharps injury log
for the recording of
percutaneous injuries from
contaminated sharps. The
information in the sharps injury
log shall be recorded and
maintained in such manner as to
protect the confidentiality of the
injured employee.
 TAMUCC is required to report
sharp injury to the Public Health
Dept.
 Copy of Sharps Injury Log
should be kept at TAMUCC EH&S
office
If You are Exposed to BBP
 Eye & mucus
membrane: Flush out
with water for 15
minutes, then report to
your supervisor
 Skin: wash skin with
soap and non-abrasive
antibacterial soap, then
report to your
supervisor
Medical Evaluation
 If you think that you
have been in direct
contact with potentially
infectious materials,
report it immediately to
your supervisor
 You will be offered a
confidential medical
evaluation and follow-up
BBP Emergency Procedures
In case of an emergency involving blood or OPIM
 If you are not trained to deal with it, call E,H&S
immediately
 If you are trained to deal with it, make sure to:
 Use Universal Precautions
 Wear proper PPE
 If incident involves sharps, use broom and
dustpan to pick up. Never pick up sharps
directly with the hands
 If there is an injury from contaminated sharps,
fill out form “Sharps Injury Log” from EH&S
dept. within 24 hours
 Assist EH&S in accident investigation if needed