Download Intro. to Animals

Kingdom Animalia
I. Symmetry
 = balance in structure
 Radial = if cut like a pie, each
section would be alike
 E.g. = jelly fish, sea stars
Patterns of Symmetry
Bilateral
symmetry
Radial
symmetry
Patterns of Symmetry
 Bilateral = if divided head to tail,
makes mirror images
 E.g. = human, worm, fish, horse
II. Levels of Organization of Living
things
A. Cell = basic unit of life
B. Tissue = group(s) of cells that
work(s) together
II. Levels of Organization of Living
things
C. Organ = group of tissues
D. Organ System = group of
organs
E. Organism = living thing with
organ systems
III. Habitat = home, environment
A. Aquatic = life in water
1. fresh water
2. marine (salt water)
III. Habitat = home, environment
B. Terrestrial = life on land
C. Biomes = Rain Forest, Desert,
Wetlands, etc.
IV. Seven Essential Life Functions
A. Feeding = method of obtaining
nutrients
1. Patterns:
a. Diffusion –
movement of molecules……
b. Filter feeder –
collect food particles from water
1. Feeding Patterns
c. Herbivore - plants
d. Omnivore – plants & animals
e. Carnivore - animals
f. Detrivore – breaks down dead
things
2. Digestive tract - (Gut) or not?
a. Incomplete - one opening
b. Complete – mouth and anus
?s1-6
B. Respiration= gas exchange
1. Diffusion - movement of
molecules……
2. Skin – diffusion across body wall
B. Respiration
3. Gills – aquatic lifestyle
4. Lungs – terrestrial lifestyle
C. Internal Transport = moving
liquids inside body
1. Diffusion - movement of molecules……
2. Open circulatory system –
blood does NOT always travel
in vessels
mollusks & arthropods
C. Internal Transport
3. Closed circulatory system blood always travels in vessels
C. Internal Transport
4. Heart – # of chambers?
D. Excretion
1. = Removal of LIQUID WASTE
metabolic/cellular/nitrogenous
waste
2. NO ANUS INVOLVED, NO FECES!!!!
E.g. flame cells, nephridia, kidneys
?s 7-15
E.g. Human excretory system
E. Response
1. Nervous system or not?
2. Cephalization =
concentration of sensory cells
in the anterior end (head)
E. Response
3. Brain = concentration of nerve
cells,
impulses,
processing
4. Dorsal or ventral nerve cord(s)?
dorsal = spine side
ventral = belly side ?s 16-19
F. Movement
1. Sessile = no movement
2. Motile = moves
–Muscles present (or not)
–Types of muscles – longitudinal,
circular,
lateral,
v-shaped
G. Reproduction
1. External Fertilization –
release gametes into water
or sperm near eggs
2. Internal Fertilization –
copulatory organ(s) present
G. Reproduction
Monoecious - one body,
makes both eggs & sperm
Dioecious – separate sexes
makes eggs OR sperm
(takes two to tango)
?s 20-21