Download IceCube Methods - Max-Planck

Multi-Messenger approach in IceCube
E. Resconi
(Max-Planck-Institute for Nuclear Physics, Heidelberg)
LAUNCH, Heidelberg, 21-23 March 2007
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Multi-messenger

CR


Phase 1:
Use cosmic rays + photons information
 HE neutrino sources identification (discovery !)

Phase 2:
Use cosmic rays + photons + neutrinos
 study hadronic interactions in astrophysical sites
 cosmic ray origin
 acceleration mechanisms
Elisa Resconi
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Multi-messenger

CR


Phase 1:
Use cosmic rays + photons information
 HE neutrino sources identification (discovery !)


On-going activities
Future (realistic) prospectives
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IceCube Observables

Arrival
time
AMANDA
~ 5-7 nsec
AMANDA+IceCube
~ 3 nsec
Incoming
direction
2° - 3°
Estimated
energy
± 0.5 order of magnitude
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< 1°
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IceCube Methods
1.
The diffuse flux
Multi-messenger argument
Proton luminosity
Upper bound HE  flux
K. Mannheim, R.J. Protheroe, J. P. Rachen, Phys.Rev. D63 (2001) 023003
Cosmic Rays
Neutrinos
AMANDA-II 4 years
IceCube 1 year
MPR
W&B
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IceCube Methods
2.
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The point source search (time integrated)
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IceCube Methods
2.
The point source search (time integrated)
The IceCube coll., astro-ph/0611063,
75o
60o
3
3
45o
2
2
11
30o
0
0
15o
-1
-1
-2
-2
24h
0h
-3
AMANDA-II: 2000-2004 (1001 live days),
4282  from northern hemisphere
No significant excess found
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IceCube Methods
2.
The point source search (time integrated)
Multi-messenger argument
Non-thermal activity
Nr. Observed /
Nr. expected
32 sources pre-selected
Active Galactic
Nuclei
Single source candidate
Flux Upper Limit
10-7 GeV cm-2 s-1
Mkn 421
Mkn 501
1ES1959+650
6 / 7.37
8 / 6.39
5 / 4.77
0.42
0.85
0.78
3C273
M87
8 / 4.72
6 / 6.08
1.00
0.49
The IceCube coll., astro-ph/0611063
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IceCube Methods
2.
The point source search (time integrated)
Multi-messenger argument
Non-thermal activity
Nr. Observed /
Nr. expected
32 sources pre-selected
X-ray Binary
Systems
Single source candidate
Flux Upper Limit
10-7 GeV cm-2 s-1
SS433
LSI +61 303
4 / 6.14
5 / 4.81
0.27
0.74
Cyg X-1
Cyg X-3
8 / 7.01
7 / 6.48
0.77
0.68
The IceCube coll., astro-ph/0611063
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IceCube Methods
2.
The point source search (time integrated)
3C273
AMANDA-II Limits, 1001 days
M. Ackermann, PhD Thesis
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IceCube Methods
4.
the point source search time optimized
Multi-messenger arguments
Non-thermal activity
Single source candidate
Transient behavior
Search for transient 
Variability in astrophysics:
an old problem
a plethora of methods
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IceCube Methods
4.
the point source search time optimized
Phenomenology: selection of the “proxy” waveband(s)
Statistics: light curve combination / interpretation
Data Analysis: detection probability improvement
Elisa Resconi
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IceCube Methods
4.
the point source search time optimized
Phenomenology: selection of the “proxy” waveband(s)
Active Galactic
Nuclei
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Mkn 421
Mkn 501
1ES1959+650
X- and -rays
3C273
Radio and X-rays
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IceCube Methods
4.
the point source search time optimized
 Selection of the “proxy” waveband(s)
Phenomenology: selection of the “proxy” waveband(s)
X-ray Binary
Systems
Elisa Resconi
SS433
LSI +61 303
Cyg X-1
Cyg X-3
…..
Radio
Periodicity (multiwavelength)
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IceCube Methods
4.
the point source search time optimized
Statistics: light curve combination
M. Tluczykont et al., JoP 60 (2007) 318-320
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IceCube Methods
4.
the point source search time optimized
Statistics: light curve interpretation
Maximum Likelihood Blocks:
Rate
E.R. et al., JoP 60 (2007) 223-226
Light curve …
… into time intervals
… in which count rate constant
(with a specified confidence)
Based on maximum-likelihood (iterative)
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Time
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IceCube Methods
4.
the point source search time optimized
Statistics: light curve interpretation
E.R. et al., JoP 60 (2007) 223-226
E.R., L. Costamante, A. Gross
RXTE-ASM
MLBs
RXTE-PCA
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IceCube
Methods
IceCube Methods
 Errors related to the “degree of extrapolation”
 Less data, more extrapolation, bigger errors
 Non-gaussian shape (Mkn421, Mkn501, 1ES1959+650, PKS2155)
 Most-Probable-Value (MPV) as characteristic level
E.R., L. Costamante, A. Gross
Flares
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IceCube Methods
Time windows of HE emission: neutrinos ??
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The hint: 1ES1959+650
X-ray: ASM, PCA

Good X- correlation


“orphan” flare: difficult to
be accommodated in leptonic
models
-ray: Whipple
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IceCube Methods
4.
the point source search time optimized
Data Analysis: detection probability improvement
P. Berghaus
Preliminary
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IceCube Methods
4.
the point source search time optimized
Next tests:
Mkn501, 1997, AMANDA-B10
 2005 – 2006, AMANDA-II
 2007, AMANDA+IceCube23

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Future Prospective
5.
Significant Neutrino
Observation
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On-line Strategies
Neutrino Trigger of
Multi-wavelength
Campaign
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Future Prospective:
prototype test
5.
Elisa Resconi
27th September to 27th November 2006
( E. Bernardini et al., astro-ph/0509396 )
AMANDA
– MAGIC
Prototype-test
already
• Alerts sent
(see E. Bernardini et al …)
• Reaction within one day
done! NToT
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Future Prospective
High Duty Cycle (60-70%)
Large Field of View: ~2
 Off-line efforts for optimal searches
Multi-Messenger Arguments:
CR


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CR energetic
 Multi-wavelength picture of
non-thermal sources
 Models …..

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Future Prospective
High Duty Cycle (60-70%)
Large Field of View: ~2
 On-line efforts: go to phase 2
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“ Perfect ” place to pursued this type of physics
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IceCube Methods
2.
The point source search (time integrated)
Multi-messenger argument
The IceCube coll., astro-ph/0611063
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