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George Liu
Measuring Sharks
Mean Length Of Atlanic Sharks
1000
990
980
970
(cm)
960
950
Series1
940
930
920
Series1
Male
Female
Sea Turtle
Experiment
Sea Turtle Hatchlings That Survived
140
125
125
125
125
120
100
100
Number
of
Turtles80
Survived
Survived
Hatched
60
40
20
0
Blue
Yellow
Green
Red
Orange
• Probability is a way to measure the
chances that something will
occur in relation to the possible
alternatives
• Ex: The probability of picking an
Ace out of a deck of 52 cards
(There are four aces in a deck) is
4/52 = 2/26 = 1/13
Sea Cigars
Distribution of 25 Sea Cigars
Height of Sea
Cigars (inches)
25
20
15
Number
10
5
0
"1-5"
"6-10"
"11-15"
"16-20"
"21-25"
"26-30"
Mass (g) of FLOTSAM
Detritivores
Red Mangrove Leaves 0.125
2
Shoal Grass
3
Turtle Grass
21.5
Variance
• Variance = Used in statistics to
describe how far away your data
are from the mean.
• Standard Deviation describes how
spread out the data are.
4
3.5
3
2.5
2
Theoretical
Distribution
Actual Data
1.5
1
0.5
0
1
3
5
7
9 11 13
15 17 19
21 23 25
Theoretical Distribution
Chi Square Test
• Used to see if there are any significant
differences between data sites or sources.
Sum (observed-predicted)
predicted
T-TEST
• The p-value of 0.000545 is less than
0.5, and
the 14 degrees of freedom, which
means that there is a significant
difference between the control and
treatment.
• The t-test determines whether there
is a significant difference between
the means of two samples, thoise of
treatment and those of control.