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Contents
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Chapter 1 ■ Your Personal Strengths
Chapter 2 ■ The Roles You Play
Chapter 3 ■ Why We Work
Chapter 4 ■ Exploring the Career Clusters
Chapter 5 ■ Think Like an Entrepreneur
Chapter 6 ■ Skills for Success
Chapter 7 ■ Academic Planning
Chapter 8 ■ Communicating with Others
Chapter 9 ■ Building Relationships
Chapter 10 ■ Basic Math Skills
Chapter 11 ■ Technology and Your Career
Chapter 12 ■ Career Planning
Chapter 13 ■ Managing a Job Search
Chapter 14 ■ Getting Started in Your
Career
Chapter 15 ■ Being Productive in Your
Career
Chapter 16 ■ Living a Healthy and
Balanced Life
Chapter 17 ■ Starting Your Own Business
Chapter 18 ■ Planning Your Own Business
Chapter 19 ■ Managing Your Business
Chapter 20 ■ Personal Money
Management
Chapter 21 ■ Personal Financial Planning
Chapter 22 ■ Basic Economics
Chapter 23 ■ Basic Business Financial
Management
Chapter 24 ■ Financial Calculations for
Business
Reading and Writing
 Many historians consider the printing press as the most
important invention of all time due to its impact on
spreading written communication.
 Reading will be essential for your career. Reading allows
you to learn on your own.
 Passive reading is the kind of reading you do for entertainment.
 Critical reading happens when you are actively engaging the
subject being written about.
 Reading and writing go together—you cannot do critical
reading without also writing.
 Learning to write is an ongoing process. You should
always expect to get better.
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Using Written Communication
 Constructive criticism are suggestions from others on
how to improve your writing.
 Like reading, writing well will be essential in almost any
career you choose.
 Even before you begin work, you will usually have to
write:
 A resume
 A cover letter to accompany your resume
 A follow-up letter to demonstrate your interest in the job
 While you are employed, you will have regular writing
tasks such as customer letters, written reports, or writing
memos.
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Using Verbal Communication
 Mastering the art of verbal communication is a very important
part of getting the career you want.
 Communicate effectively by using a six-step process:
1. Be clear
2. Be personal
3. Be positive
4. Get to the point
5. Listen to the response
6. Think before you respond
 You use different types of verbal communication when
speaking to your friends, parents, and people with whom you
relate on the job.
 When communicating with customers, remember the old saying,
“the customer is always right.
 If you supervise others in the company, communicate with them
using the respect that is due to any worker.
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Using Your Speaking Skills
 The best way to think something through is often to talk about
it with someone else—doubling the brainpower.
 Talking or debating something is a great way to problem-solve
in the workplace.
 Thinking critically about a difficult problem.
 Take sides, debate, and solve the problem.
 When debating a problem, strike a balance between caring too
much or too little about the topic.
 To becoming a great speaker:
 Know your audience.
 Know what you are talking about.
 Never stop learning! The greatest speakers are always learning.
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Developing Listening Skills
 There is a big difference between hearing and actively
listening:
 If you are involved with the words you hear, you are actively
listening; If the they go into in and out of your head, then you are
merely hearing.
 Hearing is passive (something that happens to you); listening is
active (something you actually do).
 Active listening is an important part of effective
communication. When you are an active listener, you pay
attention to the speaker and make sure you hear and
understand the message.
 Listening is important to your career—the better you are at it,
the more successful you will be.
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Identifying Nonverbal
Communication
 Sign language is just as powerful as spoken
language—You can communicate everything you would
with speech, without saying a word.
 Body language can be either positive or negative.
 You can also communicate is through visual aids, such
as pictures, graphs, or charts.
 Some other ways you can communicate using positive
body language:
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Chapter
Watch your posture.
Open arms communicate an open mind
Active hand gestures indicate active debate
Maintain adequate eye contact
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Body Language and
Graphical Representation
 Negative body language can portray you as hostile,
combative, and unwilling. Here are some examples of
negative body language you should be wary of.
 Avoid unnecessary movements
 Avoid closed or folded arms
 Don’t stare intently
 Don’t signal that you’ve stopped paying attention
 A graphical representation—conveying information
without words—can be a great way of communicating
ideas without saying them directly.
 In your career, you might sometimes find that using visual
aids will be the most effective way to communicate.
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Recognizing Obstacles to
Communication
 Differences in culture, values, and personal
characteristics can affect communication.
 Being sensitive to communication obstacles, and being
able to avoid problems caused by miscommunication,
will make you a great candidate in any career field.
 Diversity describes an environment which includes
variety, such as people of different ages, cultural
backgrounds, and race.
 You can learn from people who are different from you,
because they can bring different perspectives to your
attention.
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Overcoming
Communication Barriers
 Differences in communication can become obstacles to
effective communication, called communication barriers:
 Language barriers
 Cultural barriers
 Gender barriers
 Value/belief barriers
 Recognize communication barriers, and try to overcome it.
 Change your tone of voice to be more neutral or passive can
overcome the barrier.
 Change your body language is another way to overcome a
communication barrier
 Recognize value/belief barriers and figure out the common
ground and restart the conversation from there.
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Chapter Review
 Reading and writing well will be essential to your career.
 Mastering the art of verbal communication is a very
important part of getting the career you want.
 When you actively listen, you pay attention to the speaker
and make sure you hear and understand the message.
 Sign language is just as powerful as spoken language.
 Negative body language can portray you as hostile,
combative, and unwilling.
 You can also communicate is through visual aids, such as
pictures, graphs, or charts.
 Differences in communication can become obstacles to
effective communication, called communication barriers.
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